David Rose 23 years ago
parent
commit
b38c84c55c

+ 110 - 0
panda/src/dxgsg8/wdxGraphicsPipe8.cxx.old

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// Filename: wdxGraphicsPipe.cxx
+// Created by:  mike (09Jan97)
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
+// Copyright (c) 2001, Disney Enterprises, Inc.  All rights reserved
+//
+// All use of this software is subject to the terms of the Panda 3d
+// Software license.  You should have received a copy of this license
+// along with this source code; you will also find a current copy of
+// the license at http://www.panda3d.org/license.txt .
+//
+// To contact the maintainers of this program write to
+// [email protected] .
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#include "wdxGraphicsPipe8.h"
+#include "config_wdxdisplay8.h"
+#include <mouseButton.h>
+#include <keyboardButton.h>
+#include <dxerr8.h>
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Static variables
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsPipe::_type_handle;
+
+//wdxGraphicsPipe *global_pipe;
+
+wdxGraphicsPipe::wdxGraphicsPipe(const PipeSpecifier& spec)
+: InteractiveGraphicsPipe(spec) {
+//    _width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
+//    _height = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
+    _shift = false;
+//  global_pipe = this;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: wdxGraphicsPipe::get_window_type
+//       Access: Public, Virtual
+//  Description: Returns the TypeHandle of the kind of window
+//               preferred by this kind of pipe.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsPipe::
+get_window_type() const {
+    return wdxGraphicsWindow::get_class_type();
+}
+
+GraphicsPipe *wdxGraphicsPipe::
+make_wdxGraphicsPipe(const FactoryParams &params) {
+    GraphicsPipe::PipeSpec *pipe_param;
+    if(!get_param_into(pipe_param, params)) {
+        return new wdxGraphicsPipe(PipeSpecifier());
+    } else {
+        return new wdxGraphicsPipe(pipe_param->get_specifier());
+    }
+}
+
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsPipe::get_class_type(void) {
+    return _type_handle;
+}
+
+const char *pipe_type_name="wdxGraphicsPipe8";
+
+void wdxGraphicsPipe::init_type(void) {
+    InteractiveGraphicsPipe::init_type();
+    register_type(_type_handle, pipe_type_name,
+                  InteractiveGraphicsPipe::get_class_type());
+}
+
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsPipe::get_type(void) const {
+    return get_class_type();
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsPipe::wdxGraphicsPipe(void) {
+    wdxdisplay_cat.error()
+    << pipe_type_name <<"s should not be created with the default constructor" << endl;
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsPipe::wdxGraphicsPipe(const wdxGraphicsPipe&) {
+    wdxdisplay_cat.error()
+    << pipe_type_name << "s should not be copied" << endl;
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsPipe& wdxGraphicsPipe::operator=(const wdxGraphicsPipe&) {
+    wdxdisplay_cat.error()
+    << pipe_type_name << "s should not be assigned" << endl;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: find_window
+//       Access:
+//  Description: Find the window that has the xwindow "win" in the
+//       window list for the pipe (if it exists)
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+wdxGraphicsWindow *wdxGraphicsPipe::
+find_window(HWND win) {
+    int num_windows = get_num_windows();
+    for(int w = 0; w < num_windows; w++) {
+        wdxGraphicsWindow *window = DCAST(wdxGraphicsWindow, get_window(w));
+        if((window->_dxgsg!=NULL) && (window->_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd == win))
+            return window;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+

+ 72 - 0
panda/src/dxgsg8/wdxGraphicsPipe8.h.old

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Filename: wdxGraphicsPipe.h
+// Created by:  mike (09Jan97)
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
+// Copyright (c) 2001, Disney Enterprises, Inc.  All rights reserved
+//
+// All use of this software is subject to the terms of the Panda 3d
+// Software license.  You should have received a copy of this license
+// along with this source code; you will also find a current copy of
+// the license at http://www.panda3d.org/license.txt .
+//
+// To contact the maintainers of this program write to
+// [email protected] .
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#ifndef WDXGRAPHICSPIPE8_H
+#define WDXGRAPHICSPIPE8_H
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Includes
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#include <pandabase.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <interactiveGraphicsPipe.h>
+#include "wdxGraphicsWindow8.h"
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Defines
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//       Class : wdxGraphicsPipe
+// Description :
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+class EXPCL_PANDADX wdxGraphicsPipe : public InteractiveGraphicsPipe {
+public:
+  wdxGraphicsPipe(const PipeSpecifier&);
+
+  wdxGraphicsWindow* find_window(HWND win);
+//  ButtonHandle lookup_key(WPARAM wparam) const;
+
+  virtual TypeHandle get_window_type() const;
+
+public:
+
+  static GraphicsPipe* make_wdxGraphicsPipe(const FactoryParams &params);
+
+  static TypeHandle get_class_type(void);
+  static void init_type(void);
+  virtual TypeHandle get_type(void) const;
+  virtual TypeHandle force_init_type() {init_type(); return get_class_type();}
+
+private:
+
+  static TypeHandle _type_handle;
+
+//  int               _width;
+//  int               _height;
+  bool              _shift;
+
+protected:
+
+  wdxGraphicsPipe(void);
+  wdxGraphicsPipe(const wdxGraphicsPipe&);
+  wdxGraphicsPipe& operator=(const wdxGraphicsPipe&);
+
+};
+
+#endif

+ 3458 - 0
panda/src/dxgsg8/wdxGraphicsWindow8.cxx.old

@@ -0,0 +1,3458 @@
+// Filename: wdxGraphicsWindow.cxx
+// Created by:  mike (09Jan00)
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
+// Copyright (c) 2001, Disney Enterprises, Inc.  All rights reserved
+//
+// All use of this software is subject to the terms of the Panda 3d
+// Software license.  You should have received a copy of this license
+// along with this source code; you will also find a current copy of
+// the license at http://www.panda3d.org/license.txt .
+//
+// To contact the maintainers of this program write to
+// [email protected] .
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <tchar.h>
+#include "wdxGraphicsWindow8.h"
+#include "wdxGraphicsPipe8.h"
+#include "config_wdxdisplay8.h"
+
+#include <keyboardButton.h>
+#include <mouseButton.h>
+#include <throw_event.h>
+
+#ifdef DO_PSTATS
+#include <pStatTimer.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <ddraw.h>
+#include <map>
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Static variables
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsWindow::_type_handle;
+
+#define LAST_ERROR 0
+#define ERRORBOX_TITLE "Panda3D Error"
+#define WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME "wdxDisplay"
+#define WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME_NOCURSOR WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME "_NoCursor"
+#define DEFAULT_CURSOR IDC_ARROW
+
+// define this to enable debug testing of dinput joystick
+//#define DINPUT_DEBUG_POLL
+
+typedef map<HWND,wdxGraphicsWindow *> HWND_PANDAWIN_MAP;
+
+// CardIDVec is used in DX7 lowmem card-classification pass so DX8 can
+// establish correspondence b/w DX7 mem info & DX8 device
+typedef struct {
+   HMONITOR hMon;
+   DWORD MaxAvailVidMem;
+   bool  bIsLowVidMemCard;
+   GUID  DX7_DeviceGUID;
+   DWORD VendorID,DeviceID;
+//   char  szDriver[MAX_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_STRING];
+} CardID;
+
+typedef vector<CardID> CardIDVec;
+static CardIDVec *g_pCardIDVec=NULL;
+
+HWND_PANDAWIN_MAP hwnd_pandawin_map;
+wdxGraphicsWindow* global_wdxwinptr = NULL;  // need this for temporary windproc
+
+#define MAX_DISPLAYS 20
+
+#define PAUSED_TIMER_ID        7   // completely arbitrary choice
+#define JOYSTICK_POLL_TIMER_ID 8
+#define DX_IS_READY ((_dxgsg!=NULL)&&(_dxgsg->GetDXReady()))
+
