imgui/backends/imgui_impl_wgpu.cpp

// dear imgui: Renderer for WebGPU
// This needs to be used along with a Platform Binding (e.g. GLFW)
// (Please note that WebGPU is currently experimental, will not run on non-beta browsers, and may break.)

// Implemented features:
//  [X] Renderer: User texture binding. Use 'WGPUTextureView' as ImTextureID. Read the FAQ about ImTextureID!
//  [X] Renderer: Large meshes support (64k+ vertices) with 16-bit indices.

// You can use unmodified imgui_impl_* files in your project. See examples/ folder for examples of using this.
// Prefer including the entire imgui/ repository into your project (either as a copy or as a submodule), and only build the backends you need.
// If you are new to Dear ImGui, read documentation from the docs/ folder + read the top of imgui.cpp.
// Read online: https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/tree/master/docs

// CHANGELOG
// (minor and older changes stripped away, please see git history for details)
//  2023-04-11: Reorganized backend to pull data from a single structure to facilitate usage with multiple-contexts (all g_XXXX access changed to bd->XXXX).
//  2023-01-25: Revert automatic pipeline layout generation (see https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/2470)
//  2022-11-24: Fixed validation error with default depth buffer settings.
//  2022-11-10: Fixed rendering when a depth buffer is enabled. Added 'WGPUTextureFormat depth_format' parameter to ImGui_ImplWGPU_Init().
//  2022-10-11: Using 'nullptr' instead of 'NULL' as per our switch to C++11.
//  2021-11-29: Passing explicit buffer sizes to wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetVertexBuffer()/wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetIndexBuffer().
//  2021-08-24: Fixed for latest specs.
//  2021-05-24: Add support for draw_data->FramebufferScale.
//  2021-05-19: Replaced direct access to ImDrawCmd::TextureId with a call to ImDrawCmd::GetTexID(). (will become a requirement)
//  2021-05-16: Update to latest WebGPU specs (compatible with Emscripten 2.0.20 and Chrome Canary 92).
//  2021-02-18: Change blending equation to preserve alpha in output buffer.
//  2021-01-28: Initial version.

#include "imgui.h"
#include "imgui_impl_wgpu.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include <webgpu/webgpu.h>

// Dear ImGui prototypes from imgui_internal.h
extern ImGuiID ImHashData(const void* data_p, size_t data_size, ImU32 seed = 0);

// WebGPU data
struct RenderResources
{
    WGPUTexture         FontTexture = nullptr;          // Font texture
    WGPUTextureView     FontTextureView = nullptr;      // Texture view for font texture
    WGPUSampler         Sampler = nullptr;              // Sampler for the font texture
    WGPUBuffer          Uniforms = nullptr;             // Shader uniforms
    WGPUBindGroup       CommonBindGroup = nullptr;      // Resources bind-group to bind the common resources to pipeline
    ImGuiStorage        ImageBindGroups;                // Resources bind-group to bind the font/image resources to pipeline (this is a key->value map)
    WGPUBindGroup       ImageBindGroup = nullptr;       // Default font-resource of Dear ImGui
    WGPUBindGroupLayout ImageBindGroupLayout = nullptr; // Cache layout used for the image bind group. Avoids allocating unnecessary JS objects when working with WebASM
};

struct FrameResources
{
    WGPUBuffer  IndexBuffer;
    WGPUBuffer  VertexBuffer;
    ImDrawIdx*  IndexBufferHost;
    ImDrawVert* VertexBufferHost;
    int         IndexBufferSize;
    int         VertexBufferSize;
};

struct Uniforms
{
    float MVP[4][4];
};

struct ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data
{
    WGPUDevice          wgpuDevice = nullptr;
    WGPUQueue           defaultQueue = nullptr;
    WGPUTextureFormat   renderTargetFormat = WGPUTextureFormat_Undefined;
    WGPUTextureFormat   depthStencilFormat = WGPUTextureFormat_Undefined;
    WGPURenderPipeline  pipelineState = nullptr;

    RenderResources     renderResources;
    FrameResources*     pFrameResources = nullptr;
    unsigned int        numFramesInFlight = 0;
    unsigned int        frameIndex = UINT_MAX;
};

// Backend data stored in io.BackendRendererUserData to allow support for multiple Dear ImGui contexts
// It is STRONGLY preferred that you use docking branch with multi-viewports (== single Dear ImGui context + multiple windows) instead of multiple Dear ImGui contexts.
static ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData()
{
    return ImGui::GetCurrentContext() ? (ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data*)ImGui::GetIO().BackendRendererUserData : nullptr;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// SHADERS
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// glsl_shader.vert, compiled with:
// # glslangValidator -V -x -o glsl_shader.vert.u32 glsl_shader.vert
/*
#version 450 core
layout(location = 0) in vec2 aPos;
layout(location = 1) in vec2 aUV;
layout(location = 2) in vec4 aColor;
layout(set=0, binding = 0) uniform transform { mat4 mvp; };

out gl_PerVertex { vec4 gl_Position; };
layout(location = 0) out struct { vec4 Color; vec2 UV; } Out;

