AtomicGameEngine/Source/Atomic/Resource/Image.cpp

//
// Copyright (c) 2008-2015 the Urho3D project.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
//

#include "../Precompiled.h"

#include "../Core/Context.h"
#include "../Core/Profiler.h"
#include "../IO/File.h"
#include "../IO/FileSystem.h"
#include "../IO/Log.h"
#include "../Resource/Decompress.h"

#include <JO/jo_jpeg.h>
#include <SDL/include/SDL_surface.h>
#include <STB/stb_image.h>
#include <STB/stb_image_write.h>
#include <crunch/inc/crnlib.h>

#include "../DebugNew.h"

extern "C" unsigned char* stbi_write_png_to_mem(unsigned char* pixels, int stride_bytes, int x, int y, int n, int* out_len);

#ifndef MAKEFOURCC
#define MAKEFOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) ((unsigned)(ch0) | ((unsigned)(ch1) << 8) | ((unsigned)(ch2) << 16) | ((unsigned)(ch3) << 24))
#endif

#define FOURCC_DXT1 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','T','1'))
#define FOURCC_DXT2 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','T','2'))
#define FOURCC_DXT3 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','T','3'))
#define FOURCC_DXT4 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','T','4'))
#define FOURCC_DXT5 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','T','5'))
#define FOURCC_DX10 (MAKEFOURCC('D','X','1','0'))

static const unsigned DDSCAPS_COMPLEX = 0x00000008U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS_TEXTURE = 0x00001000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS_MIPMAP = 0x00400000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_VOLUME = 0x00200000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP = 0x00000200U;

static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX = 0x00000400U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX = 0x00000800U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY = 0x00001000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY = 0x00002000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ = 0x00004000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ = 0x00008000U;
static const unsigned DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_ALL_FACES = 0x0000FC00U;

// DX10 flags
static const unsigned DDS_DIMENSION_TEXTURE1D = 2;
static const unsigned DDS_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D = 3;
static const unsigned DDS_DIMENSION_TEXTURE3D = 4;

static const unsigned DDS_RESOURCE_MISC_TEXTURECUBE = 0x4;

static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM = 28;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB = 26;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC1_UNORM = 71;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC1_UNORM_SRGB = 72;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC2_UNORM = 74;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC2_UNORM_SRGB = 75;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM = 77;
static const unsigned DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_SRGB = 78;

namespace Atomic
{

/// DirectDraw color key definition.
struct DDColorKey
{
    unsigned dwColorSpaceLowValue_;
    unsigned dwColorSpaceHighValue_;
};

/// DirectDraw pixel format definition.
struct DDPixelFormat
{
    unsigned dwSize_;
    unsigned dwFlags_;
    unsigned dwFourCC_;
    union
    {
        unsigned dwRGBBitCount_;
        unsigned dwYUVBitCount_;
        unsigned dwZBufferBitDepth_;
        unsigned dwAlphaBitDepth_;
        unsigned dwLuminanceBitCount_;
        unsigned dwBumpBitCount_;
        unsigned dwPrivateFormatBitCount_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwRBitMask_;
        unsigned dwYBitMask_;
        unsigned dwStencilBitDepth_;
        unsigned dwLuminanceBitMask_;
        unsigned dwBumpDuBitMask_;
        unsigned dwOperations_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwGBitMask_;
        unsigned dwUBitMask_;
        unsigned dwZBitMask_;
        unsigned dwBumpDvBitMask_;
        struct
        {
            unsigned short wFlipMSTypes_;
            unsigned short wBltMSTypes_;
        } multiSampleCaps_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwBBitMask_;
        unsigned dwVBitMask_;
        unsigned dwStencilBitMask_;
        unsigned dwBumpLuminanceBitMask_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwRGBAlphaBitMask_;
        unsigned dwYUVAlphaBitMask_;
        unsigned dwLuminanceAlphaBitMask_;
        unsigned dwRGBZBitMask_;
        unsigned dwYUVZBitMask_;
    };
};

/// DirectDraw surface capabilities.
struct DDSCaps2
{
    unsigned dwCaps_;
    unsigned dwCaps2_;
    unsigned dwCaps3_;
    union
    {
        unsigned dwCaps4_;
        unsigned dwVolumeDepth_;
    };
};

struct DDSHeader10
{
    unsigned dxgiFormat;
    unsigned resourceDimension;
    unsigned miscFlag;
    unsigned arraySize;
    unsigned reserved;
};

/// DirectDraw surface description.
struct DDSurfaceDesc2
{
    unsigned dwSize_;
    unsigned dwFlags_;
    unsigned dwHeight_;
    unsigned dwWidth_;
    union
    {
        unsigned lPitch_;
        unsigned dwLinearSize_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwBackBufferCount_;
        unsigned dwDepth_;
    };
    union
    {
        unsigned dwMipMapCount_;
        unsigned dwRefreshRate_;
        unsigned dwSrcVBHandle_;
    };
    unsigned dwAlphaBitDepth_;
    unsigned dwReserved_;
    unsigned lpSurface_; // Do not define as a void pointer, as it is 8 bytes in a 64bit build
    union
    {
        DDColorKey ddckCKDestOverlay_;
        unsigned dwEmptyFaceColor_;
    };
    DDColorKey ddckCKDestBlt_;
    DDColorKey ddckCKSrcOverlay_;
    DDColorKey ddckCKSrcBlt_;
    union
    {
        DDPixelFormat ddpfPixelFormat_;
        unsigned dwFVF_;
    };
    DDSCaps2 ddsCaps_;
    unsigned dwTextureStage_;
};

bool CompressedLevel::Decompress(unsigned char* dest)
{
    if (!data_)
        return false;

    switch (format_)
    {
    case CF_DXT1:
    case CF_DXT3:
    case CF_DXT5:
        DecompressImageDXT(dest, data_, width_, height_, depth_, format_);
        return true;

    case CF_ETC1:
        DecompressImageETC(dest, data_, width_, height_);
        return true;

    case CF_PVRTC_RGB_2BPP:
    case CF_PVRTC_RGBA_2BPP:
    case CF_PVRTC_RGB_4BPP:
    case CF_PVRTC_RGBA_4BPP:
        DecompressImagePVRTC(dest, data_, width_, height_, format_);
        return true;

    default:
        // Unknown format
        return false;
    }
}

Image::Image(Context* context) :
    Resource(context),
    width_(0),
    height_(0),
    depth_(0),
    components_(0),
    cubemap_(false),
    array_(false),
    sRGB_(false)
{
}

Image::~Image()
{
}

void Image::RegisterObject(Context* context)
{
    context->RegisterFactory<Image>();
}

bool Image::BeginLoad(Deserializer& source)
{
    // Check for DDS, KTX or PVR compressed format
    String fileID = source.ReadFileID();

    if (fileID == "DDS ")
    {
        // DDS compressed format
        DDSurfaceDesc2 ddsd;
        source.Read(&ddsd, sizeof(ddsd));

        // DDS DX10+
        const bool hasDXGI = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwFourCC_ == FOURCC_DX10;
        DDSHeader10 dxgiHeader;
        if (hasDXGI)
            source.Read(&dxgiHeader, sizeof(dxgiHeader));

        unsigned fourCC = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwFourCC_;