+LONG WINAPI static_window_proc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam);
+
+// imperfect method to ID NVid? could also scan desc str, but that isnt fullproof either
+#define IS_NVIDIA(DDDEVICEID) ((DDDEVICEID.VendorId==0x10DE) || (DDDEVICEID.VendorId==0x12D2))
+#define IS_ATI(DDDEVICEID) (DDDEVICEID.VendorId==0x1002)
+#define IS_MATROX(DDDEVICEID) (DDDEVICEID.VendorId==0x102B)
+
+// because we dont have access to ModifierButtons, as a hack just synchronize state of these
+// keys on get/lose keybd focus
+#define NUM_MODIFIER_KEYS 16
+unsigned int hardcoded_modifier_buttons[NUM_MODIFIER_KEYS]={VK_SHIFT,VK_MENU,VK_CONTROL,VK_SPACE,VK_TAB,
+                                         VK_UP,VK_DOWN,VK_LEFT,VK_RIGHT,VK_PRIOR,VK_NEXT,VK_HOME,VK_END,
+                                         VK_INSERT,VK_DELETE,VK_ESCAPE};
+
+#define UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE 0xFFFFFFFF
+/*
+static DWORD BitDepth_2_DDBDMask(DWORD iBitDepth) {
+    switch(iBitDepth) {
+        case 16: return DDBD_16;
+        case 32: return DDBD_32;
+        case 24: return DDBD_24;
+        case 8: return DDBD_8;
+        case 1: return DDBD_1;
+        case 2: return DDBD_2;
+        case 4: return DDBD_4;
+    }
+    return 0x0;
+}
+
+typedef enum {DBGLEV_FATAL,DBGLEV_ERROR,DBGLEV_WARNING,DBGLEV_INFO,DBGLEV_DEBUG,DBGLEV_SPAM
+    } DebugLevels;
+
+void PrintDBGStr(DebugLevels level,HRESULT hr,const char *msgstr) {
+    ostream *pstrm;
+    static ostream dbg_strms[DBGLEV_SPAM+1]={wdxdisplay_cat.fatal,wdxdisplay_cat.error,
+        wdxdisplay_cat.warning,wdxdisplay_cat.info,wdxdisplay_cat.debug,wdxdisplay_cat.spam};
+    assert(level<=DBGLEV_SPAM);
+
+    pstrm=dbg_strms[level];
+    (*pstrm)->fatal() << "GetDisplayMode failed, hr = " << ConvD3DErrorToString(hr) << endl;
+}
+*/
+
+// pops up MsgBox w/system error msg
+#define LAST_ERROR 0
+void PrintErrorMessage(DWORD msgID) {
+   LPTSTR pMessageBuffer;
+
+   if(msgID==LAST_ERROR)
+     msgID=GetLastError();
+
+   FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
+                 NULL,msgID,
+                 MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), //The user default language
+                 (LPTSTR) &pMessageBuffer,  // the weird ptrptr->ptr cast is intentional, see FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER
+                 1024, NULL);
+   MessageBox(GetDesktopWindow(),pMessageBuffer,_T(ERRORBOX_TITLE),MB_OK);
+   wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "System error msg: " << pMessageBuffer << endl;
+   LocalFree( pMessageBuffer );
+}
+
+//#if defined(NOTIFY_DEBUG) || defined(DO_PSTATS)
+//#ifdef _DEBUG
+#if 0
+extern void dbgPrintVidMem(LPDIRECTDRAW7 pDD, LPDDSCAPS2 lpddsCaps,const char *pMsg) {
+    DWORD dwTotal,dwFree;
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+ //  These Caps bits arent allowed to be specified when calling GetAvailVidMem.
+ //  They don't affect surface allocation in a vram heap.
+
+#define AVAILVIDMEM_BADCAPS  (DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER   | \
+                              DDSCAPS_FRONTBUFFER  | \
+                              DDSCAPS_COMPLEX      | \
+                              DDSCAPS_FLIP         | \
+                              DDSCAPS_OWNDC        | \
+                              DDSCAPS_PALETTE      | \
+                              DDSCAPS_SYSTEMMEMORY | \
+                              DDSCAPS_VISIBLE      | \
+                              DDSCAPS_WRITEONLY)
+
+    DDSCAPS2 ddsCaps = *lpddsCaps;
+    ddsCaps.dwCaps &= ~(AVAILVIDMEM_BADCAPS);  // turn off the bad caps
+//  ddsCaps.dwCaps |= DDSCAPS_VIDEOMEMORY; done internally by DX anyway
+
+    if(FAILED(  hr = pDD->GetAvailableVidMem(&ddsCaps,&dwTotal,&dwFree))) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "GetAvailableVidMem failed : hr = " << ConvD3DErrorToString(hr) << endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+  // Write a debug message to the console reporting the texture memory.
+    char tmpstr[100],tmpstr2[100];
+    sprintf(tmpstr,"%.4g",dwTotal/1000000.0);
+    sprintf(tmpstr2,"%.4g",dwFree/1000000.0);
+    if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+       wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "AvailableVidMem before creating "<< pMsg << ",(megs) total: " << tmpstr << "  free:" << tmpstr2 <<endl;
+}
+#endif
+
+void ClearToBlack(HWND hWnd,GraphicsWindow::Properties &props) {
+    // clear to black
+    HDC hDC=GetDC(hWnd);  // GetDC is not particularly fast.  if this needs to be super-quick, we should cache GetDC's hDC
+    RECT clrRect={props._xorg,props._yorg,props._xorg+props._xsize,props._yorg+props._ysize};
+    FillRect(hDC,&clrRect,(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH));
+//          PatBlt(hDC,_props._xorg,_props._yorg,_props._xsize,_props._ysize,BLACKNESS);
+    ReleaseDC(hWnd,hDC);
+    GdiFlush();
+}
+
+// fn exists so AtExitFn can call it without refcntr blowing up since its !=0
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::DestroyMe(bool bAtExitFnCalled) {
+  if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+      wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "DestroyMe called, AtExitFnCalled=" << bAtExitFnCalled << endl;
+
+  _exiting_window = true;  // may be needed for DestroyWindow call
+  DXScreenData scrn;
+  memcpy(&scrn,&_dxgsg->scrn,sizeof(DXScreenData));
+
+  if(_dxgsg!=NULL) {
+      _dxgsg->dx_cleanup(_props._fullscreen, bAtExitFnCalled);
+      _dxgsg=NULL;
+  }
+
+/*
+  if(scrn._hdc!=NULL) {
+    ReleaseDC(scrn.hWnd,scrn._hdc);
+//    _hdc = NULL;
+  }
+*/
+
+  if(scrn.hWnd!=NULL) {
+    DestroyWindow(scrn.hWnd);
+    hwnd_pandawin_map.erase(scrn.hWnd);
+  }
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::do_close_window() {
+  GraphicsWindow::do_close_window();
+   DestroyMe(false);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: Destructor
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+wdxGraphicsWindow::~wdxGraphicsWindow(void) {
+   close_window();
+}
+
+void DestroyAllWindows(bool bAtExitFnCalled) {
+   // need to go through all windows in map var and delete them
+   while(!hwnd_pandawin_map.empty()) {
+     // cant use a for loop cause DestroyMe erases things out from under us, so iterator is invalid
+     HWND_PANDAWIN_MAP::iterator pwin = hwnd_pandawin_map.begin();
+     if((*pwin).second != NULL)
+         (*pwin).second->DestroyMe(bAtExitFnCalled);
+   }
+}
+
+void AtExitFn() {
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+    wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "AtExitFn called\n";
+#endif
+
+     restore_global_parameters();
+
+     DestroyAllWindows(true);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: wdxGraphicsWindow::set_window_handle
+//       Access: Public
+//  Description: This is called on the object once the actual Window
+//               has been created.  It gives the window handle of the
+//               created window so the wdxGraphicsWindow object can
+//               perform any additional initialization based on this.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+set_window_handle(HWND hwnd) {
+  // Tell the associated dxGSG about the window handle.
+  _dxgsg->scrn.hWnd = hwnd;
+
+  // Determine the initial open status of the IME.
+  _ime_open = false;
+  _ime_active = false;
+  HIMC hIMC = ImmGetContext(hwnd);
+  if (hIMC != 0) {
+    _ime_open = (ImmGetOpenStatus(hIMC) != 0);
+    ImmReleaseContext(hwnd, hIMC);
+  }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: static_window_proc
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+LONG WINAPI static_window_proc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam) {
+   HWND_PANDAWIN_MAP::iterator pwin;
+   pwin=hwnd_pandawin_map.find(hwnd);
+
+   if(pwin!=hwnd_pandawin_map.end()) {
+      wdxGraphicsWindow *wdxwinptr=(*pwin).second;
+      return wdxwinptr->window_proc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam);
+   } else if(global_wdxwinptr!=NULL){
+       // this stuff should only be used during CreateWindow()
+       return global_wdxwinptr->window_proc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam);
+   } else {
+       // should never need this??  (maybe at shutdwn?)
