Renegade/Code/wwlib/Except.cpp

/*
**	Command & Conquer Renegade(tm)
**	Copyright 2025 Electronic Arts Inc.
**
**	This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
**	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
**	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
**	(at your option) any later version.
**
**	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
**	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
**	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
**	GNU General Public License for more details.
**
**	You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
**	along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

/***********************************************************************************************
 ***              C O N F I D E N T I A L  ---  W E S T W O O D  S T U D I O S               ***
 ***********************************************************************************************
 *                                                                                             *
 *                 Project Name : Command & Conquer                                            *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                     $Archive:: /Commando/Code/wwlib/Except.cpp                             $*
 *                                                                                             *
 *                      $Author:: Steve_t                                                     $*
 *                                                                                             *
 *                     $Modtime:: 2/07/02 12:28p                                              $*
 *                                                                                             *
 *                    $Revision:: 14                                                          $*
 *                                                                                             *
 *---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
 * Functions:                                                                                  *
 *                                                                                             *
 * Exception_Proc -- Windows dialog callback for the exception dialog                          *
 * Exception_Dialog -- Brings up the exception options dialog.                                 *
 * Add_Txt -- Add the given text to the machine state dump buffer.                             *
 * Dump_Exception_Info -- Dump machine state information into a buffer                         *
 * Exception_Handler -- Exception handler filter function                                      *
 * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

#ifdef _MSC_VER

#include	"always.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include	"assert.h"
#include "cpudetect.h"
#include	"except.h"
//#include "debug.h"
#include "mpu.h"
//#include "commando\nat.h"
#include "thread.h"
#include "wwdebug.h"
#include "wwmemlog.h"

#include	<conio.h>
#include	<imagehlp.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#include	<stdio.h>

#ifdef WWDEBUG
#define DebugString 	WWDebug_Printf
#else
void DebugString(char const *, ...){};
#endif //WWDEBUG

/*
** Enable this define to get the 'demo timed out' message on a crash or assert failure.
*/
//#define DEMO_TIME_OUT

/*
** Buffer to dump machine state information to. We don't want to allocate this at run-time
** in case the exception was caused by a malfunction in the memory system.
*/
static char ExceptionText [65536];

bool SymbolsAvailable = false;
HINSTANCE ImageHelp = (HINSTANCE) -1;

void (*AppCallback)(void) = NULL;
char *(*AppVersionCallback)(void) = NULL;

/*
** Flag to indicate we should exit when an exception occurs.
*/
bool ExitOnException = false;
bool TryingToExit = false;

/*
** Register dump variables. These are used to allow the game to restart from an arbitrary
** position after an exception occurs.
*/
unsigned long ExceptionReturnStack = 0;
unsigned long ExceptionReturnAddress = 0;
unsigned long ExceptionReturnFrame = 0;

/*
** Number of times the exception handler has recursed. Recursions are bad.
*/
int ExceptionRecursions = -1;

/*
** List of threads that the exception handler knows about.
*/
DynamicVectorClass<ThreadInfoType*> ThreadList;

/*
** Definitions to allow run-time linking to the Imagehlp.dll functions.
**
*/
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *SymCleanupType) (HANDLE hProcess);
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *SymGetSymFromAddrType) (HANDLE hProcess, DWORD Address, LPDWORD Displacement, PIMAGEHLP_SYMBOL Symbol);
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *SymInitializeType) (HANDLE hProcess, LPSTR UserSearchPath, BOOL fInvadeProcess);
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *SymLoadModuleType) (HANDLE hProcess, HANDLE hFile, LPSTR ImageName, LPSTR ModuleName, DWORD BaseOfDll, DWORD SizeOfDll);
typedef DWORD (WINAPI *SymSetOptionsType) (DWORD SymOptions);
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *SymUnloadModuleType) (HANDLE hProcess, DWORD BaseOfDll);
typedef BOOL  (WINAPI *StackWalkType) (DWORD MachineType, HANDLE hProcess, HANDLE hThread, LPSTACKFRAME StackFrame, LPVOID ContextRecord, PREAD_PROCESS_MEMORY_ROUTINE ReadMemoryRoutine, PFUNCTION_TABLE_ACCESS_ROUTINE FunctionTableAccessRoutine, PGET_MODULE_BASE_ROUTINE GetModuleBaseRoutine, PTRANSLATE_ADDRESS_ROUTINE TranslateAddress);
typedef LPVOID (WINAPI *SymFunctionTableAccessType) (HANDLE hProcess, DWORD AddrBase);
typedef DWORD (WINAPI *SymGetModuleBaseType) (HANDLE hProcess, DWORD dwAddr);