void main()
{
    Out.Color = aColor;
    Out.UV = aUV;
    gl_Position = mvp * vec4(aPos, 0, 1);
}
*/
static uint32_t __glsl_shader_vert_spv[] =
{
    0x07230203,0x00010000,0x00080007,0x0000002c,0x00000000,0x00020011,0x00000001,0x0006000b,
    0x00000001,0x4c534c47,0x6474732e,0x3035342e,0x00000000,0x0003000e,0x00000000,0x00000001,
    0x000a000f,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x6e69616d,0x00000000,0x0000000b,0x0000000f,0x00000015,
    0x0000001b,0x00000023,0x00030003,0x00000002,0x000001c2,0x00040005,0x00000004,0x6e69616d,
    0x00000000,0x00030005,0x00000009,0x00000000,0x00050006,0x00000009,0x00000000,0x6f6c6f43,
    0x00000072,0x00040006,0x00000009,0x00000001,0x00005655,0x00030005,0x0000000b,0x0074754f,
    0x00040005,0x0000000f,0x6c6f4361,0x0000726f,0x00030005,0x00000015,0x00565561,0x00060005,
    0x00000019,0x505f6c67,0x65567265,0x78657472,0x00000000,0x00060006,0x00000019,0x00000000,
    0x505f6c67,0x7469736f,0x006e6f69,0x00030005,0x0000001b,0x00000000,0x00050005,0x0000001d,
    0x6e617274,0x726f6673,0x0000006d,0x00040006,0x0000001d,0x00000000,0x0070766d,0x00030005,
    0x0000001f,0x00000000,0x00040005,0x00000023,0x736f5061,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x0000000b,
    0x0000001e,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x0000000f,0x0000001e,0x00000002,0x00040047,0x00000015,
    0x0000001e,0x00000001,0x00050048,0x00000019,0x00000000,0x0000000b,0x00000000,0x00030047,
    0x00000019,0x00000002,0x00040048,0x0000001d,0x00000000,0x00000005,0x00050048,0x0000001d,
    0x00000000,0x00000023,0x00000000,0x00050048,0x0000001d,0x00000000,0x00000007,0x00000010,
    0x00030047,0x0000001d,0x00000002,0x00040047,0x0000001f,0x00000022,0x00000000,0x00040047,
    0x0000001f,0x00000021,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x00000023,0x0000001e,0x00000000,0x00020013,
    0x00000002,0x00030021,0x00000003,0x00000002,0x00030016,0x00000006,0x00000020,0x00040017,
    0x00000007,0x00000006,0x00000004,0x00040017,0x00000008,0x00000006,0x00000002,0x0004001e,
    0x00000009,0x00000007,0x00000008,0x00040020,0x0000000a,0x00000003,0x00000009,0x0004003b,
    0x0000000a,0x0000000b,0x00000003,0x00040015,0x0000000c,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x0004002b,
    0x0000000c,0x0000000d,0x00000000,0x00040020,0x0000000e,0x00000001,0x00000007,0x0004003b,
    0x0000000e,0x0000000f,0x00000001,0x00040020,0x00000011,0x00000003,0x00000007,0x0004002b,
    0x0000000c,0x00000013,0x00000001,0x00040020,0x00000014,0x00000001,0x00000008,0x0004003b,
    0x00000014,0x00000015,0x00000001,0x00040020,0x00000017,0x00000003,0x00000008,0x0003001e,
    0x00000019,0x00000007,0x00040020,0x0000001a,0x00000003,0x00000019,0x0004003b,0x0000001a,
    0x0000001b,0x00000003,0x00040018,0x0000001c,0x00000007,0x00000004,0x0003001e,0x0000001d,
    0x0000001c,0x00040020,0x0000001e,0x00000002,0x0000001d,0x0004003b,0x0000001e,0x0000001f,
    0x00000002,0x00040020,0x00000020,0x00000002,0x0000001c,0x0004003b,0x00000014,0x00000023,
    0x00000001,0x0004002b,0x00000006,0x00000025,0x00000000,0x0004002b,0x00000006,0x00000026,
    0x3f800000,0x00050036,0x00000002,0x00000004,0x00000000,0x00000003,0x000200f8,0x00000005,
    0x0004003d,0x00000007,0x00000010,0x0000000f,0x00050041,0x00000011,0x00000012,0x0000000b,
    0x0000000d,0x0003003e,0x00000012,0x00000010,0x0004003d,0x00000008,0x00000016,0x00000015,
    0x00050041,0x00000017,0x00000018,0x0000000b,0x00000013,0x0003003e,0x00000018,0x00000016,
    0x00050041,0x00000020,0x00000021,0x0000001f,0x0000000d,0x0004003d,0x0000001c,0x00000022,
    0x00000021,0x0004003d,0x00000008,0x00000024,0x00000023,0x00050051,0x00000006,0x00000027,
    0x00000024,0x00000000,0x00050051,0x00000006,0x00000028,0x00000024,0x00000001,0x00070050,
    0x00000007,0x00000029,0x00000027,0x00000028,0x00000025,0x00000026,0x00050091,0x00000007,
    0x0000002a,0x00000022,0x00000029,0x00050041,0x00000011,0x0000002b,0x0000001b,0x0000000d,
    0x0003003e,0x0000002b,0x0000002a,0x000100fd,0x00010038
};

