3DSoftwareRenderer-DFSPR/Source/DFPSR/api/guiAPI.h


// zlib open source license
//
// Copyright (c) 2019 David Forsgren Piuva
// 
// This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
// warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
// arising from the use of this software.
// 
// Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
// including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
// freely, subject to the following restrictions:
// 
//    1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
//    claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
//    in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
//    appreciated but is not required.
// 
//    2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
//    misrepresented as being the original software.
// 
//    3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
//    distribution.

#ifndef DFPSR_API_GUI
#define DFPSR_API_GUI

#include "types.h"
#include "../api/stringAPI.h"
#include "../gui/InputEvent.h"

// createBackendWindow should be implemented outside of the core framework
//   Choose one of the window backends in SDK/native to compile and link with your application.
// std::shared_ptr<dsr::BackendWindow> createBackendWindow(const dsr::String& title, int width, int height);

// Constness on handles doesn't propagate to any inner types
//   "const Comopnent&" only means that the writable Component handle can be created from a sub-expression
//   because the location where the handle is stored cannot be overwritten.
//   This allow getting a component by name and using it as an argument without being stored in a variable.

namespace dsr {

// Window Construction
	// A portable window will be wrapped around a native window backend supplied from a call to createBackendWindow.
	Window window_create(const dsr::String& title, int32_t width, int32_t height);
	// If the game starts in full screen, this constructor should be used instead.
	//   Otherwise the canvas may ask for the window's dimensions while the system still keeps the old dimensions due to delays.
	Window window_create_fullscreen(const dsr::String& title);
	// Returns true iff the window exists
	bool window_exists(const Window& window);

// Layout files
	// Loading an interface by parsing a layout file's content.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	void window_loadInterfaceFromString(const Window& window, const dsr::String& content);
	// Loading an interface by parsing a layout file loaded by filename.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	void window_loadInterfaceFromFile(const Window& window, const dsr::ReadableString& filename);
	// Store the interface back into a layout file.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	String window_saveInterfaceToString(const Window& window);

// Find a component
	// Get the component being stored directly in the window
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   There should always exist a root component where more components can be added recursively
	Component window_getRoot(const Window& window);
	// TODO: Document
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	Component window_findComponentByName(const Window& window, const ReadableString& name, bool mustExist = true);
	// TODO: Document
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	Component window_findComponentByNameAndIndex(const Window& window, const ReadableString& name, int index, bool mustExist = true);

// The three main events to run in a loop at the end of the main function
	// If the window's event queue contained any resize of the window, the canvas and the depth buffer will be replaced during this call.
	//   New calls to window_getCanvas and window_getDepthBuffer are required after this call, because the window could be given a new size.
	//   Returns true iff any event were processed.
	//   By calling window_executeEvents in a loop while returning false, one can wait for input.
	//     Sleeping for 10 milliseconds is quite responsive while saving lots of battery.
	//     Only redrawing the regions that has changed (dirty rectangles et cetera) can further save power.
	//   Example:
	//     while (!window_executeEvents(window)) {
	//         time_sleepSeconds(0.01);
	//     }
	//     window_drawComponents(window);
	//     window_showCanvas(window);
	bool window_executeEvents(const Window& window);
	// Draw the root component and its children to the canvas.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	void window_drawComponents(const Window& window);
	// Show the canvas.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	void window_showCanvas(const Window& window);

// Pixel upscaling
//   The pixel-scale is the width and height of each canvas pixel when displayed on the window.
//     The color and depth buffers from window_getCanvas and window_getDepthBuffer will shrink to fit each pixel within the window.
//     Partial pixels at right and bottom sides are replaced with black padding,
//     so that mouse coordinates can be divided and multiplied evenly during scale conversion.
//   If using a higher value than the default 1, upscaling will be done during the call to window_showCanvas.
//     The backend window will receive the upscaled image to display over the whole window.
	// Gets the current pixel scale.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	int window_getPixelScale(const Window& window);
	// Assigns a new pixel scale.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   Just like when handling a window resize, this will replace the canvas and depth buffer.
	//     Any old handles to canvas and depth buffer will become useless, so fetch new image handles from the window to avoid black flickering.
	void window_setPixelScale(const Window& window, int scale);