        // If the DXGI header is available then remap formats and check sRGB
        if (hasDXGI)
        {
            switch (dxgiHeader.dxgiFormat)
            {
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC1_UNORM:
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC1_UNORM_SRGB:
                fourCC = FOURCC_DXT1;
                break;
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC2_UNORM:
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC2_UNORM_SRGB:
                fourCC = FOURCC_DXT3;
                break;
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM:
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_SRGB:
                fourCC = FOURCC_DXT5;
                break;
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM:
            case DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB:
                fourCC = 0;
                break;
            default:
                LOGERROR("Unrecognized DDS DXGI image format");
                return false;
            }

            // Check the internal sRGB formats
            if (dxgiHeader.dxgiFormat == DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC1_UNORM_SRGB ||
                dxgiHeader.dxgiFormat == DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC2_UNORM_SRGB ||
                dxgiHeader.dxgiFormat == DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_SRGB ||
                dxgiHeader.dxgiFormat == DDS_DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB)
            {
                sRGB_ = true;
            }
        }
        switch (fourCC)
        {
        case FOURCC_DXT1:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT1;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case FOURCC_DXT3:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT3;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case FOURCC_DXT5:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT5;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 0:
            if (ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ != 32 && ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ != 24 &&
                ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ != 16)
            {
                LOGERROR("Unsupported DDS pixel byte size");
                return false;
            }
            compressedFormat_ = CF_RGBA;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        default:
            LOGERROR("Unrecognized DDS image format");
            return false;
        }

        // Is it a cube map or texture array? If so determine the size of the image chain.
        cubemap_ = (ddsd.ddsCaps_.dwCaps2_ & DDSCAPS2_CUBEMAP_ALL_FACES) != 0 || (hasDXGI && (dxgiHeader.miscFlag & DDS_RESOURCE_MISC_TEXTURECUBE) != 0);
        unsigned imageChainCount = 1;
        if (cubemap_)
            imageChainCount = 6;
        else if (hasDXGI && dxgiHeader.arraySize > 1)
        {
            imageChainCount = dxgiHeader.arraySize;
            array_ = true;
        }

        // Calculate the size of the data
        unsigned dataSize = 0;
        if (compressedFormat_ != CF_RGBA)
        {
            const unsigned blockSize = compressedFormat_ == CF_DXT1 ? 8 : 16; //DXT1/BC1 is 8 bytes, DXT3/BC2 and DXT5/BC3 are 16 bytes
            // Add 3 to ensure valid block: ie 2x2 fits uses a whole 4x4 block
            unsigned blocksWide = (ddsd.dwWidth_ + 3) / 4;
            unsigned blocksHeight = (ddsd.dwHeight_ + 3) / 4;
            dataSize = blocksWide * blocksHeight * blockSize;

            // Calculate mip data size
            unsigned x = ddsd.dwWidth_ / 2;
            unsigned y = ddsd.dwHeight_ / 2;
            unsigned z = ddsd.dwDepth_ / 2;
            for (unsigned level = ddsd.dwMipMapCount_; level > 0; x /= 2, y /= 2, z /= 2, level -= 1)
            {
                blocksWide = (Max(x, 1) + 3) / 4;
                blocksHeight = (Max(y, 1) + 3) / 4;
                dataSize += blockSize * blocksWide * blocksHeight * Max(z, 1);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            dataSize = (ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ / 8) * ddsd.dwWidth_ * ddsd.dwHeight_ * Max(ddsd.dwDepth_, 1);
            // Calculate mip data size
            unsigned x = ddsd.dwWidth_ / 2;
            unsigned y = ddsd.dwHeight_ / 2;
            unsigned z = ddsd.dwDepth_ / 2;
            for (unsigned level = ddsd.dwMipMapCount_; level > 0; x /= 2, y /= 2, z /= 2, level -= 1)
                dataSize += (ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ / 8) * Max(x, 1) * Max(y, 1) * Max(z, 1);
        }

        // Do not use a shared ptr here, in case nothing is refcounting the image outside this function.
        // A raw pointer is fine as the image chain (if needed) uses shared ptr's properly
        Image* currentImage = this;

        for (unsigned faceIndex = 0; faceIndex < imageChainCount; ++faceIndex)
        {
            currentImage->data_ = new unsigned char[dataSize];
            currentImage->cubemap_ = cubemap_;
            currentImage->array_ = array_;
            currentImage->components_ = components_;
            currentImage->compressedFormat_ = compressedFormat_;
            currentImage->width_ = ddsd.dwWidth_;
            currentImage->height_ = ddsd.dwHeight_;
            currentImage->depth_ = ddsd.dwDepth_;

            currentImage->numCompressedLevels_ = ddsd.dwMipMapCount_;
            if (!currentImage->numCompressedLevels_)
                currentImage->numCompressedLevels_ = 1;

            // Memory use needs to be exact per image as it's used for verifying the data size in GetCompressedLevel()
            // even though it would be more proper for the first image to report the size of all siblings combined
            currentImage->SetMemoryUse(dataSize);

            source.Read(currentImage->data_.Get(), dataSize);

            if (faceIndex < imageChainCount - 1)
            {
                // Build the image chain
                SharedPtr<Image> nextImage(new Image(context_));
                currentImage->nextSibling_ = nextImage;
                currentImage = nextImage;
            }
        }

        // If uncompressed DDS, convert the data to 8bit RGBA as the texture classes can not currently use eg. RGB565 format
        if (compressedFormat_ == CF_RGBA)
        {
            PROFILE(ConvertDDSToRGBA);

            SharedPtr<Image> currentImage(this);
            while (currentImage.NotNull())
            {
                unsigned sourcePixelByteSize = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBBitCount_ >> 3;
                unsigned numPixels = dataSize / sourcePixelByteSize;

#define ADJUSTSHIFT(mask, l, r) \
                if (mask && mask >= 0x100) \
                                { \
                                                    while ((mask >> r) >= 0x100) \
                        ++r; \
                                } \
                        else if (mask && mask < 0x80) \
                                { \
                                                    while ((mask << l) < 0x80) \
                        ++l; \
                                }

                unsigned rShiftL = 0, gShiftL = 0, bShiftL = 0, aShiftL = 0;
                unsigned rShiftR = 0, gShiftR = 0, bShiftR = 0, aShiftR = 0;
                unsigned rMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRBitMask_;
                unsigned gMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwGBitMask_;
                unsigned bMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwBBitMask_;
                unsigned aMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat_.dwRGBAlphaBitMask_;
                ADJUSTSHIFT(rMask, rShiftL, rShiftR)
                ADJUSTSHIFT(gMask, gShiftL, gShiftR)
                ADJUSTSHIFT(bMask, bShiftL, bShiftR)
                ADJUSTSHIFT(aMask, aShiftL, aShiftR)

                SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> rgbaData(new unsigned char[numPixels * 4]);
                SetMemoryUse(numPixels * 4);

                switch (sourcePixelByteSize)
                {
                case 4:
                {
                    unsigned* src = (unsigned*)currentImage->data_.Get();
                    unsigned char* dest = rgbaData.Get();

                    while (numPixels--)
                    {
                        unsigned pixels = *src++;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & rMask) << rShiftL) >> rShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & gMask) << gShiftL) >> gShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & bMask) << bShiftL) >> bShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & aMask) << aShiftL) >> aShiftR;
                    }
                }
                break;

                case 3:
                {
                    unsigned char* src = currentImage->data_.Get();
                    unsigned char* dest = rgbaData.Get();

                    while (numPixels--)
                    {
                        unsigned pixels = src[0] | (src[1] << 8) | (src[2] << 16);
                        src += 3;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & rMask) << rShiftL) >> rShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & gMask) << gShiftL) >> gShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & bMask) << bShiftL) >> bShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & aMask) << aShiftL) >> aShiftR;
                    }
                }
                break;

                default:
                {
                    unsigned short* src = (unsigned short*)currentImage->data_.Get();
                    unsigned char* dest = rgbaData.Get();

                    while (numPixels--)
                    {
                        unsigned short pixels = *src++;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & rMask) << rShiftL) >> rShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & gMask) << gShiftL) >> gShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & bMask) << bShiftL) >> bShiftR;
                        *dest++ = ((pixels & aMask) << aShiftL) >> aShiftR;
                    }
                }
                break;
                }

                // Replace with converted data
                currentImage->data_ = rgbaData;
                currentImage = currentImage->GetNextSibling();
            }
        }
    }
    else if (fileID == "\253KTX")
    {
        source.Seek(12);

        unsigned endianness = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned type = source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned typeSize = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned format = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned internalFormat = source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned baseInternalFormat = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned width = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned height = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned depth = source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned arrayElements = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned faces = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned mipmaps = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned keyValueBytes = source.ReadUInt();

        if (endianness != 0x04030201)
        {
            LOGERROR("Big-endian KTX files not supported");
            return false;
        }

        if (type != 0 || format != 0)
        {
            LOGERROR("Uncompressed KTX files not supported");
            return false;
        }

        if (faces > 1 || depth > 1)
        {
            LOGERROR("3D or cube KTX files not supported");
            return false;
        }

        if (mipmaps == 0)
        {
            LOGERROR("KTX files without explicitly specified mipmap count not supported");
            return false;
        }

        switch (internalFormat)
        {
        case 0x83f1:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT1;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 0x83f2:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT3;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 0x83f3:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT5;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 0x8d64:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_ETC1;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 0x8c00:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGB_4BPP;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 0x8c01:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGB_2BPP;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 0x8c02:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGBA_4BPP;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 0x8c03:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGBA_2BPP;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        default:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_NONE;
            break;
        }

        if (compressedFormat_ == CF_NONE)
        {
            LOGERROR("Unsupported texture format in KTX file");
            return false;
        }

        source.Seek(source.GetPosition() + keyValueBytes);
        unsigned dataSize = (unsigned)(source.GetSize() - source.GetPosition() - mipmaps * sizeof(unsigned));

        data_ = new unsigned char[dataSize];
        width_ = width;
        height_ = height;
        numCompressedLevels_ = mipmaps;

        unsigned dataOffset = 0;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < mipmaps; ++i)
        {
            unsigned levelSize = source.ReadUInt();
            if (levelSize + dataOffset > dataSize)
            {
                LOGERROR("KTX mipmap level data size exceeds file size");
                return false;
            }

            source.Read(&data_[dataOffset], levelSize);
            dataOffset += levelSize;
            if (source.GetPosition() & 3)
                source.Seek((source.GetPosition() + 3) & 0xfffffffc);
        }

        SetMemoryUse(dataSize);
    }
    else if (fileID == "PVR\3")
    {
        /* unsigned flags = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned pixelFormatLo = source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned pixelFormatHi = */ source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned colourSpace = */ source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned channelType = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned height = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned width = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned depth = source.ReadUInt();
        /* unsigned numSurfaces = */ source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned numFaces = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned mipmapCount = source.ReadUInt();
        unsigned metaDataSize = source.ReadUInt();

        if (depth > 1 || numFaces > 1)
        {
            LOGERROR("3D or cube PVR files not supported");
            return false;
        }

        if (mipmapCount == 0)
        {
            LOGERROR("PVR files without explicitly specified mipmap count not supported");
            return false;
        }

        switch (pixelFormatLo)
        {
        case 0:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGB_2BPP;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 1:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGBA_2BPP;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 2:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGB_4BPP;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 3:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_PVRTC_RGBA_4BPP;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 6:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_ETC1;
            components_ = 3;
            break;

        case 7:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT1;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 9:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT3;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        case 11:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_DXT5;
            components_ = 4;
            break;

        default:
            compressedFormat_ = CF_NONE;
            break;
        }

        if (compressedFormat_ == CF_NONE)
        {
            LOGERROR("Unsupported texture format in PVR file");
            return false;
        }

        source.Seek(source.GetPosition() + metaDataSize);
        unsigned dataSize = source.GetSize() - source.GetPosition();

        data_ = new unsigned char[dataSize];
        width_ = width;
        height_ = height;
        numCompressedLevels_ = mipmapCount;

        source.Read(data_.Get(), dataSize);
        SetMemoryUse(dataSize);
    }
    else
    {
        // Not DDS, KTX or PVR, use STBImage to load other image formats as uncompressed
        source.Seek(0);
        int width, height;
        unsigned components;
        unsigned char* pixelData = GetImageData(source, width, height, components);
        if (!pixelData)
        {
            LOGERROR("Could not load image " + source.GetName() + ": " + String(stbi_failure_reason()));
            return false;
        }
        SetSize(width, height, components);
        SetData(pixelData);
        FreeImageData(pixelData);
    }

    return true;
}

bool Image::Save(Serializer& dest) const
{
    PROFILE(SaveImage);

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image " + GetName());
        return false;
    }

    if (!data_)
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save zero-sized image " + GetName());
        return false;
    }

    int len;
    unsigned char* png = stbi_write_png_to_mem(data_.Get(), 0, width_, height_, components_, &len);
    bool success = dest.Write(png, (unsigned)len) == (unsigned)len;
    free(png);
    return success;
}


bool Image::SetSize(int width, int height, unsigned components)
{
    return SetSize(width, height, 1, components);
}

bool Image::SetSize(int width, int height, int depth, unsigned components)
{
    if (width == width_ && height == height_ && depth == depth_ && components == components_)
        return true;

    if (width <= 0 || height <= 0 || depth <= 0)
        return false;

    if (components > 4)
    {
        LOGERROR("More than 4 color components are not supported");
        return false;
    }

    data_ = new unsigned char[width * height * depth * components];
    width_ = width;
    height_ = height;
    depth_ = depth;
    components_ = components;
    compressedFormat_ = CF_NONE;
    numCompressedLevels_ = 0;
    nextLevel_.Reset();

    SetMemoryUse(width * height * depth * components);
    return true;
}

void Image::SetPixel(int x, int y, const Color& color)
{
    SetPixelInt(x, y, 0, color.ToUInt());
}

void Image::SetPixel(int x, int y, int z, const Color& color)
{
    SetPixelInt(x, y, z, color.ToUInt());
}

void Image::SetPixelInt(int x, int y, unsigned uintColor)
{
    SetPixelInt(x, y, 0, uintColor);
}

void Image::SetPixelInt(int x, int y, int z, unsigned uintColor)
{
    if (!data_ || x < 0 || x >= width_ || y < 0 || y >= height_ || z < 0 || z >= depth_ || IsCompressed())
        return;

    unsigned char* dest = data_ + (z * width_ * height_ + y * width_ + x) * components_;
    unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)&uintColor;

    switch (components_)
    {
    case 4:
        dest[3] = src[3];
        // Fall through
    case 3:
        dest[2] = src[2];
        // Fall through
    case 2:
        dest[1] = src[1];
        // Fall through
    default:
        dest[0] = src[0];
        break;
    }
}

void Image::SetData(const unsigned char* pixelData)
{
    if (!data_)
        return;