+       return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam);
+   }
+}
+
+// Note: could use _TrackMouseEvent in comctrl32.dll (part of IE 3.0+) which emulates
+// TrackMouseEvent on w95, but that requires another 500K of memory to hold that DLL,
+// which is lame just to support w95, which probably has other issues anyway
+INLINE void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+track_mouse_leaving(HWND hwnd) {
+  TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme = {sizeof(TRACKMOUSEEVENT),TME_LEAVE,hwnd,0};
+  BOOL bSucceeded = TrackMouseEvent(&tme);  // tell win32 to post WM_MOUSELEAVE msgs
+
+  if((!bSucceeded) && wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+     wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "TrackMouseEvent failed!, LastError=" << GetLastError() << endl;
+
+  _tracking_mouse_leaving=true;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: window_proc
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+LONG wdxGraphicsWindow::
+window_proc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam) {
+    int button = -1;
+    int x, y, width, height;
+
+    switch(msg) {
+         case WM_PAINT: {
+            if((_WindowAdjustingType != NotAdjusting) || (!DX_IS_READY)) {
+              // let DefWndProc do WM_ERASEBKGND & just draw black,
+              // rather than forcing Present to stretchblt the old window contents
+              // into the new size
+              break;
+            }
+
+            PAINTSTRUCT ps;
+            BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
+            if(DX_IS_READY) {
+               _dxgsg->show_frame(true);  // 'true' since just want to show the last rendered backbuf, if any
+            }
+            EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        case WM_MOUSEMOVE: {
+            if(!DX_IS_READY)
+                break;
+
+            // Win32 doesn't return the same numbers as X does when the mouse
+            // goes beyond the upper or left side of the window
+            #define SET_MOUSE_COORD(iVal,VAL) { \
+                    iVal = VAL;                   \
+                    if(iVal & 0x8000)             \
+                      iVal -= 0x10000;            \
+            }
+
+            if(!_tracking_mouse_leaving) {
+                // need to re-call TrackMouseEvent every time mouse re-enters window
+                track_mouse_leaving(hwnd);
+            }
+
+            WORD newX=LOWORD(lparam);
+            WORD newY=HIWORD(lparam);
+
+            SET_MOUSE_COORD(x,newX);
+            SET_MOUSE_COORD(y,newY);
+
+            handle_mouse_motion(x, y);
+            if(_props._fullscreen && (_dxgsg!=NULL) && (_dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice!=NULL))
+                _dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice->SetCursorPosition(newX,newY,D3DCURSOR_IMMEDIATE_UPDATE);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // if cursor is invisible, make it visible when moving in the window bars,etc
+        case WM_NCMOUSEMOVE: {
+            if(!_props._bCursorIsVisible) {
+                if(!_cursor_in_windowclientarea) {
+//                  SetCursor(_pParentWindowGroup->_hMouseCursor);
+                    ShowCursor(true);
+                    _cursor_in_windowclientarea=true;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case WM_NCMOUSELEAVE: {
+            if(!_props._bCursorIsVisible) {
+                ShowCursor(false);
+//              SetCursor(NULL);
+                _cursor_in_windowclientarea=false;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case WM_MOUSELEAVE: {
+           // wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "XXXXX WM_MOUSELEAVE received\n";
+
+           _tracking_mouse_leaving=false;
+           handle_mouse_exit();
+           break;
+        }
+
+        case WM_CREATE: {
+          track_mouse_leaving(hwnd);
+          _cursor_in_windowclientarea=false;
+          ClearToBlack(hwnd,_props);
+          set_cursor_visibility(true);
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case WM_IME_NOTIFY:
+          if (wparam == IMN_SETOPENSTATUS) {
+            HIMC hIMC = ImmGetContext(hwnd);
+            nassertr(hIMC != 0, 0);
+            _ime_open = (ImmGetOpenStatus(hIMC) != 0);
+            if (!_ime_open) {
+              _ime_active = false;  // Sanity enforcement.
+            }
+            ImmReleaseContext(hwnd, hIMC);
+          }
+          break;
+
+        case WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION:
+          // In case we're running fullscreen mode, we have to turn on
+          // explicit DX support for overlay windows now, so we'll be able
+          // to see the IME window.
+          _dxgsg->support_overlay_window(true);
+          _ime_active = true;
+          break;
+
+        case WM_IME_ENDCOMPOSITION:
+          // Turn off the support for overlay windows, since we're done
+          // with the IME window for now and it just slows things down.
+          _dxgsg->support_overlay_window(false);
+          _ime_active = false;
+          break;
+
+        case WM_IME_COMPOSITION:
+          if (lparam & GCS_RESULTSTR) {
+            if (!_input_devices.empty()) {
+              HIMC hIMC = ImmGetContext(hwnd);
+              nassertr(hIMC != 0, 0);
+
+              static const int max_ime_result = 128;
+              static char ime_result[max_ime_result];
+
+              if (_ime_composition_w) {
+                // Since ImmGetCompositionStringA() doesn't seem to work
+                // for Win2000 (it always returns question mark
+                // characters), we have to use ImmGetCompositionStringW()
+                // on this OS.  This is actually the easier of the two
+                // functions to use.
+
+                DWORD result_size =
+                  ImmGetCompositionStringW(hIMC, GCS_RESULTSTR,
+                                           ime_result, max_ime_result);
+
+                // Add this string into the text buffer of the application.
+
+                // ImmGetCompositionStringW() returns a string, but it's
+                // filled in with wstring data: every two characters defines a
+                // 16-bit unicode char.  The docs aren't clear on the
+                // endianness of this.  I guess it's safe to assume all Win32
+                // machines are little-endian.
+                for (DWORD i = 0; i < result_size; i += 2) {
+                  int result =
+                    ((int)(unsigned char)ime_result[i + 1] << 8) |
+                    (unsigned char)ime_result[i];
+                  _input_devices[0].keystroke(result);
+                }
+              } else {
+                // On the other hand, ImmGetCompositionStringW() doesn't
+                // work on Win95 or Win98; for these OS's we must use
+                // ImmGetCompositionStringA().
+                DWORD result_size =
+                  ImmGetCompositionStringA(hIMC, GCS_RESULTSTR,
+                                           ime_result, max_ime_result);
+
+                // ImmGetCompositionStringA() returns an encoded ANSI
+                // string, which we now have to map to wide-character
+                // Unicode.
+                static const int max_wide_result = 128;
+                static wchar_t wide_result[max_wide_result];
+
+                int wide_size =
+                  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,
+                                      ime_result, result_size,
+                                      wide_result, max_wide_result);
+                if (wide_size == 0) {
+                  PrintErrorMessage(LAST_ERROR);
+                }
+                for (int i = 0; i < wide_size; i++) {
+                  _input_devices[0].keystroke(wide_result[i]);
+                }
+              }
+
+              ImmReleaseContext(hwnd, hIMC);
+            }
+            return 0;
+          }
+          break;
+
+        case WM_CHAR:
+          // Ignore WM_CHAR messages if we have the IME open, since
+          // everything will come in through WM_IME_COMPOSITION.  (It's
+          // supposed to come in through WM_CHAR, too, but there seems to
+          // be a bug in Win2000 in that it only sends question mark
+          // characters through here.)
+          if (!_ime_open && !_input_devices.empty()) {
+            _input_devices[0].keystroke(wparam);
+          }
+          break;
+
+        case WM_SYSKEYDOWN: {
+          // Alt and F10 are sent as WM_SYSKEYDOWN instead of WM_KEYDOWN
+          // want to use defwindproc on Alt syskey so std windows cmd Alt-F4 works, etc
+          POINT point;
+          GetCursorPos(&point);
+          ScreenToClient(hwnd, &point);
+          handle_keypress(lookup_key(wparam), point.x, point.y);
+          if (wparam == VK_F10) {
+            //bypass default windproc F10 behavior (it activates the main menu, but we have none)
+            return 0;
+          }
+        }
+        break;
+
+        case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
+          if(wparam==SC_KEYMENU) {
+              // if Alt is released (alone w/o other keys), defwindproc will send
+              // this command, which will 'activate' the title bar menu (we have none)
+              // and give focus to it.  we dont want this to happen, so kill this msg
+              return 0;
+          }
+        break;
+
+        case WM_KEYDOWN: {
+          POINT point;
+
+          GetCursorPos(&point);
+          ScreenToClient(hwnd, &point);
+          handle_keypress(lookup_key(wparam), point.x, point.y);
+
+          // Handle Cntrl-V paste from clipboard.  Is there a better way
+          // to detect this hotkey?
