godot-docs/classes/class_string.rst

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.. _class_String:

String
======

A built-in type for strings.

.. rst-class:: classref-introduction-group

Description
-----------

This is the built-in string Variant type (and the one used by GDScript). Strings may contain any number of Unicode characters, and expose methods useful for manipulating and generating strings. Strings are reference-counted and use a copy-on-write approach (every modification to a string returns a new **String**), so passing them around is cheap in resources.

Some string methods have corresponding variations. Variations suffixed with ``n`` (:ref:`countn<class_String_method_countn>`, :ref:`findn<class_String_method_findn>`, :ref:`replacen<class_String_method_replacen>`, etc.) are **case-insensitive** (they make no distinction between uppercase and lowercase letters). Method variations prefixed with ``r`` (:ref:`rfind<class_String_method_rfind>`, :ref:`rsplit<class_String_method_rsplit>`, etc.) are reversed, and start from the end of the string, instead of the beginning.

\ **Note:** In a boolean context, a string will evaluate to ``false`` if it is empty (``""``). Otherwise, a string will always evaluate to ``true``. The ``not`` operator cannot be used. Instead, :ref:`is_empty<class_String_method_is_empty>` should be used to check for empty strings.

.. rst-class:: classref-introduction-group

Tutorials
---------

- :doc:`GDScript format strings <../tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string>`

.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group

Constructors
------------

.. table::
   :widths: auto

   +-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`String<class_String_constructor_String>` **(** **)**                                          |
   +-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`String<class_String_constructor_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` from **)**         |
   +-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`String<class_String_constructor_String>` **(** :ref:`NodePath<class_NodePath>` from **)**     |
   +-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`String<class_String_constructor_String>` **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` from **)** |
   +-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group

Methods
-------

.. table::
   :widths: auto

   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`begins_with<class_String_method_begins_with>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|                                                                           |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>`   | :ref:`bigrams<class_String_method_bigrams>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`bin_to_int<class_String_method_bin_to_int>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`c_escape<class_String_method_c_escape>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`c_unescape<class_String_method_c_unescape>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`capitalize<class_String_method_capitalize>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`casecmp_to<class_String_method_casecmp_to>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|                                                                               |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`chr<class_String_method_chr>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` char **)** |static|                                                                                                |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`contains<class_String_method_contains>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what **)** |const|                                                                                 |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`count<class_String_method_count>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0, :ref:`int<class_int>` to=0 **)** |const|                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`countn<class_String_method_countn>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0, :ref:`int<class_int>` to=0 **)** |const|                           |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`dedent<class_String_method_dedent>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`ends_with<class_String_method_ends_with>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|                                                                               |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`erase<class_String_method_erase>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` position, :ref:`int<class_int>` chars=1 **)** |const|                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`find<class_String_method_find>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0 **)** |const|                                                           |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`findn<class_String_method_findn>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0 **)** |const|                                                         |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`format<class_String_method_format>` **(** :ref:`Variant<class_Variant>` values, :ref:`String<class_String>` placeholder="{_}" **)** |const|                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_base_dir<class_String_method_get_base_dir>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_basename<class_String_method_get_basename>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_extension<class_String_method_get_extension>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_file<class_String_method_get_file>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_slice<class_String_method_get_slice>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter, :ref:`int<class_int>` slice **)** |const|                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`get_slice_count<class_String_method_get_slice_count>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter **)** |const|                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`get_slicec<class_String_method_get_slicec>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` delimiter, :ref:`int<class_int>` slice **)** |const|                                                 |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`hash<class_String_method_hash>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`hex_decode<class_String_method_hex_decode>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`hex_to_int<class_String_method_hex_to_int>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`humanize_size<class_String_method_humanize_size>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` size **)** |static|                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`indent<class_String_method_indent>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` prefix **)** |const|                                                                                   |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`insert<class_String_method_insert>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` position, :ref:`String<class_String>` what **)** |const|                                                     |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_absolute_path<class_String_method_is_absolute_path>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_empty<class_String_method_is_empty>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_relative_path<class_String_method_is_relative_path>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_subsequence_of<class_String_method_is_subsequence_of>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|                                                               |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_subsequence_ofn<class_String_method_is_subsequence_ofn>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_filename<class_String_method_is_valid_filename>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_float<class_String_method_is_valid_float>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_hex_number<class_String_method_is_valid_hex_number>` **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` with_prefix=false **)** |const|                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_html_color<class_String_method_is_valid_html_color>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_identifier<class_String_method_is_valid_identifier>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_int<class_String_method_is_valid_int>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`is_valid_ip_address<class_String_method_is_valid_ip_address>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`join<class_String_method_join>` **(** :ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>` parts **)** |const|                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`json_escape<class_String_method_json_escape>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`left<class_String_method_left>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` length **)** |const|                                                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`length<class_String_method_length>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`lpad<class_String_method_lpad>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` min_length, :ref:`String<class_String>` character=" " **)** |const|                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`lstrip<class_String_method_lstrip>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` chars **)** |const|                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`match<class_String_method_match>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` expr **)** |const|                                                                                       |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`                             | :ref:`matchn<class_String_method_matchn>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` expr **)** |const|                                                                                     |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`md5_buffer<class_String_method_md5_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`md5_text<class_String_method_md5_text>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`naturalcasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalcasecmp_to>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|                                                                 |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`naturalnocasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalnocasecmp_to>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`nocasecmp_to<class_String_method_nocasecmp_to>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|                                                                           |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`num<class_String_method_num>` **(** :ref:`float<class_float>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` decimals=-1 **)** |static|                                                       |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`num_int64<class_String_method_num_int64>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` base=10, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` capitalize_hex=false **)** |static|     |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`num_scientific<class_String_method_num_scientific>` **(** :ref:`float<class_float>` number **)** |static|                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`num_uint64<class_String_method_num_uint64>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` base=10, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` capitalize_hex=false **)** |static|   |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`pad_decimals<class_String_method_pad_decimals>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` digits **)** |const|                                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`pad_zeros<class_String_method_pad_zeros>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` digits **)** |const|                                                                                   |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`path_join<class_String_method_path_join>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` file **)** |const|                                                                               |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`repeat<class_String_method_repeat>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` count **)** |const|                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`replace<class_String_method_replace>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`String<class_String>` forwhat **)** |const|                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`replacen<class_String_method_replacen>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`String<class_String>` forwhat **)** |const|                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`rfind<class_String_method_rfind>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=-1 **)** |const|                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`rfindn<class_String_method_rfindn>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=-1 **)** |const|                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`right<class_String_method_right>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` length **)** |const|                                                                                           |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`rpad<class_String_method_rpad>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` min_length, :ref:`String<class_String>` character=" " **)** |const|                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>`   | :ref:`rsplit<class_String_method_rsplit>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter="", :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true, :ref:`int<class_int>` maxsplit=0 **)** |const| |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`rstrip<class_String_method_rstrip>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` chars **)** |const|                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`sha1_buffer<class_String_method_sha1_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`sha1_text<class_String_method_sha1_text>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`sha256_buffer<class_String_method_sha256_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`sha256_text<class_String_method_sha256_text>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                            |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`float<class_float>`                           | :ref:`similarity<class_String_method_similarity>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|                                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`simplify_path<class_String_method_simplify_path>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>`   | :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter="", :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true, :ref:`int<class_int>` maxsplit=0 **)** |const|   |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedFloat64Array<class_PackedFloat64Array>` | :ref:`split_floats<class_String_method_split_floats>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true **)** |const|                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`strip_edges<class_String_method_strip_edges>` **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` left=true, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` right=true **)** |const|                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`strip_escapes<class_String_method_strip_escapes>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`substr<class_String_method_substr>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` from, :ref:`int<class_int>` len=-1 **)** |const|                                                             |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`to_ascii_buffer<class_String_method_to_ascii_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`to_camel_case<class_String_method_to_camel_case>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`float<class_float>`                           | :ref:`to_float<class_String_method_to_float>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`to_int<class_String_method_to_int>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`to_lower<class_String_method_to_lower>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`to_pascal_case<class_String_method_to_pascal_case>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`to_snake_case<class_String_method_to_snake_case>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                        |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`to_upper<class_String_method_to_upper>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`to_utf8_buffer<class_String_method_to_utf8_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`to_utf16_buffer<class_String_method_to_utf16_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`to_utf32_buffer<class_String_method_to_utf32_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`       | :ref:`to_wchar_buffer<class_String_method_to_wchar_buffer>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                    |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`trim_prefix<class_String_method_trim_prefix>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` prefix **)** |const|                                                                         |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`trim_suffix<class_String_method_trim_suffix>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` suffix **)** |const|                                                                         |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`int<class_int>`                               | :ref:`unicode_at<class_String_method_unicode_at>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` at **)** |const|                                                                                     |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`uri_decode<class_String_method_uri_decode>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`uri_encode<class_String_method_uri_encode>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`validate_filename<class_String_method_validate_filename>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`validate_node_name<class_String_method_validate_node_name>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                              |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`xml_escape<class_String_method_xml_escape>` **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` escape_quotes=false **)** |const|                                                                  |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>`                         | :ref:`xml_unescape<class_String_method_xml_unescape>` **(** **)** |const|                                                                                                          |
   +-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group