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not set new pixel data for a compressed image");
        return;
    }

    memcpy(data_.Get(), pixelData, width_ * height_ * depth_ * components_);
    nextLevel_.Reset();
}

bool Image::LoadColorLUT(Deserializer& source)
{
    String fileID = source.ReadFileID();

    if (fileID == "DDS " || fileID == "\253KTX" || fileID == "PVR\3")
    {
        LOGERROR("Invalid image format, can not load image");
        return false;
    }

    source.Seek(0);
    int width, height;
    unsigned components;
    unsigned char* pixelDataIn = GetImageData(source, width, height, components);
    if (!pixelDataIn)
    {
        LOGERROR("Could not load image " + source.GetName() + ": " + String(stbi_failure_reason()));
        return false;
    }
    if (components != 3)
    {
        LOGERROR("Invalid image format, can not load image");
        return false;
    }

    SetSize(COLOR_LUT_SIZE, COLOR_LUT_SIZE, COLOR_LUT_SIZE, components);
    SetMemoryUse(width_ * height_ * depth_ * components);

    unsigned char* pixelDataOut = GetData();

    for (int z = 0; z < depth_; ++z)
    {
        for (int y = 0; y < height_; ++y)
        {
            unsigned char* in = &pixelDataIn[z * width_ * 3 + y * width * 3];
            unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[z * width_ * height_ * 3 + y * width_ * 3];

            for (int x = 0; x < width_ * 3; x += 3)
            {
                out[x] = in[x];
                out[x + 1] = in[x + 1];
                out[x + 2] = in[x + 2];
            }
        }
    }

    FreeImageData(pixelDataIn);

    return true;
}

bool Image::FlipHorizontal()
{
    if (!data_)
        return false;

    if (depth_ > 1)
    {
        LOGERROR("FlipHorizontal not supported for 3D images");
        return false;
    }

    if (!IsCompressed())
    {
        SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> newData(new unsigned char[width_ * height_ * components_]);
        unsigned rowSize = width_ * components_;

        for (int y = 0; y < height_; ++y)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < width_; ++x)
            {
                for (unsigned c = 0; c < components_; ++c)
                    newData[y * rowSize + x * components_ + c] = data_[y * rowSize + (width_ - x - 1) * components_ + c];
            }
        }

        data_ = newData;
    }
    else
    {
        if (compressedFormat_ > CF_DXT5)
        {
            LOGERROR("FlipHorizontal not yet implemented for other compressed formats than RGBA & DXT1,3,5");
            return false;
        }

        // Memory use = combined size of the compressed mip levels
        SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> newData(new unsigned char[GetMemoryUse()]);
        unsigned dataOffset = 0;

        for (unsigned i = 0; i < numCompressedLevels_; ++i)
        {
            CompressedLevel level = GetCompressedLevel(i);
            if (!level.data_)
            {
                LOGERROR("Got compressed level with no data, aborting horizontal flip");
                return false;
            }

            for (unsigned y = 0; y < level.rows_; ++y)
            {
                for (unsigned x = 0; x < level.rowSize_; x += level.blockSize_)
                {
                    unsigned char* src = level.data_ + y * level.rowSize_ + (level.rowSize_ - level.blockSize_ - x);
                    unsigned char* dest = newData.Get() + y * level.rowSize_ + x;
                    FlipBlockHorizontal(dest, src, compressedFormat_);
                }
            }

            dataOffset += level.dataSize_;
        }

        data_ = newData;
    }

    return true;
}

bool Image::FlipVertical()
{
    if (!data_)
        return false;

    if (depth_ > 1)
    {
        LOGERROR("FlipVertical not supported for 3D images");
        return false;
    }

    if (!IsCompressed())
    {
        SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> newData(new unsigned char[width_ * height_ * components_]);
        unsigned rowSize = width_ * components_;

        for (int y = 0; y < height_; ++y)
            memcpy(&newData[(height_ - y - 1) * rowSize], &data_[y * rowSize], rowSize);

        data_ = newData;
    }
    else
    {
        if (compressedFormat_ > CF_DXT5)
        {
            LOGERROR("FlipVertical not yet implemented for other compressed formats than DXT1,3,5");
            return false;
        }

        // Memory use = combined size of the compressed mip levels
        SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> newData(new unsigned char[GetMemoryUse()]);
        unsigned dataOffset = 0;

        for (unsigned i = 0; i < numCompressedLevels_; ++i)
        {
            CompressedLevel level = GetCompressedLevel(i);
            if (!level.data_)
            {
                LOGERROR("Got compressed level with no data, aborting vertical flip");
                return false;
            }

            for (unsigned y = 0; y < level.rows_; ++y)
            {
                unsigned char* src = level.data_ + y * level.rowSize_;
                unsigned char* dest = newData.Get() + dataOffset + (level.rows_ - y - 1) * level.rowSize_;

                for (unsigned x = 0; x < level.rowSize_; x += level.blockSize_)
                    FlipBlockVertical(dest + x, src + x, compressedFormat_);
            }

            dataOffset += level.dataSize_;
        }

        data_ = newData;
    }

    return true;
}

bool Image::Resize(int width, int height)
{
    PROFILE(ResizeImage);

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Resize not supported for compressed images");
        return false;
    }

    if (depth_ > 1)
    {
        LOGERROR("Resize not supported for 3D images");
        return false;
    }

    if (!data_ || width <= 0 || height <= 0)
        return false;

    /// \todo Reducing image size does not sample all needed pixels
    SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> newData(new unsigned char[width * height * components_]);
    for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y)
    {
        for (int x = 0; x < width; ++x)
        {
            // Calculate float coordinates between 0 - 1 for resampling
            float xF = (width_ > 1) ? (float)x / (float)(width - 1) : 0.0f;
            float yF = (height_ > 1) ? (float)y / (float)(height - 1) : 0.0f;
            unsigned uintColor = GetPixelBilinear(xF, yF).ToUInt();
            unsigned char* dest = newData + (y * width + x) * components_;
            unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)&uintColor;

            switch (components_)
            {
            case 4:
                dest[3] = src[3];
                // Fall through
            case 3:
                dest[2] = src[2];
                // Fall through
            case 2:
                dest[1] = src[1];
                // Fall through
            default:
                dest[0] = src[0];
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    width_ = width;
    height_ = height;
    data_ = newData;
    SetMemoryUse(width * height * depth_ * components_);
    return true;
}

void Image::Clear(const Color& color)
{
    ClearInt(color.ToUInt());
}

void Image::ClearInt(unsigned uintColor)
{
    PROFILE(ClearImage);

    if (!data_)
        return;