static SymCleanupType							_SymCleanup = NULL;
static SymGetSymFromAddrType				_SymGetSymFromAddr = NULL;
static SymInitializeType						_SymInitialize = NULL;
static SymLoadModuleType						_SymLoadModule = NULL;
static SymSetOptionsType						_SymSetOptions = NULL;
static SymUnloadModuleType					_SymUnloadModule = NULL;
static StackWalkType								_StackWalk = NULL;
static SymFunctionTableAccessType	_SymFunctionTableAccess = NULL;
static SymGetModuleBaseType				_SymGetModuleBase = NULL;

static char const *ImagehelpFunctionNames[] =
{
	"SymCleanup",
	"SymGetSymFromAddr",
	"SymInitialize",
	"SymLoadModule",
	"SymSetOptions",
	"SymUnloadModule",
	"StackWalk",
	"SymFunctionTableAccess",
	"SymGetModuleBaseType",
	NULL
};



/***********************************************************************************************
 * _purecall -- This function overrides the C library Pure Virtual Function Call error         *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   0 = no error                                                                      *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   8/22/00 11:42AM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
int __cdecl _purecall(void)
{
	int return_code = 0;

#ifdef WWDEBUG
	/*
	** Use int3 to cause an exception.
	*/
	WWDEBUG_SAY(("Pure Virtual Function call. Oh No!\n"));
	_asm int 0x03;
#endif	//_DEBUG_ASSERT

	return(return_code);
}



/***********************************************************************************************
 * Last_Error_Text -- Get the system error text for GetLastError                                *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Ptr to error string                                                               *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   8/14/98 11:11AM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
char const * Last_Error_Text(void)
{
	static char message_buffer[256];
	FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, GetLastError(), MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), &message_buffer[0], 256, NULL);
	return (message_buffer);
}



/***********************************************************************************************
 * Add_Txt -- Add the given text to the machine state dump buffer.                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Text                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *    7/22/97 12:21PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
static void Add_Txt (char const *txt)
{
	if (strlen(ExceptionText) + strlen(txt) < 65535) {
		strcat(ExceptionText, txt);
	}
#if (0)
	/*
	** Log to debug output too.
	*/
	static char _debug_output_txt[512];
	const char *in = txt;
	char *out = _debug_output_txt;
	bool done = false;

	if (strlen(txt) < sizeof(_debug_output_txt)) {
		for (int i=0 ; i<sizeof(_debug_output_txt) ; i++) {

			switch (*in) {
				case '\r':
					in++;
					continue;

				case 0:
					done = true;
					// fall through

				default:
					*out++ = *in++;
					break;
			}

			if (done) {
				break;
			}
		}

		DebugString(_debug_output_txt);
	}
#endif //(0)
}



/***********************************************************************************************
 * Dump_Exception_Info -- Dump machine state information into a buffer                         *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    ptr to exception information                                                      *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *    7/22/97 12:21PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
void Dump_Exception_Info(EXCEPTION_POINTERS *e_info)
{
	/*
	** List of possible exceptions
	*/
	static const unsigned int _codes[] = {
		EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION,
		EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED,
		EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT,
		EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK,
		EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW,
		EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION,
		EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR,
		EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,
		EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW,
		EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION,
		EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION,
		EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION,
		EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP,
		EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW,
		0xffffffff
	};

	/*
	** Information about each exception type.
	*/
	static char const * _code_txt[] = {
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to read from or write to a virtual address for which it does not have the appropriate access.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to access an array element that is out of bounds and the underlying hardware supports bounds checking.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT\r\r\nDescription: A breakpoint was encountered.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to read or write data that is misaligned on hardware that does not provide alignment. For example, 16-bit values must be aligned on 2-byte boundaries; 32-bit values on 4-byte boundaries, and so on.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND\r\r\nDescription: One of the operands in a floating-point operation is denormal. A denormal value is one that is too small to represent as a standard floating-point value.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to divide a floating-point value by a floating-point divisor of zero.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT\r\r\nDescription: The result of a floating-point operation cannot be represented exactly as a decimal fraction.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION\r\r\nDescription: Some strange unknown floating point operation was attempted.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW\r\r\nDescription: The exponent of a floating-point operation is greater than the magnitude allowed by the corresponding type.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK\r\r\nDescription: The stack overflowed or underflowed as the result of a floating-point operation.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW\r\r\nDescription:	The exponent of a floating-point operation is less than the magnitude allowed by the corresponding type.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION\r\r\nDescription:	The thread tried to execute an invalid instruction.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR\r\r\nDescription:	The thread tried to access a page that was not present, and the system was unable to load the page. For example, this exception might occur if a network connection is lost while running a program over the network.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to divide an integer value by an integer divisor of zero.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW\r\r\nDescription: The result of an integer operation caused a carry out of the most significant bit of the result.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION\r\r\nDescription: An exception handler returned an invalid disposition to the exception dispatcher. Programmers using a high-level language such as C should never encounter this exception.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to continue execution after a noncontinuable exception occurred.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION\r\r\nDescription: The thread tried to execute an instruction whose operation is not allowed in the current machine mode.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP\r\r\nDescription: A trace trap or other single-instruction mechanism signaled that one instruction has been executed.",
		"Error code: EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW\r\r\nDescription: The thread used up its stack.",
		"Error code: ?????\r\r\nDescription: Unknown exception."
	};