Operators
---------

.. table::
   :widths: auto

   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator !=<class_String_operator_neq_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**             |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator !=<class_String_operator_neq_StringName>` **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)** |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`operator %<class_String_operator_mod_Variant>` **(** :ref:`Variant<class_Variant>` right **)**           |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`operator +<class_String_operator_sum_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**              |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`operator +<class_String_operator_sum_StringName>` **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)**  |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator \<<class_String_operator_lt_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**              |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator \<=<class_String_operator_lte_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**            |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator ==<class_String_operator_eq_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**              |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator ==<class_String_operator_eq_StringName>` **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)**  |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator ><class_String_operator_gt_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**               |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`bool<class_bool>`     | :ref:`operator >=<class_String_operator_gte_String>` **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**             |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | :ref:`String<class_String>` | :ref:`operator []<class_String_operator_idx_int>` **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` index **)**                      |
   +-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group

Constructor Descriptions
------------------------

.. _class_String_constructor_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-constructor

:ref:`String<class_String>` **String** **(** **)**

Constructs an empty **String** (``""``).

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-constructor

:ref:`String<class_String>` **String** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` from **)**

Constructs a **String** as a copy of the given **String**.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-constructor

:ref:`String<class_String>` **String** **(** :ref:`NodePath<class_NodePath>` from **)**

Constructs a new **String** from the given :ref:`NodePath<class_NodePath>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-constructor

:ref:`String<class_String>` **String** **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` from **)**

Constructs a new **String** from the given :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group

Method Descriptions
-------------------

.. _class_String_method_begins_with:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **begins_with** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string begins with the given ``text``. See also :ref:`ends_with<class_String_method_ends_with>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_bigrams:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>` **bigrams** **(** **)** |const|

Returns an array containing the bigrams (pairs of consecutive characters) of this string.

::

    print("Get up!".bigrams()) # Prints ["Ge", "et", "t ", " u", "up", "p!"]

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_bin_to_int:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **bin_to_int** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string representing a binary number into an :ref:`int<class_int>`. The string may optionally be prefixed with ``"0b"``, and an additional ``-`` prefix for negative numbers.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    print("101".bin_to_int())   # Prints 5
    print("0b101".bin_to_int()) # Prints 5
    print("-0b10".bin_to_int()) # Prints -2

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    GD.Print("101".BinToInt());   // Prints 5
    GD.Print("0b101".BinToInt()); // Prints 5
    GD.Print("-0b10".BinToInt()); // Prints -2



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_c_escape:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **c_escape** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with special characters escaped using the C language standard.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_c_unescape:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **c_unescape** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with escaped characters replaced by their meanings. Supported escape sequences are ``\'``, ``\"``, ``\\``, ``\a``, ``\b``, ``\f``, ``\n``, ``\r``, ``\t``, ``\v``.