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Clear not supported for compressed images");
        return;
    }

    unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)&uintColor;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < width_ * height_ * depth_ * components_; ++i)
        data_[i] = src[i % components_];
}

bool Image::SaveBMP(const String& fileName) const
{
    PROFILE(SaveImageBMP);

    FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
    if (fileSystem && !fileSystem->CheckAccess(GetPath(fileName)))
    {
        LOGERROR("Access denied to " + fileName);
        return false;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image to BMP");
        return false;
    }

    if (data_)
        return stbi_write_bmp(fileName.CString(), width_, height_, components_, data_.Get()) != 0;
    else
        return false;
}

bool Image::SavePNG(const String& fileName) const
{
    PROFILE(SaveImagePNG);

    FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
    if (fileSystem && !fileSystem->CheckAccess(GetPath(fileName)))
    {
        LOGERROR("Access denied to " + fileName);
        return false;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image to PNG");
        return false;
    }

    if (data_)
        return stbi_write_png(GetNativePath(fileName).CString(), width_, height_, components_, data_.Get(), 0) != 0;
    else
        return false;
}

bool Image::SaveTGA(const String& fileName) const
{
    PROFILE(SaveImageTGA);

    FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
    if (fileSystem && !fileSystem->CheckAccess(GetPath(fileName)))
    {
        LOGERROR("Access denied to " + fileName);
        return false;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image to TGA");
        return false;
    }

    if (data_)
        return stbi_write_tga(GetNativePath(fileName).CString(), width_, height_, components_, data_.Get()) != 0;
    else
        return false;
}

bool Image::SaveJPG(const String& fileName, int quality) const
{
    PROFILE(SaveImageJPG);

    FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
    if (fileSystem && !fileSystem->CheckAccess(GetPath(fileName)))
    {
        LOGERROR("Access denied to " + fileName);
        return false;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image to JPG");
        return false;
    }

    if (data_)
        return jo_write_jpg(GetNativePath(fileName).CString(), data_.Get(), width_, height_, components_, quality) != 0;
    else
        return false;
}

bool Image::SaveDDS(const String& fileName) const
{
#if defined(ATOMIC_PLATFORM_WINDOWS) || defined (ATOMIC_PLATFORM_LINUX) || defined (ATOMIC_PLATFORM_OSX)
    PROFILE(SaveImageDDS);

    FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
    if (fileSystem && !fileSystem->CheckAccess(GetPath(fileName)))
    {
        LOGERROR("Access denied to " + fileName);
        return false;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not save compressed image to DDS");
        return false;
    }

    if (data_)
    {
        // #623 BEGIN TODO: Should have an abstract ImageReader and ImageWriter classes
        // with subclasses for particular image output types. Also should have image settings in the image meta.
        // ImageReader/Writers should also support a progress callback so UI can be updated.

        // Compression setup
        crn_comp_params compParams;
        compParams.m_width = width_;
        compParams.m_height = height_;
        compParams.set_flag(cCRNCompFlagPerceptual, true); // IsSRGB() incorrectly returning false
        compParams.set_flag(cCRNCompFlagDXT1AForTransparency, false);
        compParams.set_flag(cCRNCompFlagHierarchical, true);
        compParams.m_file_type = cCRNFileTypeDDS;
        compParams.m_format = (HasAlphaChannel() ? cCRNFmtDXT5 : cCRNFmtDXT1);

        compParams.m_pImages[0][0] = (uint32_t*)data_.Get();

        compParams.m_target_bitrate = 0;
        compParams.m_quality_level = 255;
        compParams.m_num_helper_threads = 1;
        compParams.m_pProgress_func = nullptr;

        // Mipmap setup
        crn_mipmap_params mipParams;
        mipParams.m_gamma_filtering = true; // IsSRGB() incorrectly returns false
        mipParams.m_mode = cCRNMipModeNoMips; // or cCRNMipModeGenerateMips

        // Output params
        crn_uint32 actualQualityLevel;
        float actualBitrate;
        crn_uint32 outputFileSize;

        void* compressedData = crn_compress(
            compParams, 
            mipParams, 
            outputFileSize, 
            &actualQualityLevel, 
            &actualBitrate);

        if (nullptr == compressedData)
        {
            LOGERROR("Failed to compress image to DXT");
            return false;
        }

        FileSystem* fileSystem = GetSubsystem<FileSystem>();
        SharedPtr<File> dest(new File(context_, fileName, FILE_WRITE));

        if (dest.Null())
        {
            // Open error already logged
            crn_free_block(compressedData);
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            bool success = dest->Write(compressedData, outputFileSize) == outputFileSize;
            crn_free_block(compressedData);
            return success;
        }
        
        // #623 END TODO
    }
#else
    LOGWARNING("Image::SaveDDS - Unsupported on current platform");
#endif

    return false;
}

bool Image::IsPOT() const
{
    return IsPowerOfTwo(width_) && IsPowerOfTwo(height_);
}

bool Image::HasAlphaChannel() const
{
    return components_ > 3;
}

Color Image::GetPixel(int x, int y) const
{
    return GetPixel(x, y, 0);
}

Color Image::GetPixel(int x, int y, int z) const
{
    if (!data_ || z < 0 || z >= depth_ || IsCompressed())
        return Color::BLACK;
    x = Clamp(x, 0, width_ - 1);
    y = Clamp(y, 0, height_ - 1);

    unsigned char* src = data_ + (z * width_ * height_ + y * width_ + x) * components_;
    Color ret;

    switch (components_)
    {
    case 4:
        ret.a_ = (float)src[3] / 255.0f;
        // Fall through
    case 3:
        ret.b_ = (float)src[2] / 255.0f;
        // Fall through
    case 2:
        ret.g_ = (float)src[1] / 255.0f;
        ret.r_ = (float)src[0] / 255.0f;
        break;
    default:
        ret.r_ = ret.g_ = ret.b_ = (float)src[0] / 255.0f;
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}

unsigned Image::GetPixelInt(int x, int y) const
{
    return GetPixelInt(x, y, 0);
}

unsigned Image::GetPixelInt(int x, int y, int z) const
{
    if (!data_ || z < 0 || z >= depth_ || IsCompressed())
        return 0xff000000;
    x = Clamp(x, 0, width_ - 1);
    y = Clamp(y, 0, height_ - 1);

    unsigned char* src = data_ + (z * width_ * height_ + y * width_ + x) * components_;
    unsigned ret = 0;
    if (components_ < 4)
        ret |= 0xff000000;

    switch (components_)
    {
    case 4:
        ret |= (unsigned)src[3] << 24;
        // Fall through
    case 3:
        ret |= (unsigned)src[2] << 16;
        // Fall through
    case 2:
        ret |= (unsigned)src[1] << 8;
        ret |= (unsigned)src[0];
        break;
    default:
        ret |= (unsigned)src[0] << 16;
        ret |= (unsigned)src[0] << 8;
        ret |= (unsigned)src[0];
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}

Color Image::GetPixelBilinear(float x, float y) const
{
    x = Clamp(x * width_ - 0.5f, 0.0f, (float)(width_ - 1));
    y = Clamp(y * height_ - 0.5f, 0.0f, (float)(height_ - 1));

    int xI = (int)x;
    int yI = (int)y;
    float xF = x - floorf(x);
    float yF = y - floorf(y);