	DebugString("Dump exception info\n");

	/*
	** Scrap buffer for constructing dump strings
	*/
	char scrap [256];

	/*
	** Clear out the dump buffer
	*/
	memset(ExceptionText, 0, sizeof (ExceptionText));

	/*
	** If this is the first time through then fix up the imagehelp function pointers since imagehlp.dll
	** can't be statically linked.
	*/
	HINSTANCE imagehelp = LoadLibrary("IMAGEHLP.DLL");

	if (imagehelp != NULL) {
		DebugString ("Exception Handler: Found IMAGEHLP.DLL - linking to required functions\n");
		char const *function_name = NULL;
		unsigned long *fptr = (unsigned long*) &_SymCleanup;
		int count = 0;

		do {
			function_name = ImagehelpFunctionNames[count];
			if (function_name) {
				*fptr = (unsigned long) GetProcAddress(imagehelp, function_name);
				fptr++;
				count++;
			}
		} while (function_name);
	} else {
		DebugString("Exception Handler: Unable to load IMAGEHLP.DLL\n");
	}


	/*
	** Retrieve the programs symbols if they are available
	*/
	if (_SymSetOptions != NULL) {
		_SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_DEFERRED_LOADS);
	}

	int symload = 0;
	int symbols_available = false;

	if (_SymInitialize != NULL && _SymInitialize (GetCurrentProcess(), NULL, false))	{
		DebugString("Exception Handler: Symbols are available\r\n\n");
		symbols_available = true;
	}

	if (!symbols_available)	{
		DebugString ("Exception Handler: SymInitialize failed with code %d - %s\n", GetLastError(), Last_Error_Text());
	} else {
		if (_SymSetOptions != NULL) {
			_SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_DEFERRED_LOADS | SYMOPT_UNDNAME);
		}

		char module_name[_MAX_PATH];
		GetModuleFileName(NULL, module_name, sizeof(module_name));

		if (_SymLoadModule != NULL) {
			symload = _SymLoadModule(GetCurrentProcess(), NULL, module_name, NULL, 0, 0);
		}

		if (!symload) {
			assert(_SymLoadModule != NULL);
			DebugString ("Exception Handler: SymLoad failed for module %s with code %d - %s\n", module_name, GetLastError(), Last_Error_Text());
		}
	}


	unsigned char symbol [256];
	unsigned long displacement;
	IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL *symptr = (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL*)&symbol;

	/*
	** Get the exception address and the machine context at the time of the exception
	*/
	CONTEXT *context = e_info->ContextRecord;

	/*
	** The following are set for access violation only
	*/
	int access_read_write=-1;
	unsigned long access_address = 0;

	if (e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
		DebugString("Exception Handler: Exception is access violation\n");
		access_read_write = e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0];  // 0=read, 1=write
		access_address = e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
	} else {
		DebugString ("Exception Handler: Exception code is %d\n", e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode);
	}

	/*
	** Match the exception type with the error string and print it out
	*/
	for (int i=0 ; _codes[i] != 0xffffffff ; i++) {
		if (_codes[i] == e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode) {
			DebugString("Exception Handler: Found exception description\n");
			break;
		}
	}
	Add_Txt(_code_txt[i]);
	Add_Txt("\r\n");

	/*
	** For access violations, print out the violation address and if it was read or write.
	*/
	if (e_info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
		sprintf(scrap, "Access address:%08X ", access_address);
		Add_Txt(scrap);
		if (access_read_write) {
			Add_Txt("was written to.\r\n");
		} else {
			Add_Txt("was read from.\r\n");
		}
	}