+          if ((wparam=='V') && (GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) < 0) &&
+              !_input_devices.empty()) {
+            HGLOBAL hglb;
+            char *lptstr;
+
+            if (!IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_TEXT))
+              return 0;
+
+            if (!OpenClipboard(NULL))
+              return 0;
+
+            // Maybe we should support CF_UNICODETEXT if it is available
+            // too?
+            hglb = GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT);
+            if (hglb!=NULL) {
+              lptstr = (char *) GlobalLock(hglb);
+              if (lptstr != NULL)  {
+                char *pChar;
+                for(pChar=lptstr;*pChar!=NULL;pChar++) {
+                  _input_devices[0].keystroke((uchar)*pChar);
+                }
+                GlobalUnlock(hglb);
+              }
+            }
+            CloseClipboard();
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case WM_SYSKEYUP:
+        case WM_KEYUP:
+          handle_keyrelease(lookup_key(wparam));
+          break;
+
+        case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
+            button = 0;
+        case WM_MBUTTONDOWN:
+            if(button < 0)
+                button = 1;
+        case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
+            if(!DX_IS_READY)
+              break;
+
+            if(button < 0)
+                button = 2;
+            SetCapture(hwnd);
+            SET_MOUSE_COORD(x,LOWORD(lparam));
+            SET_MOUSE_COORD(y,HIWORD(lparam));
+            handle_keypress(MouseButton::button(button), x, y);
+            return 0;
+
+        case WM_LBUTTONUP:
+            button = 0;
+        case WM_MBUTTONUP:
+            if(button < 0)
+                button = 1;
+        case WM_RBUTTONUP:
+            if(!DX_IS_READY)
+              break;
+
+            if(button < 0)
+                button = 2;
+            ReleaseCapture();
+            #if 0
+               SET_MOUSE_COORD(x,LOWORD(lparam));
+               SET_MOUSE_COORD(y,HIWORD(lparam));
+            #endif
+            handle_keyrelease(MouseButton::button(button));
+            return 0;
+
+        case WM_SETCURSOR:
+            // Turn off any GDI window cursor
+            //  dx8 cursor not working yet
+
+            if(_use_dx8_cursor && _props._fullscreen) {
+                //            SetCursor( NULL );
+            //                _dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice->ShowCursor(true);
+
+                set_cursor_visibility(true);
+                return TRUE; // prevent Windows from setting cursor to window class cursor (see docs on WM_SETCURSOR)
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case WM_MOVE:
+            if(!DX_IS_READY)
+                break;
+            handle_window_move(LOWORD(lparam), HIWORD(lparam) );
+            return 0;
+
+#if 0
+            doesnt work yet
+
+        case WM_GETMINMAXINFO: {
+
+            // make sure window size doesnt go to zero
+            LPMINMAXINFO pInfo=(LPMINMAXINFO) lparam;
+            wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "initial WM_GETMINMAXINFO:  MinX:" << pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.x << " MinY:" << pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.y << endl;
+
+            RECT client_rect;
+            GetClientRect( hwnd, &client_rect );
+
+            wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WM_GETMINMAXINFO: ClientRect: left: " << client_rect.left << " right: " << client_rect.right
+                                  << " top: " << client_rect.top << " bottom: " << client_rect.bottom << endl;
+
+
+            UINT client_ysize=RECT_YSIZE(client_rect);
+            UINT client_xsize=RECT_XSIZE(client_rect);
+
+            if(client_ysize==0) {
+                RECT wnd_rect;
+                GetWindowRect( hwnd, &wnd_rect );
+                wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WM_GETMINMAXINFO: WndRect: left: " << wnd_rect.left << " right: " << wnd_rect.right
+                                  << " top: " << wnd_rect.top << " bottom: " << wnd_rect.bottom << endl;
+
+                pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.y=RECT_YSIZE(wnd_rect)-client_ysize+2;
+            }
+
+            if(client_xsize==0) {
+                RECT wnd_rect;
+                GetWindowRect( hwnd, &wnd_rect );
+                pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.x=RECT_XSIZE(wnd_rect)-client_xsize+2;
+            }
+
+            if((client_ysize==0) || (client_xsize==0)) {
+               wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "final WM_GETMINMAXINFO:  MinX:" << pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.x << " MinY:" << pInfo->ptMinTrackSize.y << endl;
+                return 0;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+#endif
+
+        case WM_EXITSIZEMOVE:
+            #ifdef _DEBUG
+              wdxdisplay_cat.spam()  << "WM_EXITSIZEMOVE received"  << endl;
+            #endif
+
+            if(_WindowAdjustingType==Resizing) {
+                bool bSucceeded=handle_windowed_resize(hwnd,true);
+
+                if(!bSucceeded) {
+#if 0
+ bugbug need to fix this stuff
+                     SetWindowPos(hwnd,NULL,0,0,lastxsize,lastysize,
+                                  SWP_NOMOVE |
+#endif
+                }
+            }
+
+            _WindowAdjustingType = NotAdjusting;
+            _dxgsg->SetDXReady(true);
+            return 0;
+
+        case WM_ENTERSIZEMOVE: {
+                if(_dxgsg!=NULL)
+                    _dxgsg->SetDXReady(false);   // dont see pic during resize
+                _WindowAdjustingType = MovingOrResizing;
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case WM_SIZE: {
+
+            #ifdef _DEBUG
+                {
+                    width = LOWORD(lparam);  height = HIWORD(lparam);
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WM_SIZE received with width:" << width << "  height: " << height << " flags: " <<
+                    ((wparam == SIZE_MAXHIDE)? "SIZE_MAXHIDE " : "") << ((wparam == SIZE_MAXSHOW)? "SIZE_MAXSHOW " : "") <<
+                    ((wparam == SIZE_MINIMIZED)? "SIZE_MINIMIZED " : "") << ((wparam == SIZE_RESTORED)? "SIZE_RESTORED " : "") <<
+                    ((wparam == SIZE_MAXIMIZED)? "SIZE_MAXIMIZED " : "") << endl;
+                }
+            #endif
+                // old comment -- added SIZE_RESTORED to handle 3dfx case
+                if(_props._fullscreen || ((_dxgsg==NULL) || (_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd==NULL)) || ((wparam != SIZE_RESTORED) && (wparam != SIZE_MAXIMIZED)))
+                    break;
+
+                width = LOWORD(lparam);  height = HIWORD(lparam);
+
+                if((_props._xsize != width) || (_props._ysize != height)) {
+                    _WindowAdjustingType = Resizing;
+
+                 // for maximized,unmaximize, need to call resize code artificially
+                 // since no WM_EXITSIZEMOVE is generated.