    Color topColor = GetPixel(xI, yI).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI), xF);
    Color bottomColor = GetPixel(xI, yI + 1).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI + 1), xF);
    return topColor.Lerp(bottomColor, yF);
}

Color Image::GetPixelTrilinear(float x, float y, float z) const
{
    if (depth_ < 2)
        return GetPixelBilinear(x, y);

    x = Clamp(x * width_ - 0.5f, 0.0f, (float)(width_ - 1));
    y = Clamp(y * height_ - 0.5f, 0.0f, (float)(height_ - 1));
    z = Clamp(z * depth_ - 0.5f, 0.0f, (float)(depth_ - 1));

    int xI = (int)x;
    int yI = (int)y;
    int zI = (int)z;
    if (zI == depth_ - 1)
        return GetPixelBilinear(x, y);
    float xF = x - floorf(x);
    float yF = y - floorf(y);
    float zF = z - floorf(z);

    Color topColorNear = GetPixel(xI, yI, zI).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI, zI), xF);
    Color bottomColorNear = GetPixel(xI, yI + 1, zI).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI + 1, zI), xF);
    Color colorNear = topColorNear.Lerp(bottomColorNear, yF);
    Color topColorFar = GetPixel(xI, yI, zI + 1).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI, zI + 1), xF);
    Color bottomColorFar = GetPixel(xI, yI + 1, zI + 1).Lerp(GetPixel(xI + 1, yI + 1, zI + 1), xF);
    Color colorFar = topColorFar.Lerp(bottomColorFar, yF);
    return colorNear.Lerp(colorFar, zF);
}

SharedPtr<Image> Image::GetNextLevel() const
{
    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not generate mip level from compressed data");
        return SharedPtr<Image>();
    }
    if (components_ < 1 || components_ > 4)
    {
        LOGERROR("Illegal number of image components for mip level generation");
        return SharedPtr<Image>();
    }

    if (nextLevel_)
        return nextLevel_;

    PROFILE(CalculateImageMipLevel);

    int widthOut = width_ / 2;
    int heightOut = height_ / 2;
    int depthOut = depth_ / 2;

    if (widthOut < 1)
        widthOut = 1;
    if (heightOut < 1)
        heightOut = 1;
    if (depthOut < 1)
        depthOut = 1;

    SharedPtr<Image> mipImage(new Image(context_));

    if (depth_ > 1)
        mipImage->SetSize(widthOut, heightOut, depthOut, components_);
    else
        mipImage->SetSize(widthOut, heightOut, components_);

    const unsigned char* pixelDataIn = data_.Get();
    unsigned char* pixelDataOut = mipImage->data_.Get();

    // 1D case
    if (depth_ == 1 && (height_ == 1 || width_ == 1))
    {
        // Loop using the larger dimension
        if (widthOut < heightOut)
            widthOut = heightOut;

        switch (components_)
        {
        case 1:
            for (int x = 0; x < widthOut; ++x)
                pixelDataOut[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 1]) >> 1);
            break;

        case 2:
            for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 2; x += 2)
            {
                pixelDataOut[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 2]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 1] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 3]) >> 1);
            }
            break;

        case 3:
            for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 3; x += 3)
            {
                pixelDataOut[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 3]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 1] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 4]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 5]) >> 1);
            }
            break;

        case 4:
            for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 4; x += 4)
            {
                pixelDataOut[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 4]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 1] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 5]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 2] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 6]) >> 1);
                pixelDataOut[x + 3] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 3] + pixelDataIn[x * 2 + 7]) >> 1);
            }
            break;

        default:
            assert(false);  // Should never reach here
            break;
        }
    }
    // 2D case
    else if (depth_ == 1)
    {
        switch (components_)
        {
        case 1:
            for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
            {
                const unsigned char* inUpper = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2) * width_];
                const unsigned char* inLower = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2 + 1) * width_];
                unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[y * widthOut];

                for (int x = 0; x < widthOut; ++x)
                {
                    out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 1] +
                                              inLower[x * 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 1]) >> 2);
                }
            }
            break;

        case 2:
            for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
            {
                const unsigned char* inUpper = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2) * width_ * 2];
                const unsigned char* inLower = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 2];
                unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[y * widthOut * 2];

                for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 2; x += 2)
                {
                    out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 2] +
                                              inLower[x * 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 2]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 1] + inLower[x * 2 + 3]) >> 2);
                }
            }
            break;

        case 3:
            for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
            {
                const unsigned char* inUpper = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2) * width_ * 3];
                const unsigned char* inLower = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 3];
                unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[y * widthOut * 3];

                for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 3; x += 3)
                {
                    out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                              inLower[x * 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 3]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 1] + inLower[x * 2 + 4]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 5]) >> 2);
                }
            }
            break;

        case 4:
            for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
            {
                const unsigned char* inUpper = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2) * width_ * 4];
                const unsigned char* inLower = &pixelDataIn[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 4];
                unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[y * widthOut * 4];

                for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 4; x += 4)
                {
                    out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                              inLower[x * 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 4]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 1] + inLower[x * 2 + 5]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inUpper[x * 2 + 6] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 2] + inLower[x * 2 + 6]) >> 2);
                    out[x + 3] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inUpper[x * 2 + 3] + inUpper[x * 2 + 7] +
                                                  inLower[x * 2 + 3] + inLower[x * 2 + 7]) >> 2);
                }
            }
            break;

        default:
            assert(false);  // Should never reach here
            break;
        }
    }
    // 3D case
    else
    {
        switch (components_)
        {
        case 1:
            for (int z = 0; z < depthOut; ++z)
            {
                const unsigned char* inOuter = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2) * width_ * height_];
                const unsigned char* inInner = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2 + 1) * width_ * height_];

                for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
                {
                    const unsigned char* inOuterUpper = &inOuter[(y * 2) * width_];
                    const unsigned char* inOuterLower = &inOuter[(y * 2 + 1) * width_];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerUpper = &inInner[(y * 2) * width_];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerLower = &inInner[(y * 2 + 1) * width_];
                    unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[z * widthOut * heightOut + y * widthOut];

                    for (int x = 0; x < widthOut; ++x)
                    {
                        out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 1] +
                                                  inOuterLower[x * 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 1] +
                                                  inInnerUpper[x * 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 1] +
                                                  inInnerLower[x * 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 1]) >> 3);
                    }
                }
            }
            break;

        case 2:
            for (int z = 0; z < depthOut; ++z)
            {
                const unsigned char* inOuter = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2) * width_ * height_ * 2];
                const unsigned char* inInner = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2 + 1) * width_ * height_ * 2];

                for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
                {
                    const unsigned char* inOuterUpper = &inOuter[(y * 2) * width_ * 2];
                    const unsigned char* inOuterLower = &inOuter[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 2];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerUpper = &inInner[(y * 2) * width_ * 2];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerLower = &inInner[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 2];
                    unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[z * widthOut * heightOut * 2 + y * widthOut * 2];

                    for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 2; x += 2)
                    {
                        out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 2] +
                                                  inOuterLower[x * 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 2] +
                                                  inInnerUpper[x * 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 2] +
                                                  inInnerLower[x * 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 2]) >> 3);
                        out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                      inOuterLower[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                      inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                      inInnerLower[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 3]) >> 3);
                    }
                }
            }
            break;