	/*
	** If symbols are available, print out the exception eip address and the name of the
	** function it represents.
	*/
	memset(symptr, 0, sizeof (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL));
	symptr->SizeOfStruct = sizeof (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL);
	symptr->MaxNameLength = 256-sizeof (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL);
	symptr->Size = 0;
	symptr->Address = context->Eip;

	if (!IsBadCodePtr((FARPROC)context->Eip)) {
		if (_SymGetSymFromAddr != NULL && _SymGetSymFromAddr (GetCurrentProcess(), context->Eip, &displacement, symptr)) {
			sprintf (scrap, "Exception occurred at %08X - %s + %08X\r\n", context->Eip, symptr->Name, displacement);
		} else {
			DebugString ("Exception Handler: Failed to get symbol for EIP\r\n");
			if (_SymGetSymFromAddr != NULL) {
				DebugString ("Exception Handler: SymGetSymFromAddr failed with code %d - %s\n", GetLastError(), Last_Error_Text());
			}
			sprintf (scrap, "Exception occurred at %08X\r\n", context->Eip);
		}
	} else {
		DebugString ("Exception Handler: context->Eip is bad code pointer\n");
	}

	Add_Txt (scrap);

	/*
	** Try to walk the stack. It might work....
	*/
	DebugString("Stack walk...\n");
	Add_Txt("\r\n  Stack walk...\r\n");

	unsigned long return_addresses[256];
	int num_addresses = Stack_Walk(return_addresses, 256, context);

	if (num_addresses) {
		for (int s=0 ; s<num_addresses ; s++) {
			unsigned long temp_addr = return_addresses[s];
			displacement = 0;

			for (int space = 0 ; space <= s ; space++) {
				Add_Txt("  ");
			}

			if (symbols_available) {
				symptr->SizeOfStruct = sizeof(symbol);
				symptr->MaxNameLength = 128;
				symptr->Size = 0;
				symptr->Address = temp_addr;

				if (_SymGetSymFromAddr != NULL && _SymGetSymFromAddr (GetCurrentProcess(), temp_addr, &displacement, symptr)) {
					char symbuf[256];
					sprintf(symbuf, "%s + %08X\r\n", symptr->Name, displacement);
					Add_Txt(symbuf);
				}
			} else {
				char symbuf[256];
				sprintf(symbuf, "%08x\r\n", temp_addr);
				Add_Txt(symbuf);
			}
		}

		Add_Txt("\r\n\r\n");
	} else {
		DebugString("Stack walk failed!\n");
		Add_Txt("Stack walk failed!\r\n");
	}


#if (0)	//Don't have this info yet for Renegade.
	/*
	** Add in the version info.
	*/
	sprintf(scrap, "\r\nVersion %s\r\n", Version_Name());
	Add_Txt(scrap);

	sprintf(scrap, "Internal Version %s\r\n", VerNum.Version_Name());
	Add_Txt(scrap);

	char buildinfo[128];
	buildinfo[0] = 0;
	Build_Date_String(buildinfo, 128);

	char build_number[128];
	char build_name[128];

#endif	//(0)

	if (AppVersionCallback) {
		sprintf(scrap, "%s\r\n\r\n", AppVersionCallback());
		Add_Txt(scrap);
	}

	/*
	** Thread list.
	*/
	Add_Txt("Thread list\r\n");

	/*
	** Get the thread info from ThreadClass.
	*/
	for (int thread = 0 ; thread < ThreadList.Count() ; thread++) {
		sprintf(scrap, "  ID: %08X - %s", ThreadList[thread]->ThreadID, ThreadList[thread]->ThreadName);
		Add_Txt(scrap);
		if (GetCurrentThreadId() == ThreadList[thread]->ThreadID) {
			Add_Txt("   ***CURRENT THREAD***");
		}
		Add_Txt("\r\n");
	}

	/*
	** CPU type
	*/
	sprintf(scrap, "\r\nCPU %s, %d Mhz, Vendor: %s\r\n", (char*)CPUDetectClass::Get_Processor_String(), Get_RDTSC_CPU_Speed(), (char*)CPUDetectClass::Get_Processor_Manufacturer_Name());
	Add_Txt(scrap);


	Add_Txt("\r\nDetails:\r\n");

	DebugString("Register dump...\n");

	/*
	** Dump the registers.
	*/
	sprintf(scrap, "Eip:%08X\tEsp:%08X\tEbp:%08X\r\n", context->Eip, context->Esp, context->Ebp);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "Eax:%08X\tEbx:%08X\tEcx:%08X\r\n", context->Eax, context->Ebx, context->Ecx);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "Edx:%08X\tEsi:%08X\tEdi:%08X\r\n", context->Edx, context->Esi, context->Edi);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "EFlags:%08X \r\n", context->EFlags);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "CS:%04x  SS:%04x  DS:%04x  ES:%04x  FS:%04x  GS:%04x\r\n", context->SegCs, context->SegSs, context->SegDs, context->SegEs, context->SegFs, context->SegGs);
	Add_Txt(scrap);