// glsl_shader.frag, compiled with:
// # glslangValidator -V -x -o glsl_shader.frag.u32 glsl_shader.frag
/*
#version 450 core
layout(location = 0) out vec4 fColor;
layout(set=0, binding=1) uniform sampler s;
layout(set=1, binding=0) uniform texture2D t;
layout(location = 0) in struct { vec4 Color; vec2 UV; } In;
void main()
{
    fColor = In.Color * texture(sampler2D(t, s), In.UV.st);
}
*/
static uint32_t __glsl_shader_frag_spv[] =
{
    0x07230203,0x00010000,0x00080007,0x00000023,0x00000000,0x00020011,0x00000001,0x0006000b,
    0x00000001,0x4c534c47,0x6474732e,0x3035342e,0x00000000,0x0003000e,0x00000000,0x00000001,
    0x0007000f,0x00000004,0x00000004,0x6e69616d,0x00000000,0x00000009,0x0000000d,0x00030010,
    0x00000004,0x00000007,0x00030003,0x00000002,0x000001c2,0x00040005,0x00000004,0x6e69616d,
    0x00000000,0x00040005,0x00000009,0x6c6f4366,0x0000726f,0x00030005,0x0000000b,0x00000000,
    0x00050006,0x0000000b,0x00000000,0x6f6c6f43,0x00000072,0x00040006,0x0000000b,0x00000001,
    0x00005655,0x00030005,0x0000000d,0x00006e49,0x00030005,0x00000015,0x00000074,0x00030005,
    0x00000019,0x00000073,0x00040047,0x00000009,0x0000001e,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x0000000d,
    0x0000001e,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x00000015,0x00000022,0x00000001,0x00040047,0x00000015,
    0x00000021,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x00000019,0x00000022,0x00000000,0x00040047,0x00000019,
    0x00000021,0x00000001,0x00020013,0x00000002,0x00030021,0x00000003,0x00000002,0x00030016,
    0x00000006,0x00000020,0x00040017,0x00000007,0x00000006,0x00000004,0x00040020,0x00000008,
    0x00000003,0x00000007,0x0004003b,0x00000008,0x00000009,0x00000003,0x00040017,0x0000000a,
    0x00000006,0x00000002,0x0004001e,0x0000000b,0x00000007,0x0000000a,0x00040020,0x0000000c,
    0x00000001,0x0000000b,0x0004003b,0x0000000c,0x0000000d,0x00000001,0x00040015,0x0000000e,
    0x00000020,0x00000001,0x0004002b,0x0000000e,0x0000000f,0x00000000,0x00040020,0x00000010,
    0x00000001,0x00000007,0x00090019,0x00000013,0x00000006,0x00000001,0x00000000,0x00000000,
    0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000000,0x00040020,0x00000014,0x00000000,0x00000013,0x0004003b,
    0x00000014,0x00000015,0x00000000,0x0002001a,0x00000017,0x00040020,0x00000018,0x00000000,
    0x00000017,0x0004003b,0x00000018,0x00000019,0x00000000,0x0003001b,0x0000001b,0x00000013,
    0x0004002b,0x0000000e,0x0000001d,0x00000001,0x00040020,0x0000001e,0x00000001,0x0000000a,
    0x00050036,0x00000002,0x00000004,0x00000000,0x00000003,0x000200f8,0x00000005,0x00050041,
    0x00000010,0x00000011,0x0000000d,0x0000000f,0x0004003d,0x00000007,0x00000012,0x00000011,
    0x0004003d,0x00000013,0x00000016,0x00000015,0x0004003d,0x00000017,0x0000001a,0x00000019,
    0x00050056,0x0000001b,0x0000001c,0x00000016,0x0000001a,0x00050041,0x0000001e,0x0000001f,
    0x0000000d,0x0000001d,0x0004003d,0x0000000a,0x00000020,0x0000001f,0x00050057,0x00000007,
    0x00000021,0x0000001c,0x00000020,0x00050085,0x00000007,0x00000022,0x00000012,0x00000021,
    0x0003003e,0x00000009,0x00000022,0x000100fd,0x00010038
};

static void SafeRelease(ImDrawIdx*& res)
{
    if (res)
        delete[] res;
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(ImDrawVert*& res)
{
    if (res)
        delete[] res;
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUBindGroupLayout& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuBindGroupLayoutRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUBindGroup& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuBindGroupRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUBuffer& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuBufferRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPURenderPipeline& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuRenderPipelineRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUSampler& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuSamplerRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUShaderModule& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuShaderModuleRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUTextureView& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuTextureViewRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}
static void SafeRelease(WGPUTexture& res)
{
    if (res)
        wgpuTextureRelease(res);
    res = nullptr;
}

static void SafeRelease(RenderResources& res)
{
    SafeRelease(res.FontTexture);
    SafeRelease(res.FontTextureView);
    SafeRelease(res.Sampler);
    SafeRelease(res.Uniforms);
    SafeRelease(res.CommonBindGroup);
    SafeRelease(res.ImageBindGroup);
    SafeRelease(res.ImageBindGroupLayout);
};

static void SafeRelease(FrameResources& res)
{
    SafeRelease(res.IndexBuffer);
    SafeRelease(res.VertexBuffer);
    SafeRelease(res.IndexBufferHost);
    SafeRelease(res.VertexBufferHost);
}

static WGPUProgrammableStageDescriptor ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateShaderModule(uint32_t* binary_data, uint32_t binary_data_size)
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();

    WGPUShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor spirv_desc = {};
    spirv_desc.chain.sType = WGPUSType_ShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor;
    spirv_desc.codeSize = binary_data_size;
    spirv_desc.code = binary_data;

    WGPUShaderModuleDescriptor desc = {};
    desc.nextInChain = reinterpret_cast<WGPUChainedStruct*>(&spirv_desc);

    WGPUProgrammableStageDescriptor stage_desc = {};
    stage_desc.module = wgpuDeviceCreateShaderModule(bd->wgpuDevice, &desc);
    stage_desc.entryPoint = "main";
    return stage_desc;
}

static WGPUBindGroup ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateImageBindGroup(WGPUBindGroupLayout layout, WGPUTextureView texture)
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    WGPUBindGroupEntry image_bg_entries[] = { { nullptr, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, texture } };

    WGPUBindGroupDescriptor image_bg_descriptor = {};
    image_bg_descriptor.layout = layout;
    image_bg_descriptor.entryCount = sizeof(image_bg_entries) / sizeof(WGPUBindGroupEntry);
    image_bg_descriptor.entries = image_bg_entries;
    return wgpuDeviceCreateBindGroup(bd->wgpuDevice, &image_bg_descriptor);
}

static void ImGui_ImplWGPU_SetupRenderState(ImDrawData* draw_data, WGPURenderPassEncoder ctx, FrameResources* fr)
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();

    // Setup orthographic projection matrix into our constant buffer
    // Our visible imgui space lies from draw_data->DisplayPos (top left) to draw_data->DisplayPos+data_data->DisplaySize (bottom right).
    {
        float L = draw_data->DisplayPos.x;
        float R = draw_data->DisplayPos.x + draw_data->DisplaySize.x;
        float T = draw_data->DisplayPos.y;
        float B = draw_data->DisplayPos.y + draw_data->DisplaySize.y;
        float mvp[4][4] =
        {
            { 2.0f/(R-L),   0.0f,           0.0f,       0.0f },
            { 0.0f,         2.0f/(T-B),     0.0f,       0.0f },
            { 0.0f,         0.0f,           0.5f,       0.0f },
            { (R+L)/(L-R),  (T+B)/(B-T),    0.5f,       1.0f },
        };
        wgpuQueueWriteBuffer(bd->defaultQueue, bd->renderResources.Uniforms, 0, mvp, sizeof(mvp));
    }

    // Setup viewport
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetViewport(ctx, 0, 0, draw_data->FramebufferScale.x * draw_data->DisplaySize.x, draw_data->FramebufferScale.y * draw_data->DisplaySize.y, 0, 1);

    // Bind shader and vertex buffers
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetVertexBuffer(ctx, 0, fr->VertexBuffer, 0, fr->VertexBufferSize * sizeof(ImDrawVert));
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetIndexBuffer(ctx, fr->IndexBuffer, sizeof(ImDrawIdx) == 2 ? WGPUIndexFormat_Uint16 : WGPUIndexFormat_Uint32, 0, fr->IndexBufferSize * sizeof(ImDrawIdx));
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetPipeline(ctx, bd->pipelineState);
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetBindGroup(ctx, 0, bd->renderResources.CommonBindGroup, 0, nullptr);

    // Setup blend factor
    WGPUColor blend_color = { 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f };
    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetBlendConstant(ctx, &blend_color);
}

// Render function
// (this used to be set in io.RenderDrawListsFn and called by ImGui::Render(), but you can now call this directly from your main loop)
void ImGui_ImplWGPU_RenderDrawData(ImDrawData* draw_data, WGPURenderPassEncoder pass_encoder)
{
    // Avoid rendering when minimized
    if (draw_data->DisplaySize.x <= 0.0f || draw_data->DisplaySize.y <= 0.0f)
        return;

    // FIXME: Assuming that this only gets called once per frame!
    // If not, we can't just re-allocate the IB or VB, we'll have to do a proper allocator.
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    bd->frameIndex = bd->frameIndex + 1;
    FrameResources* fr = &bd->pFrameResources[bd->frameIndex % bd->numFramesInFlight];

    // Create and grow vertex/index buffers if needed
    if (fr->VertexBuffer == nullptr || fr->VertexBufferSize < draw_data->TotalVtxCount)
    {
        if (fr->VertexBuffer)
        {
            wgpuBufferDestroy(fr->VertexBuffer);
            wgpuBufferRelease(fr->VertexBuffer);
        }
        SafeRelease(fr->VertexBufferHost);
        fr->VertexBufferSize = draw_data->TotalVtxCount + 5000;