+                 if(wparam==SIZE_MAXIMIZED) {
+                       _bSizeIsMaximized=TRUE;
+                       window_proc(hwnd, WM_EXITSIZEMOVE, 0x0,0x0);
+                 } else if((wparam==SIZE_RESTORED) && _bSizeIsMaximized) {
+                       _bSizeIsMaximized=FALSE;  // only want to reinit dx if restoring from maximized state
+                       window_proc(hwnd, WM_EXITSIZEMOVE, 0x0,0x0);
+                 }
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+
+        case WM_DISPLAYCHANGE: {
+         #ifdef _DEBUG
+            width = LOWORD(lparam);  height = HIWORD(lparam);
+            DWORD newbitdepth=wparam;
+            wdxdisplay_cat.spam() <<"WM_DISPLAYCHANGE received with width:" << width << "  height: " << height << " bpp: " << wparam<< endl;
+         #endif
+
+            //    unfortunately this doesnt seem to work because RestoreAllSurfaces doesn't
+            //    seem to think we're back in the original displaymode even after I've received
+            //    the WM_DISPLAYCHANGE msg, and returns WRONGMODE error.  So the only way I can
+            //    think of to make this work is to have the timer periodically check for restored
+            //    coop level
+
+            //    if(_props._fullscreen && !_window_active) {
+            //          if(_dxgsg!=NULL)
+            //              _dxgsg->CheckCooperativeLevel(DO_REACTIVATE_WINDOW);
+            //           else reactivate_window();
+            //    }
+
+            // does the windowed case handle displaychange properly?  no. need to recreate all devices
+          }
+          break;
+
+        case WM_SETFOCUS: {
+            // wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "got WM_SETFOCUS\n";
+            if(!DX_IS_READY) {
+              break;
+            }
+
+            POINT point;
+            GetCursorPos(&point);
+            ScreenToClient(hwnd, &point);
+
+            // this is a hack to make sure common modifier keys have proper state
+            // since at focus loss, app may never receive key-up event corresponding to
+            // a key-down. it would be better to know the exact set of ModifierButtons the
+            // user is using, since we may miss some here
+
+            for(int i=0;i<NUM_MODIFIER_KEYS;i++) {
+              if(GetKeyState(hardcoded_modifier_buttons[i]) < 0)
+                handle_keypress(lookup_key(hardcoded_modifier_buttons[i]),point.x,point.y);
+            }
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        case WM_KILLFOCUS: {
+            // wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "got WM_KILLFOCUS\n";
+            if(!DX_IS_READY) {
+              break;
+            }
+
+            int i;
+            for(i=0;i<NUM_MODIFIER_KEYS;i++) {
+              if(GetKeyState(hardcoded_modifier_buttons[i]) < 0)
+                handle_keyrelease(lookup_key(hardcoded_modifier_buttons[i]));
+            }
+
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+#if 0
+        case WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING: {
+                LPWINDOWPOS pWindPos = (LPWINDOWPOS) lparam;
+                wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING received, flags 0x" << pWindPos->flags <<  endl;
+                break;
+            }
+
+        case WM_GETMINMAXINFO:
+            wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WM_GETMINMAXINFO received\n" <<  endl;
+            break;
+#endif
+
+        case WM_ERASEBKGND:
+        // WM_ERASEBKGND will be ignored during resizing, because
+        // we dont want to redraw as user is manually resizing window
+            if(_WindowAdjustingType)
+                break;
+            return 0;  // dont let GDI waste time redrawing the deflt background
+
+        case WM_TIMER:
+            // 2 cases of app deactivation:
+            //
+            // 1) user has switched out of fullscreen mode
+            //    this is first signalled when ACTIVATEAPP returns false
+            //    for this case, we dont wake up until WM_SIZE returns restore or maximize
+            //    and WM_TIMER just periodically reawakens app for idle processing
+
+            //    unfortunately this doesnt seem to work because RestoreAllSurfaces doesn't
+            //    seem to think we're back in the original displaymode even after I've received
+            //    the WM_DISPLAYCHANGE msg, and returns WRONGMODE error.  So the only way I can
+            //    think of to make this work is to have the timer periodically check for restored
+            //    coop level, as it does in case 2)
+
+            //
+            // 2) windowed app has lost access to dx because another app has taken dx exclusive mode
+            //    here we rely on WM_TIMER to periodically check if it is ok to reawaken app.
+            //    windowed apps currently run regardless of if its window is in the foreground
+            //    so we cannot rely on window messages to reawaken app
+
+            if((wparam==_PandaPausedTimer) && ((!_window_active)||_active_minimized_fullscreen)) {
+                assert(_dxgsg!=NULL);
+                _dxgsg->CheckCooperativeLevel(DO_REACTIVATE_WINDOW);
+
+                // wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "periodic return of control to app\n";
+                _return_control_to_app = true;
+                // throw_event("PandaPaused");
+                // do we still need to do this since I return control to app periodically using timer msgs?
+                // does app need to know to avoid major computation?
+            }
+
+         #ifdef DINPUT_DEBUG_POLL
+            // probably want to get rid of this in favor of event-based input
+            if(dx_use_joystick && (wparam==_pParentWindowGroup->_pDInputInfo->_JoystickPollTimer)) {
+                DIJOYSTATE2 js;
+                ZeroMemory(&js,sizeof(js));
+                if(_pParentWindowGroup->_pDInputInfo->ReadJoystick(0,js)) {
+                    // for now just print stuff out to make sure it works
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "joyPos (X: " << js.lX << ",Y: " << js.lY << ",Z: " << js.lZ << ")\n";
+                    for(int i=0;i<128;i++) {
+                        if(js.rgbButtons[i]!=0)
+                            wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "joyButton "<< i << " pressed\n";
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "read of Joystick failed!\n";
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+            }
+          #endif
+            return 0;
+
+        case WM_CLOSE:
+            #ifdef _DEBUG
+              wdxdisplay_cat.spam()  << "WM_CLOSE received\n";
+            #endif
+         // close_window();
+          delete _pParentWindowGroup;
+
+          // BUGBUG:  right now there is no way to tell the panda app the graphics window is invalid or
+          //          has been closed by the user, to prevent further methods from being called on the window.
+          //          this needs to be added to panda for multiple windows to work.  in the meantime, just
+          //          trigger an exit here if # windows==0, since that is the expected behavior when all
+          //          windows are closed (should be done by the app though, and it assumes you only make this
+          //          type of panda gfx window)
+
+          if(hwnd_pandawin_map.size()==0) {
+              exit(0);
+          }
+          return 0;
+
+        case WM_ACTIVATEAPP: {
+            #ifdef _DEBUG
+              wdxdisplay_cat.spam()  << "WM_ACTIVATEAPP(" << (bool)(wparam!=0) <<") received\n";
+            #endif
+
+           if((!wparam) && _props._fullscreen) {
+               deactivate_window();
+               return 0;
+           }         // dont want to reactivate until window is actually un-minimized (see WM_SIZE)
+           break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam);
+}
+
+// should be used by both fullscrn and windowed resize
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::reset_device_resize_window(UINT new_xsize, UINT new_ysize) {
+    DXScreenData *pScrn=&_dxgsg->scrn;
+    assert((new_xsize>0)&&(new_ysize>0));
+    bool bRetval=true;
+
+    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
+    memcpy(&d3dpp,&pScrn->PresParams,sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS));
+    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = new_xsize;
+    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = new_ysize;
+    HRESULT hr=_dxgsg->reset_d3d_device(&d3dpp);
+
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+        bRetval=false;
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "reset_device_resize_window Reset() failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+        if(hr==D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY) {
+            hr=_dxgsg->reset_d3d_device(&pScrn->PresParams);
+            if(FAILED(hr)) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "reset_device_resize_window Reset() failed OutOfVidmem, then failed again doing Reset w/original params:" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+                exit(1);
+            } else {
+                if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_info())
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "reset of original size (" <<pScrn->PresParams.BackBufferWidth << ","
+                    << pScrn->PresParams.BackBufferHeight << ") succeeded\n";
+            }
+        } else {
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    init_resized_window();
+    return bRetval;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_reshape
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::handle_windowed_resize(HWND hWnd,bool bDoDxReset) {
+  // handles windowed, non-fullscreen resizing
+    GdiFlush();
+
+    assert(!_props._fullscreen);
+
+    if(bDoDxReset && (_dxgsg!=NULL)) {
+        if(_dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice==NULL) {
+            //assume this is initial creation reshape, so ignore this call
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(_dxgsg!=NULL)
+       _dxgsg->SetDXReady(false);
+
+    RECT view_rect;
+
+    GetClientRect( hWnd, &view_rect );
+    ClientToScreen( hWnd, (POINT*)&view_rect.left );   // translates top,left pnt
+    ClientToScreen( hWnd, (POINT*)&view_rect.right );  // translates right,bottom pnt
+
+    _props._xorg = view_rect.left;  // _props origin should reflect upper left of view rectangle
+    _props._yorg = view_rect.top;
+
+    DWORD xsize= RECT_XSIZE(view_rect);
+    DWORD ysize= RECT_YSIZE(view_rect);
+
+    if((xsize==0)||(ysize==0)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    bool bResizeSucceeded=true;
+
+/*
+   fail if resize fails, dont adjust size
+   do {
+        // change _props xsize,ysize  (need to do this here in case _dxgsg==NULL)
+        resized(xsize,ysize);
+
+        if((_dxgsg!=NULL)&& bDoDxReset) {
+          bResizeSucceeded=reset_device_resize_window(xsize,ysize);  // create the new resized rendertargets
+          if(!bResizeSucceeded) {
+              // size was too large.  try a smaller size
+              if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug()) {
+                  wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "windowed_resize to size: (" << xsize << "," << ysize << ") failed due to out-of-memory, retrying w/reduced size\n";
+              }
+
+              xsize *= 0.8f;
+              ysize *= 0.8f;
+
+              view_rect.right=view_rect.left+xsize;
+              view_rect.bottom=view_rect.top+ysize;
+          }
+        }
+    } while(!bResizeSucceeded);
+*/
+
+    // change _props xsize,ysize  (need to do this here in case _dxgsg==NULL)
+    // reset_device_resize will call it again, this is OK
+    resized(xsize,ysize);
+
+    if((_dxgsg!=NULL)&& bDoDxReset) {
+      bResizeSucceeded=reset_device_resize_window(xsize,ysize);  // create the new resized rendertargets
+      if(!bResizeSucceeded) {
+          if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+              wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "windowed_resize to size: (" << xsize << "," << ysize << ") failed due to out-of-memory\n";
+      } else {
+          if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+              wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "windowed_resize to origin: (" << _props._xorg << "," << _props._yorg << "), size: (" << _props._xsize << "," << _props._ysize << ")\n";
+      }
+    }
+
+    if(_dxgsg!=NULL)
+       _dxgsg->SetDXReady(true);
+
+    return bResizeSucceeded;
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::deactivate_window(void) {
+    // current policy is to suspend minimized or deactivated fullscreen windows, but leave
+    // regular windows running normally
+
+   if((!_window_active) || _exiting_window || _active_minimized_fullscreen) {
+       #ifdef _DEBUG
+          if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+            wdxdisplay_cat.spam()  << "deactivate_window called, but ignored in current mode\n";
+       #endif
+     return;
+   }
+
+   if(bResponsive_minimized_fullscreen_window) {
+       if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+           wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WDX fullscreen window switching to active minimized mode...\n";
+       _active_minimized_fullscreen = true;
+   } else {
+
+       if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+           wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WDX window deactivated, waiting...\n";
+
+       _window_active = false;
+   }
+
+   if(_props._fullscreen) {
+       // make sure window is minimized
+
+       WINDOWPLACEMENT wndpl;
+       wndpl.length=sizeof(WINDOWPLACEMENT);
+       if(!GetWindowPlacement(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd,&wndpl)) {
+          wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "GetWindowPlacement failed!\n";
+          return;
+       }
+
+       if((wndpl.showCmd!=SW_MINIMIZE)&&(wndpl.showCmd!=SW_SHOWMINIMIZED)) {
+          ShowWindow(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd, SW_MINIMIZE);
+       }
+
+       throw_event("PandaPaused"); // right now this is used to signal python event handler to disable audio
+   }
+
+//   if(!bResponsive_minimized_fullscreen_window) {
+   // need this even in responsive-mode to trigger the dxgsg check of cooplvl, i think?