	/*
	** Now the FP registers.
	*/
	Add_Txt("\r\nFloating point status\r\n");
	sprintf(scrap, "     Control word: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.ControlWord);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "      Status word: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.StatusWord);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "         Tag word: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.TagWord);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "     Error Offset: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.ErrorOffset);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "   Error Selector: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.ErrorSelector);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "      Data Offset: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.DataOffset);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "    Data Selector: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.DataSelector);
	Add_Txt(scrap);
	sprintf(scrap, "      Cr0NpxState: %08x\r\n", context->FloatSave.Cr0NpxState);
	Add_Txt(scrap);

	for (int fp=0 ; fp<SIZE_OF_80387_REGISTERS / 10 ; fp++) {
		sprintf(scrap, "ST%d : ", fp);
		Add_Txt(scrap);
		for (int b=0 ; b<10 ; b++) {
			sprintf(scrap, "%02X", context->FloatSave.RegisterArea[(fp*10) + b]);
			Add_Txt(scrap);
		}

		void *fp_data_ptr = (void*)(&context->FloatSave.RegisterArea[fp*10]);
		double fp_value;

		/*
		** Convert FP dump from temporary real value (10 bytes) to double (8 bytes).
		*/
		_asm {
			push	eax
			mov	eax,fp_data_ptr
			fld   tbyte ptr [eax]
			fstp	qword ptr [fp_value]
			pop	eax
		}
		sprintf(scrap, "   %+#.17e\r\n", fp_value);
		Add_Txt(scrap);
	}

	/*
	** Dump the bytes at EIP. This will make it easier to match the crash address with later versions of the game.
	*/
	DebugString("EIP bytes dump...\n");
	sprintf(scrap, "\r\nBytes at CS:EIP (%08X)  : ", context->Eip);

	unsigned char *eip_ptr = (unsigned char *) (context->Eip);
	char bytestr[32];

	for (int c = 0 ; c < 32 ; c++) {
		if (IsBadReadPtr(eip_ptr, 1)) {
			strcat(scrap, "?? ");
		} else {
			sprintf(bytestr, "%02X ", *eip_ptr);
			strcat(scrap, bytestr);
		}
		eip_ptr++;
	}

	strcat(scrap, "\r\n\r\n");
	Add_Txt(scrap);

	/*
	** Dump out the values on the stack.
	*/
	DebugString("Stack dump...\n");
	Add_Txt("Stack dump (* indicates possible code address) :\r\n");
	unsigned long *stackptr = (unsigned long*) context->Esp;

	for (int j=0 ; j<2048 ; j++) {
		if (IsBadReadPtr(stackptr, 4)) {
			/*
			** The stack contents cannot be read so just print up question marks.
			*/
			sprintf(scrap, "%08X: ", stackptr);
			strcat(scrap, "????????\r\n");
		} else {
			/*
			** If this stack address is in our memory space then try to match it with a code symbol.
			*/
			if (IsBadCodePtr((FARPROC)*stackptr)) {
				sprintf(scrap, "%08X: %08X ", stackptr, *stackptr);
				strcat(scrap, "DATA_PTR\r\n");
			} else {
				sprintf(scrap, "%08X: %08X", stackptr, *stackptr);

				if (symbols_available) {
					symptr->SizeOfStruct = sizeof(symbol);
					symptr->MaxNameLength = 128;
					symptr->Size = 0;
					symptr->Address = *stackptr;

					if (_SymGetSymFromAddr != NULL && _SymGetSymFromAddr (GetCurrentProcess(), *stackptr, &displacement, symptr)) {
						char symbuf[256];
						sprintf(symbuf, " - %s + %08X", symptr->Name, displacement);
						strcat(scrap, symbuf);
					}
				} else {
					strcat (scrap, " *");
				}
				strcat (scrap, "\r\n");
			}
		}
		Add_Txt(scrap);
		stackptr++;
	}

	/*
	** Unload the symbols.
	*/
	if (symbols_available) {
		if (_SymCleanup != NULL) {
			_SymCleanup (GetCurrentProcess());
		}

		if (symload) {
			if (_SymUnloadModule != NULL) {
				_SymUnloadModule(GetCurrentProcess(), NULL);
			}
		}

	}

	if (imagehelp) {
		FreeLibrary(imagehelp);
	}

	Add_Txt ("\r\n\r\n");
}





/***********************************************************************************************
 * Exception_Handler -- Exception handler filter function                                      *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    exception code                                                                    *
 *           pointer to exception information pointers                                         *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER -- Excecute the body of the __except construct          *
 *        or EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH -- Pass this exception down to the debugger             *
 *        or EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION -- Continue to execute at the fault address          *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *    7/22/97 12:29PM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
int Exception_Handler(int exception_code, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *e_info)
{
	DebugString("Exception!\n");