        WGPUBufferDescriptor vb_desc =
        {
            nullptr,
            "Dear ImGui Vertex buffer",
            WGPUBufferUsage_CopyDst | WGPUBufferUsage_Vertex,
            fr->VertexBufferSize * sizeof(ImDrawVert),
            false
        };
        fr->VertexBuffer = wgpuDeviceCreateBuffer(bd->wgpuDevice, &vb_desc);
        if (!fr->VertexBuffer)
            return;

        fr->VertexBufferHost = new ImDrawVert[fr->VertexBufferSize];
    }
    if (fr->IndexBuffer == nullptr || fr->IndexBufferSize < draw_data->TotalIdxCount)
    {
        if (fr->IndexBuffer)
        {
            wgpuBufferDestroy(fr->IndexBuffer);
            wgpuBufferRelease(fr->IndexBuffer);
        }
        SafeRelease(fr->IndexBufferHost);
        fr->IndexBufferSize = draw_data->TotalIdxCount + 10000;

        WGPUBufferDescriptor ib_desc =
        {
            nullptr,
            "Dear ImGui Index buffer",
            WGPUBufferUsage_CopyDst | WGPUBufferUsage_Index,
            fr->IndexBufferSize * sizeof(ImDrawIdx),
            false
        };
        fr->IndexBuffer = wgpuDeviceCreateBuffer(bd->wgpuDevice, &ib_desc);
        if (!fr->IndexBuffer)
            return;

        fr->IndexBufferHost = new ImDrawIdx[fr->IndexBufferSize];
    }

    // Upload vertex/index data into a single contiguous GPU buffer
    ImDrawVert* vtx_dst = (ImDrawVert*)fr->VertexBufferHost;
    ImDrawIdx* idx_dst = (ImDrawIdx*)fr->IndexBufferHost;
    for (int n = 0; n < draw_data->CmdListsCount; n++)
    {
        const ImDrawList* cmd_list = draw_data->CmdLists[n];
        memcpy(vtx_dst, cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Data, cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size * sizeof(ImDrawVert));
        memcpy(idx_dst, cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Data, cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size * sizeof(ImDrawIdx));
        vtx_dst += cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size;
        idx_dst += cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size;
    }
    int64_t vb_write_size = ((char*)vtx_dst - (char*)fr->VertexBufferHost + 3) & ~3;
    int64_t ib_write_size = ((char*)idx_dst - (char*)fr->IndexBufferHost  + 3) & ~3;
    wgpuQueueWriteBuffer(bd->defaultQueue, fr->VertexBuffer, 0, fr->VertexBufferHost, vb_write_size);
    wgpuQueueWriteBuffer(bd->defaultQueue, fr->IndexBuffer,  0, fr->IndexBufferHost,  ib_write_size);

    // Setup desired render state
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_SetupRenderState(draw_data, pass_encoder, fr);

    // Render command lists
    // (Because we merged all buffers into a single one, we maintain our own offset into them)
    int global_vtx_offset = 0;
    int global_idx_offset = 0;
    ImVec2 clip_scale = draw_data->FramebufferScale;
    ImVec2 clip_off = draw_data->DisplayPos;
    for (int n = 0; n < draw_data->CmdListsCount; n++)
    {
        const ImDrawList* cmd_list = draw_data->CmdLists[n];
        for (int cmd_i = 0; cmd_i < cmd_list->CmdBuffer.Size; cmd_i++)
        {
            const ImDrawCmd* pcmd = &cmd_list->CmdBuffer[cmd_i];
            if (pcmd->UserCallback != nullptr)
            {
                // User callback, registered via ImDrawList::AddCallback()
                // (ImDrawCallback_ResetRenderState is a special callback value used by the user to request the renderer to reset render state.)
                if (pcmd->UserCallback == ImDrawCallback_ResetRenderState)
                    ImGui_ImplWGPU_SetupRenderState(draw_data, pass_encoder, fr);
                else
                    pcmd->UserCallback(cmd_list, pcmd);
            }
            else
            {
                // Bind custom texture
                ImTextureID tex_id = pcmd->GetTexID();
                ImGuiID tex_id_hash = ImHashData(&tex_id, sizeof(tex_id));
                auto bind_group = bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroups.GetVoidPtr(tex_id_hash);
                if (bind_group)
                {
                    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetBindGroup(pass_encoder, 1, (WGPUBindGroup)bind_group, 0, nullptr);
                }
                else
                {
                    WGPUBindGroup image_bind_group = ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateImageBindGroup(bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroupLayout, (WGPUTextureView)tex_id);
                    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroups.SetVoidPtr(tex_id_hash, image_bind_group);
                    wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetBindGroup(pass_encoder, 1, image_bind_group, 0, nullptr);
                }

                // Project scissor/clipping rectangles into framebuffer space
                ImVec2 clip_min((pcmd->ClipRect.x - clip_off.x) * clip_scale.x, (pcmd->ClipRect.y - clip_off.y) * clip_scale.y);
                ImVec2 clip_max((pcmd->ClipRect.z - clip_off.x) * clip_scale.x, (pcmd->ClipRect.w - clip_off.y) * clip_scale.y);
                if (clip_max.x <= clip_min.x || clip_max.y <= clip_min.y)
                    continue;