\ **Note:** Unlike the GDScript parser, this method doesn't support the ``\uXXXX`` escape sequence.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_capitalize:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **capitalize** **(** **)** |const|

Changes the appearance of the string: replaces underscores (``_``) with spaces, adds spaces before uppercase letters in the middle of a word, converts all letters to lowercase, then converts the first one and each one following a space to uppercase.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    "move_local_x".capitalize()   # Returns "Move Local X"
    "sceneFile_path".capitalize() # Returns "Scene File Path"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    "move_local_x".Capitalize();   // Returns "Move Local X"
    "sceneFile_path".Capitalize(); // Returns "Scene File Path"



\ **Note:** This method not the same as the default appearance of properties in the Inspector dock, as it does not capitalize acronyms (``"2D"``, ``"FPS"``, ``"PNG"``, etc.) as you may expect.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_casecmp_to:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **casecmp_to** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|

Performs a case-sensitive comparison to another string. Returns ``-1`` if less than, ``1`` if greater than, or ``0`` if equal. "Less than" and "greater than" are determined by the `Unicode code points <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__ of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order.

With different string lengths, returns ``1`` if this string is longer than the ``to`` string, or ``-1`` if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is *always* ``0``.

To get a :ref:`bool<class_bool>` result from a string comparison, use the ``==`` operator instead. See also :ref:`nocasecmp_to<class_String_method_nocasecmp_to>`, :ref:`naturalcasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalcasecmp_to>`, and :ref:`naturalnocasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalnocasecmp_to>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_chr:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **chr** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` char **)** |static|

Returns a single Unicode character from the decimal ``char``. You may use `unicodelookup.com <https://unicodelookup.com/>`__ or `unicode.org <https://www.unicode.org/charts/>`__ as points of reference.

::

    print(String.chr(65))     # Prints "A"
    print(String.chr(129302)) # Prints "🤖" (robot face emoji)

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_contains:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **contains** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string contains ``what``. In GDScript, this corresponds to the ``in`` operator.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    print("Node".contains("de")) # Prints true
    print("team".contains("I"))  # Prints false
    print("I" in "team")         # Prints false

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    GD.Print("Node".Contains("de")); // Prints true
    GD.Print("team".Contains("I"));  // Prints false



If you need to know where ``what`` is within the string, use :ref:`find<class_String_method_find>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_count:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **count** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0, :ref:`int<class_int>` to=0 **)** |const|

Returns the number of occurrences of the substring ``what`` between ``from`` and ``to`` positions. If ``to`` is 0, the search continues until the end of the string.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_countn:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **countn** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0, :ref:`int<class_int>` to=0 **)** |const|

Returns the number of occurrences of the substring ``what`` between ``from`` and ``to`` positions, **ignoring case**. If ``to`` is 0, the search continues until the end of the string.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_dedent:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **dedent** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with indentation (leading tabs and spaces) removed. See also :ref:`indent<class_String_method_indent>` to add indentation.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_ends_with:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **ends_with** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string ends with the given ``text``. See also :ref:`begins_with<class_String_method_begins_with>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_erase:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **erase** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` position, :ref:`int<class_int>` chars=1 **)** |const|

Returns a string with ``chars`` characters erased starting from ``position``. If ``chars`` goes beyond the string's length given the specified ``position``, fewer characters will be erased from the returned string. Returns an empty string if either ``position`` or ``chars`` is negative. Returns the original string unmodified if ``chars`` is ``0``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_find:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **find** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0 **)** |const|

Returns the index of the **first** occurrence of ``what`` in this string, or ``-1`` if there are none. The search's start can be specified with ``from``, continuing to the end of the string.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    print("Team".find("I")) # Prints -1
    
    print("Potato".find("t"))    # Prints 2
    print("Potato".find("t", 3)) # Prints 4
    print("Potato".find("t", 5)) # Prints -1

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    GD.Print("Team".Find("I")); // Prints -1
    
    GD.Print("Potato".Find("t"));    // Prints 2
    GD.Print("Potato".Find("t", 3)); // Prints 4
    GD.Print("Potato".Find("t", 5)); // Prints -1



\ **Note:** If you just want to know whether the string contains ``what``, use :ref:`contains<class_String_method_contains>`. In GDScript, you may also use the ``in`` operator.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_findn:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **findn** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=0 **)** |const|

Returns the index of the **first** **case-insensitive** occurrence of ``what`` in this string, or ``-1`` if there are none. The starting search index can be specified with ``from``, continuing to the end of the string.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_format:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **format** **(** :ref:`Variant<class_Variant>` values, :ref:`String<class_String>` placeholder="{_}" **)** |const|

Formats the string by replacing all occurrences of ``placeholder`` with the elements of ``values``.

\ ``values`` can be a :ref:`Dictionary<class_Dictionary>` or an :ref:`Array<class_Array>`. Any underscores in ``placeholder`` will be replaced with the corresponding keys in advance. Array elements use their index as keys.

::

    # Prints "Waiting for Godot is a play by Samuel Beckett, and Godot Engine is named after it."
    var use_array_values = "Waiting for {0} is a play by {1}, and {0} Engine is named after it."
    print(use_array_values.format(["Godot", "Samuel Beckett"]))
    
    # Prints "User 42 is Godot."
    print("User {id} is {name}.".format({"id": 42, "name": "Godot"}))

Some additional handling is performed when ``values`` is an :ref:`Array<class_Array>`. If ``placeholder`` does not contain an underscore, the elements of the ``values`` array will be used to replace one occurrence of the placeholder in order; If an element of ``values`` is another 2-element array, it'll be interpreted as a key-value pair.

::

    # Prints "User 42 is Godot."
    print("User {} is {}.".format([42, "Godot"], "{}"))
    print("User {id} is {name}.".format([["id", 42], ["name", "Godot"]]))

See also the :doc:`GDScript format string <../tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string>` tutorial.

\ **Note:** In C#, it's recommended to `interpolate strings with "$" <https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/tokens/interpolated>`__, instead.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_base_dir:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_base_dir** **(** **)** |const|

If the string is a valid file path, returns the base directory name.

::

    var dir_path = "/path/to/file.txt".get_base_dir() # dir_path is "/path/to"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_basename:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_basename** **(** **)** |const|

If the string is a valid file path, returns the full file path, without the extension.

::

    var base = "/path/to/file.txt".get_basename() # base is "/path/to/file"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_extension:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_extension** **(** **)** |const|

If the string is a valid file name or path, returns the file extension without the leading period (``.``). Otherwise, returns an empty string.