// Full screen
	void window_setFullScreen(const Window& window, bool enabled);
	bool window_isFullScreen(const Window& window);

// Fetch the window's surfaces
//   Always get the canvas (and any depth buffer) after calls to window_executeEvents or window_setPixelScale,
//   because these may replace the canvas with a new size.
//   TODO: Prevent the backend window from freeing the memory while the canvas is still being used.
	// Get the canvas/color-buffer.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   The canvas size will be smaller when pixelScale is larger, because the canvas has to fit inside the window.
	AlignedImageRgbaU8 window_getCanvas(const Window& window);
	// Get the depth buffer allocated on demand.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   If you never call this method, no depth buffer will be allocated.
	//   If you call it at the same time as window_getCanvas, it will have the same size as the canvas.
	AlignedImageF32 window_getDepthBuffer(const Window& window);

// The low-resolution canvas and depth buffer dimensions are relative to mouse events given to components.
// Because component are drawn to the canvas and affected by upscaling.
	// Returns the width of the canvas.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	int window_getCanvasWidth(const Window& window);
	// Returns the height of the canvas.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	int window_getCanvasHeight(const Window& window);
// The window's inner dimensions are relative to mouse events received directly from the window at full pixel resolution.
	// Returns the inner width of the window.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	int window_getInnerWidth(const Window& window);
	// Returns the inner height of the window.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	int window_getInnerHeight(const Window& window);

// Direct window events
	// Listen to window mouse events.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   event.mouseEventType gives the type of mouse event.
	//   event.key gives the key being used.
	void window_setMouseEvent(const Window& window, const MouseCallback& mouseEvent);
	// Listen to window keyboard events.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	//   event.keyboardEventType gives the type of keyboard event.
	//   event.dsrKey gives the key being used.
	void window_setKeyboardEvent(const Window& window, const KeyboardCallback& keyboardEvent);
	// Listen to the window close event.
	//   Raises an exception if window doesn't exist.
	void window_setCloseEvent(const Window& window, const EmptyCallback& closeEvent);

// Components
	// Create a new component belonging to parent.
	// Returns a handle to the component or an empty handle if className have not been registered.
	//   Can use component_exists on the result to check if the operation was a success.
	// className must be the name of a registered persistent class inheriting from VisualComponent.
	// identifierName is used to find the component.
	// index can be used to identify multiple components with the same name without having to generate numbered names.
	Component component_create(const Component& parent, const ReadableString& className, const ReadableString& identifierName, int index = 0);
	// Returns true iff the component exists.
	bool component_exists(const Component& component);
	// Removed the component from the parent.
	//   Does nothing if used against the root component.
	//   Make sure to erase any other references to the component if you want it erased.
	void component_detachFromParent(const Component& component);
	// Returns true iff propertyName exists in component.
	bool component_hasProperty(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName);
	// Sets a property found using propertyName in component to the value serialized in value.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   Matching of propertyName is case insensitive.
	//   Returns ReturnCode::Good if assigned.
	//   Unless mustAssign forces an exception.
	//     Returns ReturnCode::KeyNotFound if propertyName wasn't found in component.
	//   Unless mustAssign forces an exception.
	//     Returns ReturnCode::ParsingFailure if propertyName was found but value couldn't be converted to its type.
	ReturnCode component_setProperty(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, const ReadableString& value, bool mustAssign = true);
	// A version for setting integers and booleans.
	//   For integers:
	//     Just set value to whatever you want assigned directly.
	//     This is faster than using component_setProperty by not parsing the value from any string.
	//   For booleans:
	//     Use 1 (or another non-zero value) for true and 0 for false.
	//     Boolean properties will convery any non-zero values into ones.
	ReturnCode component_setProperty_integer(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, int64_t value, bool mustAssign = true);
	// A version for setting images.
	ReturnCode component_setProperty_image(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, const OrderedImageRgbaU8& value, bool mustAssign = true);
	// A version optimized for basic strings to bypass quote mangling
	//   The new value is given as it is without unmangling.
	ReturnCode component_setProperty_string(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, const ReadableString& value, bool mustAssign = true);
	// Returns a property found using propertyName in component.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   Matching of propertyName is case insensitive.
	//   If mustExist is true
	//     Raises an exception when propertyName isn't found.
	//   If mustExist is false
	//     Returns an empty string when propertyName isn't found.
	String component_getProperty(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, bool mustExist = true);
	// A version for getting integers and booleans.
	//   Returns defaultValue on failure, which should use a value that is never actually used.
	int64_t component_getProperty_integer(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, bool mustExist = true, int64_t defaultValue = 0);
	// A version for getting images
	OrderedImageRgbaU8 component_getProperty_image(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, bool mustExist = true);
	// A version optimized for basic strings to bypass quote mangling.
	//   Returns the result without adding any quote signs or escape characters.
	String component_getProperty_string(const Component& component, const ReadableString& propertyName, bool mustExist = true);