                // Apply scissor/clipping rectangle, Draw
                wgpuRenderPassEncoderSetScissorRect(pass_encoder, (uint32_t)clip_min.x, (uint32_t)clip_min.y, (uint32_t)(clip_max.x - clip_min.x), (uint32_t)(clip_max.y - clip_min.y));
                wgpuRenderPassEncoderDrawIndexed(pass_encoder, pcmd->ElemCount, 1, pcmd->IdxOffset + global_idx_offset, pcmd->VtxOffset + global_vtx_offset, 0);
            }
        }
        global_idx_offset += cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size;
        global_vtx_offset += cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size;
    }
}

static void ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateFontsTexture()
{
    // Build texture atlas
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();
    unsigned char* pixels;
    int width, height, size_pp;
    io.Fonts->GetTexDataAsRGBA32(&pixels, &width, &height, &size_pp);

    // Upload texture to graphics system
    {
        WGPUTextureDescriptor tex_desc = {};
        tex_desc.label = "Dear ImGui Font Texture";
        tex_desc.dimension = WGPUTextureDimension_2D;
        tex_desc.size.width = width;
        tex_desc.size.height = height;
        tex_desc.size.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;
        tex_desc.sampleCount = 1;
        tex_desc.format = WGPUTextureFormat_RGBA8Unorm;
        tex_desc.mipLevelCount = 1;
        tex_desc.usage = WGPUTextureUsage_CopyDst | WGPUTextureUsage_TextureBinding;
        bd->renderResources.FontTexture = wgpuDeviceCreateTexture(bd->wgpuDevice, &tex_desc);

        WGPUTextureViewDescriptor tex_view_desc = {};
        tex_view_desc.format = WGPUTextureFormat_RGBA8Unorm;
        tex_view_desc.dimension = WGPUTextureViewDimension_2D;
        tex_view_desc.baseMipLevel = 0;
        tex_view_desc.mipLevelCount = 1;
        tex_view_desc.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        tex_view_desc.arrayLayerCount = 1;
        tex_view_desc.aspect = WGPUTextureAspect_All;
        bd->renderResources.FontTextureView = wgpuTextureCreateView(bd->renderResources.FontTexture, &tex_view_desc);
    }

    // Upload texture data
    {
        WGPUImageCopyTexture dst_view = {};
        dst_view.texture = bd->renderResources.FontTexture;
        dst_view.mipLevel = 0;
        dst_view.origin = { 0, 0, 0 };
        dst_view.aspect = WGPUTextureAspect_All;
        WGPUTextureDataLayout layout = {};
        layout.offset = 0;
        layout.bytesPerRow = width * size_pp;
        layout.rowsPerImage = height;
        WGPUExtent3D size = { (uint32_t)width, (uint32_t)height, 1 };
        wgpuQueueWriteTexture(bd->defaultQueue, &dst_view, pixels, (uint32_t)(width * size_pp * height), &layout, &size);
    }

    // Create the associated sampler
    // (Bilinear sampling is required by default. Set 'io.Fonts->Flags |= ImFontAtlasFlags_NoBakedLines' or 'style.AntiAliasedLinesUseTex = false' to allow point/nearest sampling)
    {
        WGPUSamplerDescriptor sampler_desc = {};
        sampler_desc.minFilter = WGPUFilterMode_Linear;
        sampler_desc.magFilter = WGPUFilterMode_Linear;
        sampler_desc.mipmapFilter = WGPUFilterMode_Linear;
        sampler_desc.addressModeU = WGPUAddressMode_Repeat;
        sampler_desc.addressModeV = WGPUAddressMode_Repeat;
        sampler_desc.addressModeW = WGPUAddressMode_Repeat;
        sampler_desc.maxAnisotropy = 1;
        bd->renderResources.Sampler = wgpuDeviceCreateSampler(bd->wgpuDevice, &sampler_desc);
    }

    // Store our identifier
    static_assert(sizeof(ImTextureID) >= sizeof(bd->renderResources.FontTexture), "Can't pack descriptor handle into TexID, 32-bit not supported yet.");
    io.Fonts->SetTexID((ImTextureID)bd->renderResources.FontTextureView);
}

static void ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateUniformBuffer()
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    WGPUBufferDescriptor ub_desc =
    {
        nullptr,
        "Dear ImGui Uniform buffer",
        WGPUBufferUsage_CopyDst | WGPUBufferUsage_Uniform,
        sizeof(Uniforms),
        false
    };
    bd->renderResources.Uniforms = wgpuDeviceCreateBuffer(bd->wgpuDevice, &ub_desc);
}

bool ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateDeviceObjects()
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    if (!bd->wgpuDevice)
        return false;
    if (bd->pipelineState)
        ImGui_ImplWGPU_InvalidateDeviceObjects();

    // Create render pipeline
    WGPURenderPipelineDescriptor graphics_pipeline_desc = {};
    graphics_pipeline_desc.primitive.topology = WGPUPrimitiveTopology_TriangleList;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.primitive.stripIndexFormat = WGPUIndexFormat_Undefined;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.primitive.frontFace = WGPUFrontFace_CW;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.primitive.cullMode = WGPUCullMode_None;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.multisample.count = 1;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.multisample.mask = UINT_MAX;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.multisample.alphaToCoverageEnabled = false;