::

    var a = "/path/to/file.txt".get_extension() # a is "txt"
    var b = "cool.txt".get_extension()          # b is "txt"
    var c = "cool.font.tres".get_extension()    # c is "tres"
    var d = ".pack1".get_extension()            # d is "pack1"
    
    var e = "file.txt.".get_extension()  # e is ""
    var f = "file.txt..".get_extension() # f is ""
    var g = "txt".get_extension()        # g is ""
    var h = "".get_extension()           # h is ""

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_file:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_file** **(** **)** |const|

If the string is a valid file path, returns the file name, including the extension.

::

    var file = "/path/to/icon.png".get_file() # file is "icon.png"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_slice:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_slice** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter, :ref:`int<class_int>` slice **)** |const|

Splits the string using a ``delimiter`` and returns the substring at index ``slice``. Returns the original string if ``delimiter`` does not occur in the string. Returns an empty string if the ``slice`` does not exist.

This is faster than :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>`, if you only need one substring.

\ **Example:**\ 

::

    print("i/am/example/hi".get_slice("/", 2)) # Prints "example"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_slice_count:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **get_slice_count** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter **)** |const|

Returns the total number of slices when the string is split with the given ``delimiter`` (see :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>`).

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_get_slicec:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **get_slicec** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` delimiter, :ref:`int<class_int>` slice **)** |const|

Splits the string using a Unicode character with code ``delimiter`` and returns the substring at index ``slice``. Returns an empty string if the ``slice`` does not exist.

This is faster than :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>`, if you only need one substring.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_hash:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **hash** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the 32-bit hash value representing the string's contents.

\ **Note:** Strings with equal hash values are *not* guaranteed to be the same, as a result of hash collisions. On the countrary, strings with different hash values are guaranteed to be different.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_hex_decode:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **hex_decode** **(** **)** |const|

Decodes a hexadecimal string as a :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var text = "hello world"
    var encoded = text.to_utf8_buffer().hex_encode() # outputs "68656c6c6f20776f726c64"
    print(buf.hex_decode().get_string_from_utf8())

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    var text = "hello world";
    var encoded = text.ToUtf8Buffer().HexEncode(); // outputs "68656c6c6f20776f726c64"
    GD.Print(buf.HexDecode().GetStringFromUtf8());



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_hex_to_int:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **hex_to_int** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string representing a hexadecimal number into an :ref:`int<class_int>`. The string may be optionally prefixed with ``"0x"``, and an additional ``-`` prefix for negative numbers.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    print("0xff".hex_to_int()) # Prints 255
    print("ab".hex_to_int())   # Prints 171

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    GD.Print("0xff".HexToInt()); // Prints 255
    GD.Print("ab".HexToInt());   // Prints 171



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_humanize_size:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **humanize_size** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` size **)** |static|

Converts ``size`` which represents a number of bytes into a human-readable form.

The result is in `IEC prefix format <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix#IEC_prefixes>`__, which may end in either ``"B"``, ``"KiB"``, ``"MiB"``, ``"GiB"``, ``"TiB"``, ``"PiB"``, or ``"EiB"``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_indent:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **indent** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` prefix **)** |const|

Indents every line of the string with the given ``prefix``. Empty lines are not indented. See also :ref:`dedent<class_String_method_dedent>` to remove indentation.

For example, the string can be indented with two tabulations using ``"\t\t"``, or four spaces using ``"    "``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_insert:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **insert** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` position, :ref:`String<class_String>` what **)** |const|

Inserts ``what`` at the given ``position`` in the string.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_absolute_path:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_absolute_path** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string is a path to a file or directory, and its starting point is explicitly defined. This method is the opposite of :ref:`is_relative_path<class_String_method_is_relative_path>`.

This includes all paths starting with ``"res://"``, ``"user://"``, ``"C:\"``, ``"/"``, etc.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_empty:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_empty** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string's length is ``0`` (``""``). See also :ref:`length<class_String_method_length>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_relative_path:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_relative_path** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if the string is a path, and its starting point is dependent on context. The path could begin from the current directory, or the current :ref:`Node<class_Node>` (if the string is derived from a :ref:`NodePath<class_NodePath>`), and may sometimes be prefixed with ``"./"``. This method is the opposite of :ref:`is_absolute_path<class_String_method_is_absolute_path>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_subsequence_of:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_subsequence_of** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if all characters of this string can be found in ``text`` in their original order.

::

    var text = "Wow, incredible!"
    
    print("inedible".is_subsequence_of(text)) # Prints true
    print("Word!".is_subsequence_of(text))    # Prints true
    print("Window".is_subsequence_of(text))   # Prints false
    print("".is_subsequence_of(text))         # Prints true

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_subsequence_ofn:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_subsequence_ofn** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if all characters of this string can be found in ``text`` in their original order, **ignoring case**.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_filename:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_filename** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string does not contain characters that are not allowed in file names (``:`` ``/`` ``\`` ``?`` ``*`` ``"`` ``|`` ``%`` ``<`` ``>``).

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_float:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_float** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string represents a valid floating-point number. A valid float may contain only digits, one decimal point (``.``), and the exponent letter (``e``). It may also be prefixed with a positive (``+``) or negative (``-``) sign. Any valid integer is also a valid float (see :ref:`is_valid_int<class_String_method_is_valid_int>`). See also :ref:`to_float<class_String_method_to_float>`.

::

    print("1.7".is_valid_float())   # Prints true
    print("24".is_valid_float())    # Prints true
    print("7e3".is_valid_float())   # Prints true
    print("Hello".is_valid_float()) # Prints false

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_hex_number:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_hex_number** **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` with_prefix=false **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string is a valid hexadecimal number. A valid hexadecimal number only contains digits or letters ``A`` to ``F`` (either uppercase or lowercase), and may be prefixed with a positive (``+``) or negative (``-``) sign.

If ``with_prefix`` is ``true``, the hexadecimal number needs to prefixed by ``"0x"`` to be considered valid.