        case 3:
            for (int z = 0; z < depthOut; ++z)
            {
                const unsigned char* inOuter = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2) * width_ * height_ * 3];
                const unsigned char* inInner = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2 + 1) * width_ * height_ * 3];

                for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
                {
                    const unsigned char* inOuterUpper = &inOuter[(y * 2) * width_ * 3];
                    const unsigned char* inOuterLower = &inOuter[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 3];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerUpper = &inInner[(y * 2) * width_ * 3];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerLower = &inInner[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 3];
                    unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[z * widthOut * heightOut * 3 + y * widthOut * 3];

                    for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 3; x += 3)
                    {
                        out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                  inOuterLower[x * 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                  inInnerUpper[x * 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 3] +
                                                  inInnerLower[x * 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 3]) >> 3);
                        out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                      inOuterLower[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                      inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                      inInnerLower[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 4]) >> 3);
                        out[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inOuterLower[x * 2 + 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inInnerLower[x * 2 + 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 5]) >> 3);
                    }
                }
            }
            break;

        case 4:
            for (int z = 0; z < depthOut; ++z)
            {
                const unsigned char* inOuter = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2) * width_ * height_ * 4];
                const unsigned char* inInner = &pixelDataIn[(z * 2 + 1) * width_ * height_ * 4];

                for (int y = 0; y < heightOut; ++y)
                {
                    const unsigned char* inOuterUpper = &inOuter[(y * 2) * width_ * 4];
                    const unsigned char* inOuterLower = &inOuter[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 4];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerUpper = &inInner[(y * 2) * width_ * 4];
                    const unsigned char* inInnerLower = &inInner[(y * 2 + 1) * width_ * 4];
                    unsigned char* out = &pixelDataOut[z * widthOut * heightOut * 4 + y * widthOut * 4];

                    for (int x = 0; x < widthOut * 4; x += 4)
                    {
                        out[x] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                  inOuterLower[x * 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                  inInnerUpper[x * 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 4] +
                                                  inInnerLower[x * 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 4]) >> 3);
                        out[x + 1] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inOuterLower[x * 2 + 1] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 5] +
                                                      inInnerLower[x * 2 + 1] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 5]) >> 3);
                        out[x + 2] = (unsigned char)(((unsigned)inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inOuterUpper[x * 2 + 6] +
                                                      inOuterLower[x * 2 + 2] + inOuterLower[x * 2 + 6] +
                                                      inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 2] + inInnerUpper[x * 2 + 6] +
                                                      inInnerLower[x * 2 + 2] + inInnerLower[x * 2 + 6]) >> 3);
                    }
                }
            }
            break;

        default:
            assert(false);  // Should never reach here
            break;
        }
    }

    return mipImage;
}

SharedPtr<Image> Image::ConvertToRGBA() const
{
    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not convert compressed image to RGBA");
        return SharedPtr<Image>();
    }
    if (components_ < 1 || components_ > 4)
    {
        LOGERROR("Illegal number of image components for conversion to RGBA");
        return SharedPtr<Image>();
    }
    if (!data_)
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not convert image without data to RGBA");
        return SharedPtr<Image>();
    }

    // Already RGBA?
    if (components_ == 4)
        return SharedPtr<Image>(const_cast<Image*>(this));

    SharedPtr<Image> ret(new Image(context_));
    ret->SetSize(width_, height_, depth_, 4);

    const unsigned char* src = data_;
    unsigned char* dest = ret->GetData();

    switch (components_)
    {
    case 1:
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < static_cast<unsigned>(width_ * height_ * depth_); ++i)
        {
            unsigned char pixel = *src++;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = 255;
        }
        break;

    case 2:
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < static_cast<unsigned>(width_ * height_ * depth_); ++i)
        {
            unsigned char pixel = *src++;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = pixel;
            *dest++ = *src++;
        }
        break;

    case 3:
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < static_cast<unsigned>(width_ * height_ * depth_); ++i)
        {
            *dest++ = *src++;
            *dest++ = *src++;
            *dest++ = *src++;
            *dest++ = 255;
        }
        break;

    default:
        assert(false);  // Should never reach nere
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}

CompressedLevel Image::GetCompressedLevel(unsigned index) const
{
    CompressedLevel level;

    if (compressedFormat_ == CF_NONE)
    {
        LOGERROR("Image is not compressed");
        return level;
    }
    if (index >= numCompressedLevels_)
    {
        LOGERROR("Compressed image mip level out of bounds");
        return level;
    }

    level.format_ = compressedFormat_;
    level.width_ = width_;
    level.height_ = height_;
    level.depth_ = depth_;

    if (compressedFormat_ == CF_RGBA)
    {
        level.blockSize_ = 4;
        unsigned i = 0;
        unsigned offset = 0;

        for (;;)
        {
            if (!level.width_)
                level.width_ = 1;
            if (!level.height_)
                level.height_ = 1;
            if (!level.depth_)
                level.depth_ = 1;

            level.rowSize_ = level.width_ * level.blockSize_;
            level.rows_ = (unsigned)level.height_;
            level.data_ = data_.Get() + offset;
            level.dataSize_ = level.depth_ * level.rows_ * level.rowSize_;

            if (offset + level.dataSize_ > GetMemoryUse())
            {
                LOGERROR("Compressed level is outside image data. Offset: " + String(offset) + " Size: " + String(level.dataSize_) +
                         " Datasize: " + String(GetMemoryUse()));
                level.data_ = 0;
                return level;
            }

            if (i == index)
                return level;

            offset += level.dataSize_;
            level.width_ /= 2;
            level.height_ /= 2;
            level.depth_ /= 2;
            ++i;
        }
    }
    else if (compressedFormat_ < CF_PVRTC_RGB_2BPP)
    {
        level.blockSize_ = (compressedFormat_ == CF_DXT1 || compressedFormat_ == CF_ETC1) ? 8 : 16;
        unsigned i = 0;
        unsigned offset = 0;

        for (;;)
        {
            if (!level.width_)
                level.width_ = 1;
            if (!level.height_)
                level.height_ = 1;
            if (!level.depth_)
                level.depth_ = 1;

            level.rowSize_ = ((level.width_ + 3) / 4) * level.blockSize_;
            level.rows_ = (unsigned)((level.height_ + 3) / 4);
            level.data_ = data_.Get() + offset;
            level.dataSize_ = level.depth_ * level.rows_ * level.rowSize_;

            if (offset + level.dataSize_ > GetMemoryUse())
            {
                LOGERROR("Compressed level is outside image data. Offset: " + String(offset) + " Size: " + String(level.dataSize_) +
                         " Datasize: " + String(GetMemoryUse()));
                level.data_ = 0;
                return level;
            }

            if (i == index)
                return level;

            offset += level.dataSize_;
            level.width_ /= 2;
            level.height_ /= 2;
            level.depth_ /= 2;
            ++i;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        level.blockSize_ = compressedFormat_ < CF_PVRTC_RGB_4BPP ? 2 : 4;
        unsigned i = 0;
        unsigned offset = 0;

        for (;;)
        {
            if (!level.width_)
                level.width_ = 1;
            if (!level.height_)
                level.height_ = 1;

            int dataWidth = Max(level.width_, level.blockSize_ == 2 ? 16 : 8);
            int dataHeight = Max(level.height_, 8);
            level.data_ = data_.Get() + offset;
            level.dataSize_ = (dataWidth * dataHeight * level.blockSize_ + 7) >> 3;
            level.rows_ = (unsigned)dataHeight;
            level.rowSize_ = level.dataSize_ / level.rows_;

            if (offset + level.dataSize_ > GetMemoryUse())
            {
                LOGERROR("Compressed level is outside image data. Offset: " + String(offset) + " Size: " + String(level.dataSize_) +
                         " Datasize: " + String(GetMemoryUse()));
                level.data_ = 0;
                return level;
            }

            if (i == index)
                return level;

            offset += level.dataSize_;
            level.width_ /= 2;
            level.height_ /= 2;
            ++i;
        }
    }
}

