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+# Neutral (Unowned) Barracks Implementation
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+
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+## Overview
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+This document describes the implementation of neutral barracks - barracks that exist on the map without an assigned owner.
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+
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+## Neutral Owner ID
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+- Constant: `Game::Core::NEUTRAL_OWNER_ID = -1`
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+- Defined in: `game/core/ownership_constants.h`
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+- Helper function: `Game::Core::isNeutralOwner(int ownerId)`
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+
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+## Key Implementation Points
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+
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+### Map Loading (`game/map/map_loader.cpp`)
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+- The `readSpawns` function checks if `playerId` is present in the JSON
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+- If missing or null, assigns `NEUTRAL_OWNER_ID (-1)`
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+- Example JSON:
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+ ```json
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+ {
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+ "type": "barracks",
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+ "x": 50,
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+ "z": 50,
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+ "maxPopulation": 150
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+### Map Transformation (`game/map/map_transformer.cpp`)
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+- Skips registering neutral spawns as players in the `OwnerRegistry`
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+- Neutral entities are not added to any team or player group
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+
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+### Barracks Initialization (`game/units/barracks.cpp`)
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+- Checks `isNeutralOwner(m_u->ownerId)` before adding `ProductionComponent`
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+- Neutral barracks do NOT get a production component
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+- Still registered in `BuildingCollisionRegistry` for pathfinding/collision
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+- Still publishes `UnitSpawnedEvent` (with neutral owner ID)
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+
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+### Visual Rendering (`game/visuals/team_colors.h`)
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+- `teamColorForOwner()` returns gray color (0.5, 0.5, 0.5) for neutral owners
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+- Neutral barracks appear visually distinct from player-owned barracks
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+
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+### Production System (`game/systems/production_system.cpp`)
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+- Added safety check to skip entities with neutral ownership
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+- Since neutral barracks don't have `ProductionComponent`, this is defensive
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+
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+### AI System (`game/systems/ai_system/behaviors/production_behavior.cpp`)
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+- Added explicit check to skip neutral barracks
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+- AI's `AISnapshot` only includes owned entities, so neutral barracks are already excluded
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+- Extra check added for safety and clarity
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+
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+## Combat and Interaction
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+- Neutral barracks can be attacked (combat system allows it)
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+- They behave as enemies to all players (not allies with anyone)
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+- Future capture mechanics can change ownership from neutral to a player
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+
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+## Testing
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+- Test map: `assets/maps/neutral_barracks_test.json`
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+- Contains barracks for player 1, neutral barracks, and barracks for player 2
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+
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+## Future Enhancements
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+- Implement capture mechanics to claim neutral barracks
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+- Add visual indicators for neutral structures (flags, icons)
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+- Consider making neutral structures invulnerable until capture initiated
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