+
+       _PandaPausedTimer = SetTimer(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd,PAUSED_TIMER_ID,500,NULL);
+       if(_PandaPausedTimer!=PAUSED_TIMER_ID) {
+           wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "Error in SetTimer!\n";
+       }
+//   }
+
+
+     // bugbug: need to handle dinput devices
+}
+
+// currently this should only be called from CheckCoopLvl to return from Alt-tab
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::reactivate_window(void) {
+    if((!_window_active)||(_active_minimized_fullscreen)) {
+
+        // first see if dx cooperative level is OK for reactivation
+    //    if(!_dxgsg->CheckCooperativeLevel())
+    //        return;
+
+        if(_PandaPausedTimer!=NULL) {
+            KillTimer(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd,_PandaPausedTimer);
+            _PandaPausedTimer = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if(!_window_active) {
+            _window_active = true;
+            if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+                wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WDX window re-activated...\n";
+        } else {
+            _active_minimized_fullscreen = false;
+            if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+                wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "WDX window unminimized from active-minimized state...\n";
+        }
+
+        // need to call dx_init and ResourceManagerDiscardBytes since D3D Reset() was called
+        init_resized_window();
+
+        // move window to top of zorder
+    //  if(_props._fullscreen)
+    //      SetWindowPos(_DisplayDataArray[0].hWnd, HWND_TOP, 0,0,0,0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSENDCHANGING | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOOWNERZORDER);
+        GdiFlush();
+    }
+
+    if(_props._fullscreen) {
+        throw_event("PandaRestarted");  // right now this is used to signal python event handler to re-enable audio
+    }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: Constructor
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+wdxGraphicsWindow::wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe) : GraphicsWindow(pipe) {
+   _ime_active = false;
+   _pParentWindowGroup=NULL;
+   _pParentWindowGroup=new wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(this);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: Constructor
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+wdxGraphicsWindow::wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe, const GraphicsWindow::Properties& props)
+                  : GraphicsWindow(pipe, props) {
+   _ime_open = false;
+   _pParentWindowGroup=NULL;
+   _pParentWindowGroup=new wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(this);
+}
+
+bool supports_color_cursors(D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8 &DevID) {
+    // TODO: add more cards as more testing is done
+    if(IS_NVIDIA(DevID)) {
+        // all nvidia seem to support 256 color
+        return true;
+    } else if(IS_ATI(DevID)) {
+        // radeons seem to be in the 5100 range and support color, assume anything in 6000 or above
+        // is newer than radeon and supports 256 color
+        if(((DevID.DeviceId>=0x5100) && (DevID.DeviceId<=0x5200)) ||
+           (DevID.DeviceId>=0x6000))
+            return true;
+    } else if IS_MATROX(DevID) {
+        if(DevID.DeviceId==0x0525)   // G400 seems to support color cursors, havent tested other matrox
+            return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+HCURSOR CreateNullCursor(HINSTANCE hInst) {
+  #define CURSORBYTESIZE (32*4)
+
+  // 1-bit 32x32
+  BYTE ANDPlane[CURSORBYTESIZE],XORPlane[CURSORBYTESIZE];
+
+  ZeroMemory(XORPlane,CURSORBYTESIZE);
+  memset(ANDPlane,0xFF,CURSORBYTESIZE);
+
+  return CreateCursor(hInst,0,0,32,32,ANDPlane,XORPlane);
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::CreateWindows(void) {
+    HINSTANCE hProgramInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
+    WNDCLASS wc;
+    static bool wc_registered = false;
+    _hParentWindow = NULL;
+    _bLoadedCustomCursor=false;
+
+    // Clear before filling in window structure!
+    ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASS));
+    wc.style      = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; //CS_OWNDC;
+    wc.lpfnWndProc    = (WNDPROC) static_window_proc;
+    wc.hInstance      = hProgramInstance;
+
+  // all this must be moved to dx_init, since we need to create DX surface
+    string windows_icon_filename = get_icon_filename().to_os_specific();
+
+
+    if(!windows_icon_filename.empty()) {
+        // Note: LoadImage seems to cause win2k internal heap corruption (outputdbgstr warnings)
+        // if icon is more than 8bpp
+
+        // loads a .ico fmt file
+        wc.hIcon = (HICON) LoadImage(NULL, windows_icon_filename.c_str(), IMAGE_ICON, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE );
+
+        if(wc.hIcon==NULL) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.warning() << "windows icon filename '" << windows_icon_filename << "' not found!!\n";
+        }
+    } else {
+        wc.hIcon = NULL; // use default app icon
+    }
+
+#if 0
+    // Note: dx_init() uses the cursor handle to create the dx cursor surface
+    string windows_color_cursor_filename = get_color_cursor_filename().to_os_specific();
+
+    if(!windows_color_cursor_filename.empty()) {
+        // card support for full color non-black/white GDI cursors varies greatly.  if the cursor is not supported,
+        // it is rendered in software by GDI, which causes a flickering effect (because it's not synced
+        // with flip?).  GDI transparently masks the lack of HW support so there is no easy way for app to detect
+        // if HW cursor support exists.  alternatives are to tie cursor motion to frame rate using DDraw blts
+        // or overlays (this is done automatically by DX8 runtime mouse cursor support), or to have separate thread draw cursor
+        // (sync issues?).  instead we do mono cursor  unless card is known to support 256 color cursors
+        bool bSupportsColorCursor=true;
+
+        #if 0
+          // remove this check for now, since dx8 should emulate color cursors
+        /* if any card doesnt support color, dont load it*/
+         for(int w=0;w<_windows.size();w++)
+               bSupportsColorCursor &= supports_color_cursors(_windows[w]->_dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID);
+        #endif
+
+        if(bSupportsColorCursor) {
+            DWORD load_flags = LR_LOADFROMFILE;
+
+            if(dx_full_screen) {
+                // I think cursors should use LR_CREATEDIBSECTION since they should not be mapped to the device palette (in the case of 256-color cursors)
+                // since they are not going to be used on the desktop
+                load_flags |= LR_CREATEDIBSECTION;
+            }
+
+            // Note: LoadImage seems to cause win2k internal heap corruption (outputdbgstr warnings)
+            // if icon is more than 8bpp
+
+            // loads a .cur fmt file.