	// Call a named method in the component using optional text arguments
	String component_call(const Component& component, const ReadableString& methodName);
	String component_call(const Component& component, const ReadableString& methodName, const ReadableString& arguments);

// Component events
	// The main activation of clickable components.
	//   The pressed callback doesn't take any arguments, because it should be possible to generate from multiple input methods.
	void component_setPressedEvent(const Component& component, const EmptyCallback& event);
	// Mouse-down activates when any mouse button is pressed down within the component
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   The component itself decides if the mouse is inside, which allow rounded components to act as their true shape.
	void component_setMouseDownEvent(const Component& component, const MouseCallback& mouseEvent);
	// Mouse-up should eventually follow after a mouse-down event, to ensure basic transaction safety.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   * Even if the mouse is dragged outside of the component or window before being lifted.
	//   * Even if the component is removed from the window while the button is pressed,
	//     the button press will keep it alive long enough to receive the mouse-up event before being freed.
	void component_setMouseUpEvent(const Component& component, const MouseCallback& mouseEvent);
	// Mouse-move is triggered when the mouse moves over the component.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   * When pressed down inside of the component, dragging outside the component or even window will
	//     continue to give mouse-move events to the callback.
	//   * If dragging left of or above the window, event.position may contain negative coordinates.
	void component_setMouseMoveEvent(const Component& component, const MouseCallback& mouseEvent);
	// Mouse-scroll is triggered by scrolling in any direction.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   Currently only supporting MouseKeyEnum::ScrollUp and MouseKeyEnum::ScrollDown as values in event.key.
	void component_setMouseScrollEvent(const Component& component, const MouseCallback& mouseEvent);
	// Key-down only comes when a button is pressed down. (No repeat)
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   The backend window is responsible to filter away any false positives for down events caused by repetition.
	void component_setKeyDownEvent(const Component& component, const KeyboardCallback& keyboardEvent);
	// Key-up only comes when a button is lifted after being pressed. (No repeat)
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	void component_setKeyUpEvent(const Component& component, const KeyboardCallback& keyboardEvent);
	// Key-type comes both when a key is pressed, and then repeatedly without having to lift the key.
	//   Raises an exception if component doesn't exist.
	//   There's usually a second's delay before quickly repeating.
	void component_setKeyTypeEvent(const Component& component, const KeyboardCallback& keyboardEvent);
	// Select events are sent when the selected index of something has changed.
	//   Used in Listbox to cover updates from all different ways the selection may change.
	void component_setSelectEvent(const Component& component, const IndexCallback& selectEvent);

// Theme
	// Apply the given theme recursively to all components in the window's interface.
	//   Raises an exception if window or component doesn't exist.
	//   Components will gather what they can from the theme and save it for later.
	//   Changing a theme while being used by an interface or adding new components,
	//     should apply the theme again to ensure that all changes are applied.
	//     TODO: Automate this process by storing a reference to the theme in each component and checking for updates before drawing.
	void window_applyTheme(const Window& window, const VisualTheme& theme);

}

#endif