Image* Image::GetSubimage(const IntRect& rect) const
{
    if (!data_)
        return 0;

    if (depth_ > 1)
    {
        LOGERROR("Subimage not supported for 3D images");
        return 0;
    }

    if (rect.left_ < 0 || rect.top_ < 0 || rect.right_ > width_ || rect.bottom_ > height_ || !rect.Width() || !rect.Height())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not get subimage from image " + GetName() + " with invalid region");
        return 0;
    }

    if (!IsCompressed())
    {
        int x = rect.left_;
        int y = rect.top_;
        int width = rect.Width();
        int height = rect.Height();

        Image* image = new Image(context_);
        image->SetSize(width, height, components_);

        unsigned char* dest = image->GetData();
        unsigned char* src = data_.Get() + (y * width_ + x) * components_;
        for (int i = 0; i < height; ++i)
        {
            memcpy(dest, src, width * components_);
            dest += width * components_;
            src += width_ * components_;
        }

        return image;
    }
    else
    {
        // Pad the region to be a multiple of block size
        IntRect paddedRect = rect;
        paddedRect.left_ = (rect.left_ / 4) * 4;
        paddedRect.top_ = (rect.top_ / 4) * 4;
        paddedRect.right_ = (rect.right_ / 4) * 4;
        paddedRect.bottom_ = (rect.bottom_ / 4) * 4;
        IntRect currentRect = paddedRect;

        PODVector<unsigned char> subimageData;
        unsigned subimageLevels = 0;

        // Save as many mips as possible until the next mip would cross a block boundary
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < numCompressedLevels_; ++i)
        {
            CompressedLevel level = GetCompressedLevel(i);
            if (!level.data_)
                break;

            // Mips are stored continuously
            unsigned destStartOffset = subimageData.Size();
            unsigned destRowSize = currentRect.Width() / 4 * level.blockSize_;
            unsigned destSize = currentRect.Height() / 4 * destRowSize;
            if (!destSize)
                break;

            subimageData.Resize(destStartOffset + destSize);
            unsigned char* dest = &subimageData[destStartOffset];

            for (int y = currentRect.top_; y < currentRect.bottom_; y += 4)
            {
                unsigned char* src = level.data_ + level.rowSize_ * (y / 4) + currentRect.left_ / 4 * level.blockSize_;
                memcpy(dest, src, destRowSize);
                dest += destRowSize;
            }

            ++subimageLevels;
            if ((currentRect.left_ & 4) || (currentRect.right_ & 4) || (currentRect.top_ & 4) || (currentRect.bottom_ & 4))
                break;
            else
            {
                currentRect.left_ /= 2;
                currentRect.right_ /= 2;
                currentRect.top_ /= 2;
                currentRect.bottom_ /= 2;
            }
        }

        if (!subimageLevels)
        {
            LOGERROR("Subimage region from compressed image " + GetName() + " did not produce any data");
            return 0;
        }

        Image* image = new Image(context_);
        image->width_ = paddedRect.Width();
        image->height_ = paddedRect.Height();
        image->depth_ = 1;
        image->compressedFormat_ = compressedFormat_;
        image->numCompressedLevels_ = subimageLevels;
        image->components_ = components_;
        image->data_ = new unsigned char[subimageData.Size()];
        memcpy(image->data_.Get(), &subimageData[0], subimageData.Size());
        image->SetMemoryUse(subimageData.Size());

        return image;
    }
}

SDL_Surface* Image::GetSDLSurface(const IntRect& rect) const
{
    if (!data_)
        return 0;

    if (depth_ > 1)
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not get SDL surface from 3D image");
        return 0;
    }

    if (IsCompressed())
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not get SDL surface from compressed image " + GetName());
        return 0;
    }

    if (components_ < 3)
    {
        LOGERROR("Can not get SDL surface from image " + GetName() + " with less than 3 components");
        return 0;
    }

    IntRect imageRect = rect;
    // Use full image if illegal rect
    if (imageRect.left_ < 0 || imageRect.top_ < 0 || imageRect.right_ > width_ || imageRect.bottom_ > height_ ||
        imageRect.left_ >= imageRect.right_ || imageRect.top_ >= imageRect.bottom_)
    {
        imageRect.left_ = 0;
        imageRect.top_ = 0;
        imageRect.right_ = width_;
        imageRect.bottom_ = height_;
    }

    int imageWidth = width_;
    int width = imageRect.Width();
    int height = imageRect.Height();

    // Assume little-endian for all the supported platforms
    unsigned rMask = 0x000000ff;
    unsigned gMask = 0x0000ff00;
    unsigned bMask = 0x00ff0000;
    unsigned aMask = 0xff000000;

    SDL_Surface* surface = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, width, height, components_ * 8, rMask, gMask, bMask, aMask);
    if (surface)
    {
        SDL_LockSurface(surface);

        unsigned char* destination = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(surface->pixels);
        unsigned char* source = data_ + components_ * (imageWidth * imageRect.top_ + imageRect.left_);
        for (int i = 0; i < height; ++i)
        {
            memcpy(destination, source, components_ * width);
            destination += surface->pitch;
            source += components_ * imageWidth;
        }

        SDL_UnlockSurface(surface);
    }
    else
        LOGERROR("Failed to create SDL surface from image " + GetName());

    return surface;
}

void Image::PrecalculateLevels()
{
    if (!data_ || IsCompressed())
        return;

    PROFILE(PrecalculateImageMipLevels);

    nextLevel_.Reset();

    if (width_ > 1 || height_ > 1)
    {
        SharedPtr<Image> current = GetNextLevel();
        nextLevel_ = current;
        while (current && (current->width_ > 1 || current->height_ > 1))
        {
            current->nextLevel_ = current->GetNextLevel();
            current = current->nextLevel_;
        }
    }
}

unsigned char* Image::GetImageData(Deserializer& source, int& width, int& height, unsigned& components)
{
    unsigned dataSize = source.GetSize();

    SharedArrayPtr<unsigned char> buffer(new unsigned char[dataSize]);
    source.Read(buffer.Get(), dataSize);
    // #623 BEGIN TODO: Crunch expects all 4 components. This isn't ideal, but since
    // precompressed versions should always be loaded anyway it doesn't matter.
    // Might need to handle differently per platform.
        components = 4;
        return stbi_load_from_memory(buffer.Get(), dataSize, &width, &height, nullptr, components);
    // #623 END TODO: Crunch expects all 4 components. This isn't ideal, but since
    }

void Image::FreeImageData(unsigned char* pixelData)
{
    if (!pixelData)
        return;

    stbi_image_free(pixelData);
}

}