+            _hMouseCursor = (HCURSOR) LoadImage(NULL, windows_color_cursor_filename.c_str(), IMAGE_CURSOR, 0, 0, load_flags );
+
+            if(_hMouseCursor==NULL) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.warning() << "windows color cursor filename '" << windows_color_cursor_filename << "' not found!!\n";
+                goto try_mono_cursor;
+
+            }
+
+            _bLoadedCustomCursor=true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    try_mono_cursor:
+#endif
+
+    if(!_bLoadedCustomCursor) {
+        string windows_mono_cursor_filename = get_mono_cursor_filename().to_os_specific();
+
+        if(!windows_mono_cursor_filename.empty()) {
+            // Note: LoadImage seems to cause win2k internal heap corruption (outputdbgstr warnings)
+            // if icon is more than 8bpp
+
+            DWORD load_flags = LR_LOADFROMFILE;
+
+            if(dx_full_screen) {
+                // I think cursors should use LR_CREATEDIBSECTION since they should not be mapped to the device palette (in the case of 256-color cursors)
+                // since they are not going to be used on the desktop
+                load_flags |= LR_CREATEDIBSECTION;
+            }
+            // loads a .cur fmt file.
+            _hMouseCursor = (HCURSOR) LoadImage(NULL, windows_mono_cursor_filename.c_str(), IMAGE_CURSOR, 0, 0, load_flags);
+
+            if(_hMouseCursor==NULL) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.warning() << "windows mono cursor filename '" << windows_mono_cursor_filename << "' not found!!\n";
+            } else _bLoadedCustomCursor=true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(!_bLoadedCustomCursor)
+      _hMouseCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, DEFAULT_CURSOR);
+
+    // need both a mouse and no-mouse class in case we have mixed fullscrn/windowed
+    // windowed must use GDI mouse, fullscrn usually wont
+    if (!wc_registered) {
+      // We only need to register the window class once per session.
+
+      wc.hCursor = _hMouseCursor;  // for windowed mode use the GDI cursor.
+      // bugbug:  for fullscreen do we need to do a SetWindowLongNULL
+      wc.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
+      wc.lpszMenuName   = NULL;
+      wc.lpszClassName  = WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME;
+
+      if(!RegisterClass(&wc)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "could not register window class " << WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME << endl;
+      }
+
+      if(dx_use_dx_cursor) {
+          wc.hCursor = CreateNullCursor(hProgramInstance);
+          if(wc.hCursor==NULL)
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "failed to create NULL cursor, error=" << GetLastError() << endl;
+
+          wc.lpszClassName = WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME_NOCURSOR;
+
+          if(!RegisterClass(&wc)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "could not register window class " << WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME_NOCURSOR << endl;
+          }
+      }
+
+      wc_registered = true;
+    }
+
+    DWORD base_window_style = WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU;  // for CreateWindow
+
+    global_wdxwinptr = _windows[0];  // for use during createwin()  bugbug look at this again
+
+    // rect now contains the coords for the entire window, not the client
+    // extra windows must be parented to the first so app doesnt minimize when user selects them
+    for(DWORD devnum=0;devnum<_windows.size();devnum++) {
+        DWORD xleft,ytop,xsize,ysize;
+        GraphicsWindow::Properties *props = &_windows[devnum]->_props;
+        DWORD final_window_style;
+
+        final_window_style=base_window_style;
+        char *pWindowClassName;
+
+        if(_windows[devnum]->_props._fullscreen) {
+            MONITORINFO minfo;
+            ZeroMemory(&minfo, sizeof(MONITORINFO));
+            minfo.cbSize = sizeof(MONITORINFO);
+            // since DX8 cant be installed on w95, ok to statically link to GetMonInfo
+            // get upper-left corner coords using GetMonitorInfo
+            GetMonitorInfo(_windows[devnum]->_dxgsg->scrn.hMon, &minfo);
+            xleft=minfo.rcMonitor.left;
+            ytop=minfo.rcMonitor.top;
+            xsize=props->_xsize;
+            ysize=props->_ysize;
+
+            pWindowClassName= (dx_use_dx_cursor ? WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME_NOCURSOR : WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME);
+        } else {
+            // specify client area, use adjustwindowrect to figure out size of final window to
+            // pass to CreateWin
+
+            RECT win_rect;
+            SetRect(&win_rect, props->_xorg,  props->_yorg, props->_xorg + props->_xsize,
+                    props->_yorg + props->_ysize);
+
+            if(props->_border)
+                final_window_style |= WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;  // should we just use WS_THICKFRAME instead?
+
+            AdjustWindowRect(&win_rect, final_window_style, false);  //compute window size based on desired client area size
+
+            // make sure origin is on screen
+            if(win_rect.left < 0) {
+                win_rect.right -= win_rect.left; win_rect.left = 0;
+            }
+            if(win_rect.top < 0) {
+                win_rect.bottom -= win_rect.top; win_rect.top = 0;
+            }
+
+            xleft=win_rect.left;
+            ytop= win_rect.top;
+            xsize=RECT_XSIZE(win_rect);
+            ysize=RECT_YSIZE(win_rect);
+
+            pWindowClassName=WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME;
+        }
+
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "opening " << props->_xsize << "x" << props->_ysize
+                              << ((_windows[devnum]->_props._fullscreen) ? " fullscreen" : " regular") << " window\n";
+
+        if((xsize==0) || (ysize==0)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "can't create window with zero area for device " << devnum << "!\n";
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        // BUGBUG: this sets window posns based on desktop arrangement of monitors (that is what GetMonInfo is for).
+        // need to move to chancfg stuff instead (i.e. use the properties x/yorg's) when that is ready
+        HWND hWin = CreateWindow(pWindowClassName, props->_title.c_str(),
+                                  final_window_style, xleft,ytop,xsize,ysize,
+                                  _hParentWindow, NULL, hProgramInstance, 0);
+
+        if(!hWin) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "CreateWindow failed for device " << devnum << "!, LastError=" << GetLastError() << endl;
+            #ifdef _DEBUG
+               PrintErrorMessage(LAST_ERROR);
+            #endif
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        _windows[devnum]->set_window_handle(hWin);
+        _windows[devnum]->_dxgsg->scrn.pProps = &_windows[devnum]->_props;
+
+        if(devnum==0)
+            _hParentWindow=hWin;
+    }
+
+/*
+    } else {
+//        assert(_windows.size()==1);
+
+        GraphicsWindow::Properties *props = &_windows[0]->_props;
+
+        RECT win_rect;
+        SetRect(&win_rect, props->_xorg,  props->_yorg, props->_xorg + props->_xsize,
+                props->_yorg + props->_ysize);
+
+        if(props->_border)
+            window_style |= WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;  // should we just use WS_THICKFRAME instead?
+
+        AdjustWindowRect(&win_rect, window_style, FALSE);  //compute window size based on desired client area size
+
+        // make sure origin is on screen
+        if(win_rect.left < 0) {
+            win_rect.right -= win_rect.left; win_rect.left = 0;
+        }
+        if(win_rect.top < 0) {
+            win_rect.bottom -= win_rect.top; win_rect.top = 0;
+        }
+
+        _hParentWindow =
+            CreateWindow(WDX_WINDOWCLASSNAME, props->_title.c_str(),
+                         window_style,
+                         win_rect.left, win_rect.top, win_rect.right-win_rect.left,win_rect.bottom-win_rect.top,
+                         NULL, NULL, hProgramInstance, 0);
+        _windows[0]->set_window_handle(_hParentWindow);
+    }
+
+    if(_hParentWindow==NULL) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "CreateWindow failed!\n";
+        exit(1);
+    }
+*/
+    for(DWORD devnum=0;devnum<_windows.size();devnum++) {
+        wdxGraphicsWindow *pWDXWin = _windows[devnum];
+        // for use by the window_proc
+        hwnd_pandawin_map[pWDXWin->_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd] = pWDXWin;
+
+/*
+        // DC is mostly used for writing fps meter (but also old palette code, which needs updating)
+        // probably only need to do this for devnum 0
+        HDC hdc = GetDC(pWDXWin->_dxgsg_>scrn.hWnd);
+        pWDXWin->_dxgsg->Set_HDC(hdc);
+*/
+    }
+
+    // now we can stop using the global_wdxwinptr crutch since windows are created
+    global_wdxwinptr = NULL;  // get rid of any reference to this obj
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: config
+//       Access:
+//  Description:  Set up win32 window.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::config_window(wdxGraphicsWindowGroup *pParentGroup) {
+//    assert(_pParentWindowGroup==NULL);
+    _pParentWindowGroup=pParentGroup;
+
+    GraphicsWindow::config();
+
+    _hdc = NULL;
+    _gsg = _dxgsg = NULL;
+    _exiting_window = false;
+    _window_active = true;
+    _return_control_to_app = false;
+    _active_minimized_fullscreen = false;
+
+    if(_props._fullscreen || dx_full_screen) {
+        _props._fullscreen = dx_full_screen= true;
+    }
+
+    _use_dx8_cursor = dx_use_dx_cursor;
+    if(!_props._fullscreen)
+       _use_dx8_cursor = false;
+
+    _WindowAdjustingType = NotAdjusting;
+    _bSizeIsMaximized=FALSE;
+
+    _gsg = _dxgsg = NULL;
+    // Create a GSG to manage the graphics
+    if(_gsg==NULL) {
+        make_gsg();
+        if(_gsg==NULL) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "make_gsg() failed!\n";
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+    _dxgsg = DCAST(DXGraphicsStateGuardian, _gsg);
+    _dxgsg->scrn.bIsDX81 = pParentGroup->_bIsDX81;
+
+    // Check the version of the OS we are running.  If we are running
+    // win2000, we must use ImmGetCompositionStringW() to report the
+    // characters returned by the IME, since WM_CHAR and
+    // ImmGetCompositionStringA() both just return question marks.