::

    print("A08E".is_valid_hex_number())    # Prints true
    print("-AbCdEf".is_valid_hex_number()) # Prints true
    print("2.5".is_valid_hex_number())     # Prints false
    
    print("0xDEADC0DE".is_valid_hex_number(true)) # Prints true

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_html_color:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_html_color** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string is a valid color in hexadecimal HTML notation. The string must be a hexadecimal value (see :ref:`is_valid_hex_number<class_String_method_is_valid_hex_number>`) of either 3, 4, 6 or 8 digits, and may be prefixed by a hash sign (``#``). Other HTML notations for colors, such as names or ``hsl()``, are not considered valid. See also :ref:`Color.html<class_Color_method_html>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_identifier:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_identifier** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string is a valid identifier. A valid identifier may contain only letters, digits and underscores (``_``), and the first character may not be a digit.

::

    print("node_2d".is_valid_identifier())    # Prints true
    print("TYPE_FLOAT".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints true
    print("1st_method".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints false
    print("MyMethod#2".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints false

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_int:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_int** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string represents a valid integer. A valid integer only contains digits, and may be prefixed with a positive (``+``) or negative (``-``) sign. See also :ref:`to_int<class_String_method_to_int>`.

::

    print("7".is_valid_int())    # Prints true
    print("1.65".is_valid_int()) # Prints false
    print("Hi".is_valid_int())   # Prints false
    print("+3".is_valid_int())   # Prints true
    print("-12".is_valid_int())  # Prints true

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_is_valid_ip_address:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_valid_ip_address** **(** **)** |const|

Returns ``true`` if this string represents a well-formatted IPv4 or IPv6 address. This method considers `reserved IP addresses <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses>`__ such as ``"0.0.0.0"`` and ``"ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff"`` as valid.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_join:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **join** **(** :ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>` parts **)** |const|

Returns the concatenation of ``parts``' elements, with each element separated by the string calling this method. This method is the opposite of :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>`.

\ **Example:**\ 


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Kiwi"]
    
    print(", ".join(fruits))  # Prints "Apple, Orange, Pear, Kiwi"
    print("---".join(fruits)) # Prints "Apple---Orange---Pear---Kiwi"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    var fruits = new string[] {"Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Kiwi"};
    
    // In C#, this method is static.
    GD.Print(string.Join(", ", fruits));  // Prints "Apple, Orange, Pear, Kiwi"
    GD.Print(string.Join("---", fruits)); // Prints "Apple---Orange---Pear---Kiwi"



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_json_escape:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **json_escape** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with special characters escaped using the JSON standard. Because it closely matches the C standard, it is possible to use :ref:`c_unescape<class_String_method_c_unescape>` to unescape the string, if necessary.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_left:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **left** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` length **)** |const|

Returns the first ``length`` characters from the beginning of the string. If ``length`` is negative, strips the last ``length`` characters from the string's end.

::

    print("Hello World!".left(3))  # Prints "Hel"
    print("Hello World!".left(-4)) # Prints "Hello Wo"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_length:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **length** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the number of characters in the string. Empty strings (``""``) always return ``0``. See also :ref:`is_empty<class_String_method_is_empty>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_lpad:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **lpad** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` min_length, :ref:`String<class_String>` character=" " **)** |const|

Formats the string to be at least ``min_length`` long by adding ``character``\ s to the left of the string, if necessary. See also :ref:`rpad<class_String_method_rpad>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_lstrip:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **lstrip** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` chars **)** |const|

Removes a set of characters defined in ``chars`` from the string's beginning. See also :ref:`rstrip<class_String_method_rstrip>`.

\ **Note:** ``chars`` is not a prefix. Use :ref:`trim_prefix<class_String_method_trim_prefix>` to remove a single prefix, rather than a set of characters.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_match:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **match** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` expr **)** |const|

Does a simple expression match (also called "glob" or "globbing"), where ``*`` matches zero or more arbitrary characters and ``?`` matches any single character except a period (``.``). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to ``false``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_matchn:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **matchn** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` expr **)** |const|

Does a simple **case-insensitive** expression match, where ``*`` matches zero or more arbitrary characters and ``?`` matches any single character except a period (``.``). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to ``false``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_md5_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **md5_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `MD5 hash <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5>`__ of the string as a :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_md5_text:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **md5_text** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `MD5 hash <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5>`__ of the string as another **String**.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_naturalcasecmp_to:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **naturalcasecmp_to** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|

Performs a **case-sensitive**, *natural order* comparison to another string. Returns ``-1`` if less than, ``1`` if greater than, or ``0`` if equal. "Less than" or "greater than" are determined by the `Unicode code points <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__ of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order.

When used for sorting, natural order comparison orders sequences of numbers by the combined value of each digit as is often expected, instead of the single digit's value. A sorted sequence of numbered strings will be ``["1", "2", "3", ...]``, not ``["1", "10", "2", "3", ...]``.

With different string lengths, returns ``1`` if this string is longer than the ``to`` string, or ``-1`` if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is *always* ``0``.

To get a :ref:`bool<class_bool>` result from a string comparison, use the ``==`` operator instead. See also :ref:`naturalnocasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalnocasecmp_to>`, :ref:`nocasecmp_to<class_String_method_nocasecmp_to>`, and :ref:`casecmp_to<class_String_method_casecmp_to>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_naturalnocasecmp_to:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **naturalnocasecmp_to** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|

Performs a **case-insensitive**, *natural order* comparison to another string. Returns ``-1`` if less than, ``1`` if greater than, or ``0`` if equal. "Less than" or "greater than" are determined by the `Unicode code points <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__ of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters are converted to uppercase for the comparison.

When used for sorting, natural order comparison orders sequences of numbers by the combined value of each digit as is often expected, instead of the single digit's value. A sorted sequence of numbered strings will be ``["1", "2", "3", ...]``, not ``["1", "10", "2", "3", ...]``.

With different string lengths, returns ``1`` if this string is longer than the ``to`` string, or ``-1`` if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is *always* ``0``.

To get a :ref:`bool<class_bool>` result from a string comparison, use the ``==`` operator instead. See also :ref:`naturalcasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalcasecmp_to>`, :ref:`nocasecmp_to<class_String_method_nocasecmp_to>`, and :ref:`casecmp_to<class_String_method_casecmp_to>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_nocasecmp_to:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **nocasecmp_to** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` to **)** |const|

Performs a **case-insensitive** comparison to another string. Returns ``-1`` if less than, ``1`` if greater than, or ``0`` if equal. "Less than" or "greater than" are determined by the `Unicode code points <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__ of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters are converted to uppercase for the comparison.