    // Bind group layouts
    WGPUBindGroupLayoutEntry common_bg_layout_entries[2] = {};
    common_bg_layout_entries[0].binding = 0;
    common_bg_layout_entries[0].visibility = WGPUShaderStage_Vertex;
    common_bg_layout_entries[0].buffer.type = WGPUBufferBindingType_Uniform;
    common_bg_layout_entries[1].binding = 1;
    common_bg_layout_entries[1].visibility = WGPUShaderStage_Fragment;
    common_bg_layout_entries[1].sampler.type = WGPUSamplerBindingType_Filtering;

    WGPUBindGroupLayoutEntry image_bg_layout_entries[1] = {};
    image_bg_layout_entries[0].binding = 0;
    image_bg_layout_entries[0].visibility = WGPUShaderStage_Fragment;
    image_bg_layout_entries[0].texture.sampleType = WGPUTextureSampleType_Float;
    image_bg_layout_entries[0].texture.viewDimension = WGPUTextureViewDimension_2D;

    WGPUBindGroupLayoutDescriptor common_bg_layout_desc = {};
    common_bg_layout_desc.entryCount = 2;
    common_bg_layout_desc.entries = common_bg_layout_entries;

    WGPUBindGroupLayoutDescriptor image_bg_layout_desc = {};
    image_bg_layout_desc.entryCount = 1;
    image_bg_layout_desc.entries = image_bg_layout_entries;

    WGPUBindGroupLayout bg_layouts[2];
    bg_layouts[0] = wgpuDeviceCreateBindGroupLayout(bd->wgpuDevice, &common_bg_layout_desc);
    bg_layouts[1] = wgpuDeviceCreateBindGroupLayout(bd->wgpuDevice, &image_bg_layout_desc);

    WGPUPipelineLayoutDescriptor layout_desc = {};
    layout_desc.bindGroupLayoutCount = 2;
    layout_desc.bindGroupLayouts = bg_layouts;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.layout = wgpuDeviceCreatePipelineLayout(bd->wgpuDevice, &layout_desc);

    // Create the vertex shader
    WGPUProgrammableStageDescriptor vertex_shader_desc = ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateShaderModule(__glsl_shader_vert_spv, sizeof(__glsl_shader_vert_spv) / sizeof(uint32_t));
    graphics_pipeline_desc.vertex.module = vertex_shader_desc.module;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.vertex.entryPoint = vertex_shader_desc.entryPoint;

    // Vertex input configuration
    WGPUVertexAttribute attribute_desc[] =
    {
        { WGPUVertexFormat_Float32x2, (uint64_t)IM_OFFSETOF(ImDrawVert, pos), 0 },
        { WGPUVertexFormat_Float32x2, (uint64_t)IM_OFFSETOF(ImDrawVert, uv),  1 },
        { WGPUVertexFormat_Unorm8x4,  (uint64_t)IM_OFFSETOF(ImDrawVert, col), 2 },
    };

    WGPUVertexBufferLayout buffer_layouts[1];
    buffer_layouts[0].arrayStride = sizeof(ImDrawVert);
    buffer_layouts[0].stepMode = WGPUVertexStepMode_Vertex;
    buffer_layouts[0].attributeCount = 3;
    buffer_layouts[0].attributes = attribute_desc;

    graphics_pipeline_desc.vertex.bufferCount = 1;
    graphics_pipeline_desc.vertex.buffers = buffer_layouts;

    // Create the pixel shader
    WGPUProgrammableStageDescriptor pixel_shader_desc = ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateShaderModule(__glsl_shader_frag_spv, sizeof(__glsl_shader_frag_spv) / sizeof(uint32_t));

    // Create the blending setup
    WGPUBlendState blend_state = {};
    blend_state.alpha.operation = WGPUBlendOperation_Add;
    blend_state.alpha.srcFactor = WGPUBlendFactor_One;
    blend_state.alpha.dstFactor = WGPUBlendFactor_OneMinusSrcAlpha;
    blend_state.color.operation = WGPUBlendOperation_Add;
    blend_state.color.srcFactor = WGPUBlendFactor_SrcAlpha;
    blend_state.color.dstFactor = WGPUBlendFactor_OneMinusSrcAlpha;

    WGPUColorTargetState color_state = {};
    color_state.format = bd->renderTargetFormat;
    color_state.blend = &blend_state;
    color_state.writeMask = WGPUColorWriteMask_All;

    WGPUFragmentState fragment_state = {};
    fragment_state.module = pixel_shader_desc.module;
    fragment_state.entryPoint = pixel_shader_desc.entryPoint;
    fragment_state.targetCount = 1;
    fragment_state.targets = &color_state;

    graphics_pipeline_desc.fragment = &fragment_state;