#ifdef DEMO_TIME_OUT
	if ( !WindowedMode ) {
		Load_Title_Page("TITLE.PCX", true);
		MouseCursor->Release_Mouse();
		MessageBox(MainWindow, "This demo has timed out. Thank you for playing Red Alert 2.","Byeee!", MB_ICONEXCLAMATION|MB_OK);
		return (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER);
	}
#endif	//DEMO_TIME_OUT

	/*
	** If we were trying to quit and we got another exception then just shut down the whole shooting match right here.
	*/
	if (TryingToExit) {
		ExitProcess(0);
	}

	/*
	** Track recursions because we need to know if something here is failing.
	*/
	ExceptionRecursions++;

	if (ExceptionRecursions > 1) {
		return (EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH);
	}

	/*
	** If there was a breakpoint then chances are it was set by a debugger. In _DEBUG mode
	** we probably should ignore breakpoints. Breakpoints become more significant in release
	** mode since there probably isn't a debugger present.
	*/
#ifdef _DEBUG
	if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT) {
		return (EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH);
	}
#else
	exception_code = exception_code;
#endif	//_DEBUG

#ifdef WWDEBUG
	//CONTEXT *context;
#endif WWDEBUG

	if (ExceptionRecursions == 0) {

		/*
		** Create a dump of the exception info.
		*/
		Dump_Exception_Info(e_info);

		/*
		** Log the machine state to disk
		*/
		HANDLE debug_file;
		DWORD	actual;
		debug_file = CreateFile("_except.txt", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
		if (debug_file != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){
			WriteFile(debug_file, ExceptionText, strlen(ExceptionText), &actual, NULL);
			CloseHandle (debug_file);

#if (0)
#ifdef _DEBUG_PRINT
#ifndef _DEBUG
			/*
			** Copy the exception debug file to the network. No point in doing this for the debug version
			** since symbols are not normally available.
			*/
			DebugString ("About to copy debug file\n");
			char filename[512];
			if (Get_Global_Output_File_Name ("EXCEPT", filename, 512)) {
				DebugString ("Copying DEBUG.TXT to %s\n", filename);
				int result = CopyFile("debug.txt", filename, false);
				if (result == 0) {
					DebugString ("CopyFile failed with error code %d - %s\n", GetLastError(), Last_Error_Text());
				}
			}
			DebugString ("Debug file copied\n");
#endif	//_DEBUG
#endif	//_DEBUG_PRINT
#endif	//(0)

		}
	}

	/*
	** Call the apps callback function.
	*/
	if (AppCallback) {
		AppCallback();
	}

	/*
	** If an exit is required then turn of memory leak reporting (there will be lots of them) and use
	** EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER to let us fall out of winmain.
	*/
	if (ExitOnException) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		_CrtSetDbgFlag(0);
#endif //_DEBUG
		TryingToExit = true;

		unsigned long id = Get_Main_Thread_ID();
		if (id != GetCurrentThreadId()) {
			DebugString("Exiting due to exception in sub thread\n");
			ExitProcess(EXIT_SUCCESS);
		}

		return(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER);

	}
	return (EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH);
}




/***********************************************************************************************
 * Register_Thread_ID -- Let the exception handler know about a thread                         *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Thread ID                                                                         *
 *           Thread name                                                                       *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   8/30/2001 3:04PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
void Register_Thread_ID(unsigned long thread_id, char *thread_name, bool main_thread)
{
	WWMEMLOG(MEM_GAMEDATA);
	if (thread_name) {

		/*
		** See if we already know about this thread. Maybe just the thread_id changed.
		*/
		for (int i=0 ; i<ThreadList.Count() ; i++) {
			if (strcmp(thread_name, ThreadList[i]->ThreadName) == 0) {
				ThreadList[i]->ThreadID = thread_id;
				return;
			}
		}

		ThreadInfoType *thread = new ThreadInfoType;
		thread->ThreadID = thread_id;
		strcpy(thread->ThreadName, thread_name);
		thread->Main = main_thread;
		thread->ThreadHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
		ThreadList.Add(thread);
	}
}