With different string lengths, returns ``1`` if this string is longer than the ``to`` string, or ``-1`` if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is *always* ``0``.

To get a :ref:`bool<class_bool>` result from a string comparison, use the ``==`` operator instead. See also :ref:`casecmp_to<class_String_method_casecmp_to>`, :ref:`naturalcasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalcasecmp_to>`, and :ref:`naturalnocasecmp_to<class_String_method_naturalnocasecmp_to>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_num:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **num** **(** :ref:`float<class_float>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` decimals=-1 **)** |static|

Converts a :ref:`float<class_float>` to a string representation of a decimal number, with the number of decimal places specified in ``decimals``.

If ``decimals`` is ``-1`` as by default, the string representation may only have up to 14 significant digits, with digits before the decimal point having priority over digits after.

Trailing zeros are not included in the string. The last digit is rounded, not truncated.

\ **Example:**\ 

::

    String.num(3.141593)     # Returns "3.141593"
    String.num(3.141593, 3)  # Returns "3.142"
    String.num(3.14159300)   # Returns "3.141593"
    
    # Here, the last digit will be rounded up,
    # which reduces the total digit count, since trailing zeros are removed:
    String.num(42.129999, 5) # Returns "42.13"
    
    # If `decimals` is not specified, the maximum number of significant digits is 14:
    String.num(-0.0000012345432123454321)     # Returns "-0.00000123454321"
    String.num(-10000.0000012345432123454321) # Returns "-10000.0000012345"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_num_int64:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **num_int64** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` base=10, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` capitalize_hex=false **)** |static|

Converts the given ``number`` to a string representation, with the given ``base``.

By default, ``base`` is set to decimal (``10``). Other common bases in programming include binary (``2``), `octal <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octal>`__ (``8``), hexadecimal (``16``).

If ``capitalize_hex`` is ``true``, digits higher than 9 are represented in uppercase.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_num_scientific:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **num_scientific** **(** :ref:`float<class_float>` number **)** |static|

Converts the given ``number`` to a string representation, in scientific notation.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var n = -5.2e8
    print(n)                       # Prints -520000000
    print(String.NumScientific(n)) # Prints -5.2e+08

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    // This method is not implemented in C#.
    // Use `string.ToString()` with "e" to achieve similar results.
    var n = -5.2e8f;
    GD.Print(n);                // Prints -520000000
    GD.Print(n.ToString("e1")); // Prints -5.2e+008



\ **Note:** In C#, this method is not implemented. To achieve similar results, see C#'s `Standard numeric format strings <https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/standard-numeric-format-strings>`__

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_num_uint64:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **num_uint64** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` number, :ref:`int<class_int>` base=10, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` capitalize_hex=false **)** |static|

Converts the given unsigned :ref:`int<class_int>` to a string representation, with the given ``base``.

By default, ``base`` is set to decimal (``10``). Other common bases in programming include binary (``2``), `octal <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octal>`__ (``8``), hexadecimal (``16``).

If ``capitalize_hex`` is ``true``, digits higher than 9 are represented in uppercase.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_pad_decimals:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **pad_decimals** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` digits **)** |const|

Formats the string representing a number to have an exact number of ``digits`` *after* the decimal point.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_pad_zeros:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **pad_zeros** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` digits **)** |const|

Formats the string representing a number to have an exact number of ``digits`` *before* the decimal point.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_path_join:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **path_join** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` file **)** |const|

Concatenates ``file`` at the end of the string as a subpath, adding ``/`` if necessary.

\ **Example:** ``"this/is".path_join("path") == "this/is/path"``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_repeat:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **repeat** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` count **)** |const|

Repeats this string a number of times. ``count`` needs to be greater than ``0``. Otherwise, returns an empty string.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_replace:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **replace** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`String<class_String>` forwhat **)** |const|

Replaces all occurrences of ``what`` inside the string with the given ``forwhat``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_replacen:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **replacen** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`String<class_String>` forwhat **)** |const|

Replaces all **case-insensitive** occurrences of ``what`` inside the string with the given ``forwhat``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_rfind:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **rfind** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=-1 **)** |const|

Returns the index of the **last** occurrence of ``what`` in this string, or ``-1`` if there are none. The search's start can be specified with ``from``, continuing to the beginning of the string. This method is the reverse of :ref:`find<class_String_method_find>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_rfindn:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **rfindn** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` what, :ref:`int<class_int>` from=-1 **)** |const|

Returns the index of the **last** **case-insensitive** occurrence of ``what`` in this string, or ``-1`` if there are none. The starting search index can be specified with ``from``, continuing to the beginning of the string. This method is the reverse of :ref:`findn<class_String_method_findn>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_right:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **right** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` length **)** |const|

Returns the last ``length`` characters from the end of the string. If ``length`` is negative, strips the first ``length`` characters from the string's beginning.

::

    print("Hello World!".right(3))  # Prints "ld!"
    print("Hello World!".right(-4)) # Prints "o World!"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_rpad:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **rpad** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` min_length, :ref:`String<class_String>` character=" " **)** |const|

Formats the string to be at least ``min_length`` long, by adding ``character``\ s to the right of the string, if necessary. See also :ref:`lpad<class_String_method_lpad>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_rsplit:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>` **rsplit** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter="", :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true, :ref:`int<class_int>` maxsplit=0 **)** |const|

Splits the string using a ``delimiter`` and returns an array of the substrings, starting from the end of the string. The splits in the returned array appear in the same order as the original string. If ``delimiter`` is an empty string, each substring will be a single character.

If ``allow_empty`` is ``false``, empty strings between adjacent delimiters are excluded from the array.

If ``maxsplit`` is greater than ``0``, the number of splits may not exceed ``maxsplit``. By default, the entire string is split, which is mostly identical to :ref:`split<class_String_method_split>`.

\ **Example:**\ 


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var some_string = "One,Two,Three,Four"
    var some_array = some_string.rsplit(",", true, 1)
    
    print(some_array.size()) # Prints 2
    print(some_array[0])     # Prints "One,Two,Three"
    print(some_array[1])     # Prints "Four"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    // In C#, there is no String.RSplit() method.