    // Create depth-stencil State
    WGPUDepthStencilState depth_stencil_state = {};
    depth_stencil_state.format = bd->depthStencilFormat;
    depth_stencil_state.depthWriteEnabled = false;
    depth_stencil_state.depthCompare = WGPUCompareFunction_Always;
    depth_stencil_state.stencilFront.compare = WGPUCompareFunction_Always;
    depth_stencil_state.stencilBack.compare = WGPUCompareFunction_Always;

    // Configure disabled depth-stencil state
    graphics_pipeline_desc.depthStencil = (bd->depthStencilFormat == WGPUTextureFormat_Undefined) ? nullptr :  &depth_stencil_state;

    bd->pipelineState = wgpuDeviceCreateRenderPipeline(bd->wgpuDevice, &graphics_pipeline_desc);

    ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateFontsTexture();
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateUniformBuffer();

    // Create resource bind group
    WGPUBindGroupEntry common_bg_entries[] =
    {
        { nullptr, 0, bd->renderResources.Uniforms, 0, sizeof(Uniforms), 0, 0 },
        { nullptr, 1, 0, 0, 0, bd->renderResources.Sampler, 0 },
    };

    WGPUBindGroupDescriptor common_bg_descriptor = {};
    common_bg_descriptor.layout = bg_layouts[0];
    common_bg_descriptor.entryCount = sizeof(common_bg_entries) / sizeof(WGPUBindGroupEntry);
    common_bg_descriptor.entries = common_bg_entries;
    bd->renderResources.CommonBindGroup = wgpuDeviceCreateBindGroup(bd->wgpuDevice, &common_bg_descriptor);

    WGPUBindGroup image_bind_group = ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateImageBindGroup(bg_layouts[1], bd->renderResources.FontTextureView);
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroup = image_bind_group;
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroupLayout = bg_layouts[1];
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroups.SetVoidPtr(ImHashData(&bd->renderResources.FontTextureView, sizeof(ImTextureID)), image_bind_group);

    SafeRelease(vertex_shader_desc.module);
    SafeRelease(pixel_shader_desc.module);
    SafeRelease(bg_layouts[0]);

    return true;
}

void ImGui_ImplWGPU_InvalidateDeviceObjects()
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    if (!bd->wgpuDevice)
        return;

    SafeRelease(bd->pipelineState);
    SafeRelease(bd->renderResources);

    ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();
    io.Fonts->SetTexID(0); // We copied g_pFontTextureView to io.Fonts->TexID so let's clear that as well.

    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bd->numFramesInFlight; i++)
        SafeRelease(bd->pFrameResources[i]);
}

bool ImGui_ImplWGPU_Init(WGPUDevice device, int num_frames_in_flight, WGPUTextureFormat rt_format, WGPUTextureFormat depth_format)
{
    ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();
    IM_ASSERT(io.BackendRendererUserData == nullptr && "Already initialized a renderer backend!");

    // Setup backend capabilities flags
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = IM_NEW(ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data)();
    io.BackendRendererUserData = (void*)bd;
    io.BackendRendererName = "imgui_impl_webgpu";
    io.BackendFlags |= ImGuiBackendFlags_RendererHasVtxOffset;  // We can honor the ImDrawCmd::VtxOffset field, allowing for large meshes.

    bd->wgpuDevice = device;
    bd->defaultQueue = wgpuDeviceGetQueue(bd->wgpuDevice);
    bd->renderTargetFormat = rt_format;
    bd->depthStencilFormat = depth_format;
    bd->numFramesInFlight = num_frames_in_flight;
    bd->frameIndex = UINT_MAX;

    bd->renderResources.FontTexture = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.FontTextureView = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.Sampler = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.Uniforms = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.CommonBindGroup = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroups.Data.reserve(100);
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroup = nullptr;
    bd->renderResources.ImageBindGroupLayout = nullptr;

    // Create buffers with a default size (they will later be grown as needed)
    bd->pFrameResources = new FrameResources[num_frames_in_flight];
    for (int i = 0; i < num_frames_in_flight; i++)
    {
        FrameResources* fr = &bd->pFrameResources[i];
        fr->IndexBuffer = nullptr;
        fr->VertexBuffer = nullptr;
        fr->IndexBufferHost = nullptr;
        fr->VertexBufferHost = nullptr;
        fr->IndexBufferSize = 10000;
        fr->VertexBufferSize = 5000;
    }

    return true;
}

void ImGui_ImplWGPU_Shutdown()
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    IM_ASSERT(bd != nullptr && "No renderer backend to shutdown, or already shutdown?");
    ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();

    ImGui_ImplWGPU_InvalidateDeviceObjects();
    delete[] bd->pFrameResources;
    bd->pFrameResources = nullptr;
    wgpuQueueRelease(bd->defaultQueue);
    bd->wgpuDevice = nullptr;
    bd->numFramesInFlight = 0;
    bd->frameIndex = UINT_MAX;

    io.BackendRendererName = nullptr;
    io.BackendRendererUserData = nullptr;
    IM_DELETE(bd);
}

void ImGui_ImplWGPU_NewFrame()
{
    ImGui_ImplWGPU_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplWGPU_GetBackendData();
    if (!bd->pipelineState)
        ImGui_ImplWGPU_CreateDeviceObjects();
}