#if (0)
/***********************************************************************************************
 * Register_Thread_Handle -- Keep a copy of the thread handle that matches this thread ID      *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Thread ID                                                                         *
 *           Thread handle                                                                     *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   True if thread ID was matched                                                     *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS:                                                                                   *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   2/6/2002 9:40PM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
bool Register_Thread_Handle(unsigned long thread_id, HANDLE thread_handle)
{
	for (int i=0 ; i<ThreadList.Count() ; i++) {
		if (ThreadList[i]->ThreadID == thread_id) {
			ThreadList[i]->ThreadHandle = thread_handle;
			return(true);
			break;
		}
	}
	return(false);
}



/***********************************************************************************************
 * Get_Num_Threads -- Get the number of threads being tracked.                                 *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Number of threads we know about                                                   *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   2/6/2002 9:43PM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
int Get_Num_Threads(void)
{
	return(ThreadList.Count());
}


/***********************************************************************************************
 * Get_Thread_Handle -- Get the handle for the given thread index                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Thread index                                                                      *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Thread handle                                                                     *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   2/6/2002 9:46PM ST : Created                                                              *
 *=============================================================================================*/
HANDLE Get_Thread_Handle(int thread_index)
{
	if (thread_index < ThreadList.Count()) {
		return(ThreadList[thread_index]->ThreadHandle);
	}
}
#endif //(0)

/***********************************************************************************************
 * Unregister_Thread_ID -- Remove a thread entry from the thread list                          *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Thread ID                                                                         *
 *           Thread name                                                                       *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   8/30/2001 3:10PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
void Unregister_Thread_ID(unsigned long thread_id, char *thread_name)
{
	for (int i=0 ; i<ThreadList.Count() ; i++) {
		if (strcmp(thread_name, ThreadList[i]->ThreadName) == 0) {
			assert(ThreadList[i]->ThreadID == thread_id);
			delete ThreadList[i];
			ThreadList.Delete(i);
			return;
		}
	}
}



/***********************************************************************************************
 * Get_Main_Thread_ID -- Get the ID of the processes main thread                               *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Thread ID                                                                         *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   12/6/2001 12:20PM ST : Created                                                            *
 *=============================================================================================*/
unsigned long Get_Main_Thread_ID(void)
{
	for (int i=0 ; i<ThreadList.Count() ; i++) {
		if (ThreadList[i]->Main) {
			return(ThreadList[i]->ThreadID);
		}
	}
	return(0);
}






/***********************************************************************************************
 * Load_Image_Helper -- Load imagehlp.dll and retrieve the programs symbols                    *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Nothing                                                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   6/12/2001 4:27PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
void Load_Image_Helper(void)
{
	/*
	** If this is the first time through then fix up the imagehelp function pointers since imagehlp.dll
	** can't be statically linked.
	*/
	if (ImageHelp == (HINSTANCE)-1) {
		ImageHelp = LoadLibrary("IMAGEHLP.DLL");

		if (ImageHelp != NULL) {
			char const *function_name = NULL;
			unsigned long *fptr = (unsigned long *) &_SymCleanup;
			int count = 0;

			do {
				function_name = ImagehelpFunctionNames[count];
				if (function_name) {
					*fptr = (unsigned long) GetProcAddress(ImageHelp, function_name);
					fptr++;
					count++;
				}
			}
			while (function_name);
		}

		/*
		** Retrieve the programs symbols if they are available. This can be a .pdb or a .dbg file.
		*/
		if (_SymSetOptions != NULL) {
			_SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_DEFERRED_LOADS);
		}

		int symload = 0;

		if (_SymInitialize != NULL && _SymInitialize(GetCurrentProcess(), NULL, FALSE)) {

			if (_SymSetOptions != NULL) {
				_SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_DEFERRED_LOADS | SYMOPT_UNDNAME);
			}

			char exe_name[_MAX_PATH];
			GetModuleFileName(NULL, exe_name, sizeof(exe_name));

			if (_SymLoadModule != NULL) {
				symload = _SymLoadModule(GetCurrentProcess(), NULL, exe_name, NULL, 0, 0);
			}

			if (symload) {
				SymbolsAvailable = true;
			} else {
				//assert (_SymLoadModule != NULL);
				//DebugString ("SymLoad failed for module %s with code %d - %s\n", szModuleName, GetLastError(), Last_Error_Text());
			}
		}
	}
}







/***********************************************************************************************
 * Lookup_Symbol -- Get the symbol for a given code address                                    *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Address of code to get symbol for                                                 *
 *           Ptr to buffer to return symbol in                                                 *
 *           Reference to int to return displacement                                           *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   True if symbol found                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   6/12/2001 4:47PM ST : Created                                                             *
 *=============================================================================================*/
bool Lookup_Symbol(void *code_ptr, char *symbol, int &displacement)
{
	/*
	** Locals.
	*/
	char symbol_struct_buf[1024];
	IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL *symbol_struct_ptr = (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL *)symbol_struct_buf;