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_rstrip:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **rstrip** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` chars **)** |const|

Removes a set of characters defined in ``chars`` from the string's end. See also :ref:`lstrip<class_String_method_lstrip>`.

\ **Note:** ``chars`` is not a suffix. Use :ref:`trim_suffix<class_String_method_trim_suffix>` to remove a single suffix, rather than a set of characters.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_sha1_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **sha1_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `SHA-1 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1>`__ hash of the string as a :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_sha1_text:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **sha1_text** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `SHA-1 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1>`__ hash of the string as another **String**.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_sha256_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **sha256_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `SHA-256 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2>`__ hash of the string as a :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_sha256_text:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **sha256_text** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the `SHA-256 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2>`__ hash of the string as another **String**.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_similarity:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`float<class_float>` **similarity** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` text **)** |const|

Returns the similarity index (`Sorensen-Dice coefficient <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rensen%E2%80%93Dice_coefficient>`__) of this string compared to another. A result of ``1.0`` means totally similar, while ``0.0`` means totally dissimilar.

::

    print("ABC123".similarity("ABC123")) # Prints 1.0
    print("ABC123".similarity("XYZ456")) # Prints 0.0
    print("ABC123".similarity("123ABC")) # Prints 0.8
    print("ABC123".similarity("abc123")) # Prints 0.4

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_simplify_path:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **simplify_path** **(** **)** |const|

If the string is a valid file path, converts the string into a canonical path. This is the shortest possible path, without ``"./"``, and all the unnecessary ``".."`` and ``"/"``.

::

    var simple_path = "./path/to///../file".simplify_path()
    print(simple_path) # Prints "path/file"

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_split:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedStringArray<class_PackedStringArray>` **split** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter="", :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true, :ref:`int<class_int>` maxsplit=0 **)** |const|

Splits the string using a ``delimiter`` and returns an array of the substrings. If ``delimiter`` is an empty string, each substring will be a single character. This method is the opposite of :ref:`join<class_String_method_join>`.

If ``allow_empty`` is ``false``, empty strings between adjacent delimiters are excluded from the array.

If ``maxsplit`` is greater than ``0``, the number of splits may not exceed ``maxsplit``. By default, the entire string is split.

\ **Example:**\ 


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var some_array = "One,Two,Three,Four".split(",", true, 2)
    
    print(some_array.size()) # Prints 3
    print(some_array[0])     # Prints "One"
    print(some_array[1])     # Prints "Two"
    print(some_array[2])     # Prints "Three,Four"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    // C#'s `Split()` does not support the `maxsplit` parameter.
    var someArray = "One,Two,Three".Split(",");
    
    GD.Print(someArray[0]); // Prints "One"
    GD.Print(someArray[1]); // Prints "Two"
    GD.Print(someArray[2]); // Prints "Three"



\ **Note:** If you only need one substring from the array, consider using :ref:`get_slice<class_String_method_get_slice>` which is faster. If you need to split strings with more complex rules, use the :ref:`RegEx<class_RegEx>` class instead.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_split_floats:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedFloat64Array<class_PackedFloat64Array>` **split_floats** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` delimiter, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` allow_empty=true **)** |const|

Splits the string into floats by using a ``delimiter`` and returns a :ref:`PackedFloat64Array<class_PackedFloat64Array>`.

If ``allow_empty`` is ``false``, empty or invalid :ref:`float<class_float>` conversions between adjacent delimiters are excluded.

::

    var a = "1,2,4.5".split_floats(",")         # a is [1.0, 2.0, 4.5]
    var c = "1| ||4.5".split_floats("|")        # c is [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 4.5]
    var b = "1| ||4.5".split_floats("|", false) # b is [1.0, 4.5]

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_strip_edges:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **strip_edges** **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` left=true, :ref:`bool<class_bool>` right=true **)** |const|

Strips all non-printable characters from the beginning and the end of the string. These include spaces, tabulations (``\t``), and newlines (``\n`` ``\r``).

If ``left`` is ``false``, ignores the string's beginning. Likewise, if ``right`` is ``false``, ignores the string's end.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_strip_escapes:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **strip_escapes** **(** **)** |const|

Strips all escape characters from the string. These include all non-printable control characters of the first page of the ASCII table (values from 0 to 31), such as tabulation (``\t``) and newline (``\n``, ``\r``) characters, but *not* spaces.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_substr:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **substr** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` from, :ref:`int<class_int>` len=-1 **)** |const|

Returns part of the string from the position ``from`` with length ``len``. If ``len`` is ``-1`` (as by default), returns the rest of the string starting from the given position.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_ascii_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **to_ascii_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string to an `ASCII <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII>`__/Latin-1 encoded :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`. This method is slightly faster than :ref:`to_utf8_buffer<class_String_method_to_utf8_buffer>`, but replaces all unsupported characters with spaces.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_camel_case:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **to_camel_case** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the string converted to ``camelCase``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_float:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`float<class_float>` **to_float** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string representing a decimal number into a :ref:`float<class_float>`. This method stops on the first non-number character, except the first decimal point (``.``) and the exponent letter (``e``). See also :ref:`is_valid_float<class_String_method_is_valid_float>`.

::

    var a = "12.35".to_float()  # a is 12.35
    var b = "1.2.3".to_float()  # b is 1.2
    var c = "12xy3".to_float()  # c is 12.0
    var d = "1e3".to_float()    # d is 1000.0
    var e = "Hello!".to_float() # e is 0.0

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_int:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **to_int** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string representing an integer number into an :ref:`int<class_int>`. This method removes any non-number character and stops at the first decimal point (``.``). See also :ref:`is_valid_int<class_String_method_is_valid_int>`.

::

    var a = "123".to_int()    # a is 123
    var b = "x1y2z3".to_int() # b is 123
    var c = "-1.2.3".to_int() # c is -1
    var d = "Hello!".to_int() # d is 0

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_lower:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **to_lower** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the string converted to lowercase.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_pascal_case:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **to_pascal_case** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the string converted to ``PascalCase``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_snake_case:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **to_snake_case** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the string converted to ``snake_case``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_upper:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **to_upper** **(** **)** |const|

Returns the string converted to uppercase.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_utf8_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **to_utf8_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string to a `UTF-8 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8>`__ encoded :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`. This method is slightly slower than :ref:`to_ascii_buffer<class_String_method_to_ascii_buffer>`, but supports all UTF-8 characters. For most cases, prefer using this method.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_utf16_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **to_utf16_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string to a `UTF-16 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16>`__ encoded :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_utf32_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **to_utf32_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string to a `UTF-32 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-32>`__ encoded :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_to_wchar_buffer:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **to_wchar_buffer** **(** **)** |const|

Converts the string to a `wide character <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_character>`__ (``wchar_t``, UTF-16 on Windows, UTF-32 on other platforms) encoded :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_trim_prefix:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **trim_prefix** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` prefix **)** |const|

Removes the given ``prefix`` from the start of the string, or returns the string unchanged.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_trim_suffix:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **trim_suffix** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` suffix **)** |const|

Removes the given ``suffix`` from the end of the string, or returns the string unchanged.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_unicode_at:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`int<class_int>` **unicode_at** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` at **)** |const|

Returns the character code at position ``at``.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_uri_decode:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **uri_decode** **(** **)** |const|

Decodes the string from its URL-encoded format. This method is meant to properly decode the parameters in a URL when receiving an HTTP request. See also :ref:`uri_encode<class_String_method_uri_encode>`.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var url = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs"
    print(url.uri_decode()) # Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot Engine:docs"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    var url = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs"
    GD.Print(url.URIDecode()) // Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot Engine:docs"



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_uri_encode:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **uri_encode** **(** **)** |const|

Encodes the string to URL-friendly format. This method is meant to properly encode the parameters in a URL when sending an HTTP request. See also :ref:`uri_decode<class_String_method_uri_decode>`.


.. tabs::

 .. code-tab:: gdscript

    var prefix = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight="
    var url = prefix + "Godot Engine:docs".uri_encode()
    
    print(url) # Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs"

 .. code-tab:: csharp

    var prefix = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=";
    var url = prefix + "Godot Engine:docs".URIEncode();
    
    GD.Print(url); // Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs"



.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_validate_filename:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **validate_filename** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with all characters that are not allowed in :ref:`is_valid_filename<class_String_method_is_valid_filename>` replaced with underscores.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_validate_node_name:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **validate_node_name** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with all characters that are not allowed in :ref:`Node.name<class_Node_property_name>` (``.`` ``:`` ``@`` ``/`` ``"`` ``%``) replaced with underscores.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

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.. _class_String_method_xml_escape:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **xml_escape** **(** :ref:`bool<class_bool>` escape_quotes=false **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with special characters escaped using the XML standard. If ``escape_quotes`` is ``true``, the single quote (``'``) and double quote (``"``) characters are also escaped.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_method_xml_unescape:

.. rst-class:: classref-method

:ref:`String<class_String>` **xml_unescape** **(** **)** |const|

Returns a copy of the string with escaped characters replaced by their meanings according to the XML standard.

.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator

----

.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group

Operator Descriptions
---------------------

.. _class_String_operator_neq_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator !=** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if both strings do not contain the same sequence of characters.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_neq_StringName:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator !=** **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if this **String** is not equivalent to the given :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_mod_Variant:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`String<class_String>` **operator %** **(** :ref:`Variant<class_Variant>` right **)**

Formats the **String**, replacing the placeholders with one or more parameters. To pass multiple parameters, ``right`` needs to be an :ref:`Array<class_Array>`.

::

    print("I caught %d fishes!" % 2) # Prints "I caught 2 fishes!"
    
    var my_message = "Travelling to %s, at %2.2f km/h."
    var location = "Deep Valley"
    var speed = 40.3485
    print(my_message % [location, speed]) # Prints "Travelling to Deep Valley, at 40.35 km/h."

For more information, see the :doc:`GDScript format strings <../tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string>` tutorial.

\ **Note:** In C#, this operator is not available. Instead, see `how to interpolate strings with "$" <https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/tokens/interpolated>`__.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_sum_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`String<class_String>` **operator +** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Appends ``right`` at the end of this **String**, also known as a string concatenation.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_sum_StringName:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`String<class_String>` **operator +** **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)**

Appends ``right`` at the end of this **String**, returning a **String**. This is also known as a string concatenation.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_lt_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator <** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if the left **String** comes before ``right`` in `Unicode order <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Useful for sorting.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_lte_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator <=** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if the left **String** comes before ``right`` in `Unicode order <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__, which roughly matches the alphabetical order, or if both are equal.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_eq_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator ==** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if both strings contain the same sequence of characters.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_eq_StringName:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator ==** **(** :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if this **String** is equivalent to the given :ref:`StringName<class_StringName>`.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_gt_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator >** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if the left **String** comes after ``right`` in `Unicode order <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Useful for sorting.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_gte_String:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator >=** **(** :ref:`String<class_String>` right **)**

Returns ``true`` if the left **String** comes after ``right`` in `Unicode order <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters>`__, which roughly matches the alphabetical order, or if both are equal.

.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator

----

.. _class_String_operator_idx_int:

.. rst-class:: classref-operator

:ref:`String<class_String>` **operator []** **(** :ref:`int<class_int>` index **)**

Returns a new **String** that only contains the character at ``index``. Indices start from ``0``. If ``index`` is greater or equal to ``0``, the character is fetched starting from the beginning of the string. If ``index`` is a negative value, it is fetched starting from the end. Accessing a string out-of-bounds will cause a run-time error, pausing the project execution if run from the editor.

.. |virtual| replace:: :abbr:`virtual (This method should typically be overridden by the user to have any effect.)`
.. |const| replace:: :abbr:`const (This method has no side effects. It doesn't modify any of the instance's member variables.)`
.. |vararg| replace:: :abbr:`vararg (This method accepts any number of arguments after the ones described here.)`
.. |constructor| replace:: :abbr:`constructor (This method is used to construct a type.)`
.. |static| replace:: :abbr:`static (This method doesn't need an instance to be called, so it can be called directly using the class name.)`
.. |operator| replace:: :abbr:`operator (This method describes a valid operator to use with this type as left-hand operand.)`
.. |bitfield| replace:: :abbr:`BitField (This value is an integer composed as a bitmask of the following flags.)`