	/*
	** Set default values in case of early exit.
	*/
	displacement = 0;
	*symbol = '\0';

	/*
	** Make sure symbols are available.
	*/
	if (!SymbolsAvailable || _SymGetSymFromAddr == NULL) {
		return(false);
	}

	/*
	** If it's a bad code pointer then there is no point in trying to match it with a symbol.
	*/
	if (IsBadCodePtr((FARPROC)code_ptr)) {
		strcpy(symbol, "Bad code pointer");
		return(false);
	}

	/*
	** Set up the parameters for the call to SymGetSymFromAddr
	*/
	memset (symbol_struct_ptr, 0, sizeof (symbol_struct_buf));
	symbol_struct_ptr->SizeOfStruct = sizeof (symbol_struct_buf);
	symbol_struct_ptr->MaxNameLength = sizeof(symbol_struct_buf)-sizeof (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL);
	symbol_struct_ptr->Size = 0;
	symbol_struct_ptr->Address = (unsigned long)code_ptr;

	/*
	** See if we have the symbol for that address.
	*/
	if (_SymGetSymFromAddr(GetCurrentProcess(), (unsigned long)code_ptr, (unsigned long *)&displacement, symbol_struct_ptr)) {

		/*
		** Copy it back into the buffer provided.
		*/
		strcpy(symbol, symbol_struct_ptr->Name);
		return(true);
	}
	return(false);
}




/***********************************************************************************************
 * Stack_Walk -- Walk the stack and get the last n return addresses                            *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 *                                                                                             *
 * INPUT:    Ptr to return address list                                                        *
 *           Number of return addresses to fetch                                               *
 *           Ptr to optional context. NULL means use current                                   *
 *                                                                                             *
 * OUTPUT:   Number of return addresses found                                                  *
 *                                                                                             *
 * WARNINGS: None                                                                              *
 *                                                                                             *
 * HISTORY:                                                                                    *
 *   6/12/2001 11:57AM ST : Created                                                            *
 *=============================================================================================*/
int Stack_Walk(unsigned long *return_addresses, int num_addresses, CONTEXT *context)
{
	static HINSTANCE _imagehelp = (HINSTANCE) -1;

	/*
	** If this is the first time through then fix up the imagehelp function pointers since imagehlp.dll
	** can't be statically linked.
	*/
	if (ImageHelp == (HINSTANCE)-1) {
		Load_Image_Helper();
	}

	/*
	** If there is no debug support .dll available then we can't walk the stack.
	*/
	if (ImageHelp == NULL) {
		return(0);
	}

	/*
	** Set up the stack frame structure for the start point of the stack walk (i.e. here).
	*/
	STACKFRAME stack_frame;
	memset(&stack_frame, 0, sizeof(stack_frame));

	unsigned long reg_eip, reg_ebp, reg_esp;

	__asm {
here:
		lea	eax,here
		mov	reg_eip,eax
		mov	reg_ebp,ebp
		mov	reg_esp,esp
	}

	stack_frame.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
	stack_frame.AddrPC.Offset = reg_eip;
	stack_frame.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
	stack_frame.AddrStack.Offset = reg_esp;
	stack_frame.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
	stack_frame.AddrFrame.Offset = reg_ebp;

	/*
	** Use the context struct if it was provided.
	*/
	if (context) {
		stack_frame.AddrPC.Offset = context->Eip;
		stack_frame.AddrStack.Offset = context->Esp;
		stack_frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context->Ebp;
	}

	int pointer_index = 0;

	/*
	** Walk the stack by the requested number of return address iterations.
	*/
	for (int i = 0; i < num_addresses + 1; i++) {
		if (_StackWalk(IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386, GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentThread(), &stack_frame, NULL, NULL, _SymFunctionTableAccess, _SymGetModuleBase, NULL)) {

			/*
			** First result will always be the return address we were called from.
			*/
			if (i==0 && context == NULL) {
				continue;
			}
			unsigned long return_address = stack_frame.AddrReturn.Offset;
			return_addresses[pointer_index++] = return_address;
		} else {
			break;
		}
	}

	return(pointer_index);
}



void Register_Application_Exception_Callback(void (*app_callback)(void))
{
	AppCallback = app_callback;
}

void Register_Application_Version_Callback(char *(*app_ver_callback)(void))
{
	AppVersionCallback = app_ver_callback;
}



void Set_Exit_On_Exception(bool set)
{
	ExitOnException = true;
}

bool Is_Trying_To_Exit(void)
{
	return(TryingToExit);
}




#endif	//_MSC_VER