+    // However, this function doesn't work for Win98; on this OS, we
+    // have to use ImmGetCompositionStringA() instead, which returns an
+    // encoded string in shift-jis (which we then have to decode).
+
+    // For now, this is user-configurable, to allow testing of this code
+    // on both OS's.  After we verify that truth of the above claim, we
+    // should base this decision on GetVersionEx() or maybe
+    // VerifyVersionInfo().
+
+    _ime_composition_w = ime_composition_w;
+
+    // need to re-evaluate above in light of this, it seems that
+    // ImmGetCompositionStringW should work on both:
+    //     The Input Method Editor and Unicode Windows 98/Me, Windows
+    //     NT/2000/XP: Windows supports a Unicode interface for the
+    //     IME, in addition to the ANSI interface originally supported.
+    //     Windows 98/Me supports all the Unicode functions except
+    //     ImmIsUIMessage.  Also, all the messages in Windows 98/Me are
+    //     ANSI based.  Since Windows 98/Me does not support Unicode
+    //     messages, applications can use ImmGetCompositionString to
+    //     receive Unicode characters from a Unicode based IME on
+    //     Windows 98/Me.  There are two issues involved with Unicode
+    //     handling and the IME.  One is that the Unicode versions of
+    //     IME routines return the size of a buffer in bytes rather
+    //     than 16-bit Unicode characters,and the other is the IME
+    //     normally returns Unicode characters (rather than DBCS) in
+    //     the WM_CHAR and WM_IME_CHAR messages.  Use RegisterClassW
+    //     to cause the WM_CHAR and WM_IME_CHAR messages to return
+    //     Unicode characters in the wParam parameter rather than DBCS
+    //     characters.  This is only available under Windows NT; it is
+    //     stubbed out in Windows 95/98/Me.
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::finish_window_setup(void) {
+    // Now indicate that we have our keyboard/mouse device ready.
+    GraphicsWindowInputDevice device = GraphicsWindowInputDevice::pointer_and_keyboard("keyboard/mouse");
+    _input_devices.push_back(device);
+
+    // move windows to top of zorder
+    HWND hWin = _dxgsg->scrn.hWnd;
+
+    // call twice to override STARTUPINFO value, which may be set to hidden initially (by emacs for instance)
+    ShowWindow(hWin, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
+    ShowWindow(hWin, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
+    //  UpdateWindow( _mwindow );
+    SetWindowPos(hWin, HWND_TOP, 0,0,0,0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSENDCHANGING | SWP_NOSIZE);
+}
+
+// this handles external programmatic requests for resizing (usually fullscrn resize)
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::resize(unsigned int xsize,unsigned int ysize) {
+    bool bResizeSucceeded=false;
+
+    if((xsize==_props._xsize)&&(ysize==_props._ysize)) {
+        if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+          wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "redundant resize() called, returning\n";
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if(!_props._fullscreen) {
+       if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+          wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "resize("<<xsize<<","<<ysize<<") called\n";
+
+       // need to figure out actual window size based on props client area rect size
+       RECT win_rect;
+       SetRect(&win_rect, _props._xorg, _props._yorg, _props._xorg+xsize, _props._yorg+ysize);
+
+       WINDOWINFO wi;
+       GetWindowInfo(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd,&wi);
+       AdjustWindowRectEx(&win_rect, wi.dwStyle, false, wi.dwExStyle);  //compute window size based on desired client area size
+
+       // make sure origin is on screen
+       if(win_rect.left < 0) {
+           win_rect.right -= win_rect.left; win_rect.left = 0;
+           _props._xorg=0;
+       }
+       if(win_rect.top < 0) {
+           win_rect.bottom -= win_rect.top; win_rect.top = 0;
+           _props._yorg=0;
+       }
+
+       SetWindowPos(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd, NULL, win_rect.left,win_rect.top, RECT_XSIZE(win_rect), RECT_YSIZE(win_rect), SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSENDCHANGING);
+       // WM_ERASEBKGND will be ignored, because _WindowAdjustingType!=NotAdjusting because
+       // we dont want to redraw as user is manually resizing window, so need to force explicit
+       // background clear for the programmatic resize fn call
+        _WindowAdjustingType=NotAdjusting;
+
+        //window_proc(_mwindow, WM_ERASEBKGND,(WPARAM)_hdc,0x0);  // this doesnt seem to be working in toontown resize, so I put ddraw blackblt in handle_windowed_resize instead
+
+       return handle_windowed_resize(_dxgsg->scrn.hWnd,true);
+    }
+
+    assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg));
+
+    if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_info())
+      wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "fullscrn resize("<<xsize<<","<<ysize<<") called\n";
+
+    _dxgsg->SetDXReady(false);
+
+    bool bCouldntFindValidZBuf;
+    D3DFORMAT pixFmt;
+    bool bNeedZBuffer = (_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil!=false);
+    bool bNeedStencilBuffer = IS_STENCIL_FORMAT(_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat);
+
+    bool bIsGoodMode=false;
+
+    if(!special_check_fullscreen_resolution(xsize,ysize)) {
+         // bypass the lowvidmem test below for certain "lowmem" cards we know have valid modes
+
+        // wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "1111111 lowvidmemcard="<< _dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard << endl;
+        if(_dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard && (!((xsize==640) && (ysize==480)))) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "resize() failed: will not try to resize low vidmem device #" << _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum << " to non-640x480!\n";
+            goto Error_Return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // must ALWAYS use search_for_valid_displaymode even if we know a-priori that res is valid so we can
+    // get a valid pixfmt
+    search_for_valid_displaymode(xsize,ysize,bNeedZBuffer,bNeedStencilBuffer,
+                                 &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,&bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                      &pixFmt);
+    bIsGoodMode=(pixFmt!=D3DFMT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    if(!bIsGoodMode) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "resize() failed: "
+          << (bCouldntFindValidZBuf ? "Couldnt find valid zbuffer format to go with FullScreen mode" : "No supported FullScreen modes")
+          << " at " << xsize << "x" << ysize << " for device #" << _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum <<endl;
+      goto Error_Return;
+    }
+
+    // reset_device_resize_window handles both windowed & fullscrn,
+    // so need to set new displaymode manually here
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Width=xsize;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Height=ysize;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Format = pixFmt;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.RefreshRate = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;
+
+    _dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.BackBufferFormat = pixFmt;   // make reset_device_resize use presparams or displaymode??
+
+    //    resized(xsize,ysize);  not needed?
+
+    bResizeSucceeded=reset_device_resize_window(xsize,ysize);
+
+    if(!bResizeSucceeded) {
+       wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "resize() failed with OUT-OF-MEMORY error!\n";
+
+       if((!IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.BackBufferFormat)) &&
+                                  (_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & (R5G6B5_FLAG|X1R5G5B5_FLAG))) {
+            // fallback strategy, if we trying >16bpp, fallback to 16bpp buffers
+            _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Format = ((_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & R5G6B5_FLAG) ? D3DFMT_R5G6B5 : D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5);
+            dx_force_16bpp_zbuffer=true;
+            if(wdxdisplay_cat.info())
+               wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "CreateDevice failed with out-of-vidmem, retrying w/16bpp buffers on device #"<< _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum << endl;
+
+            bResizeSucceeded= reset_device_resize_window(xsize,ysize);  // create the new resized rendertargets
+       }
+    }
+
+  Error_Return:
+
+    _dxgsg->SetDXReady(true);
+
+    if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+      wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "fullscrn resize("<<xsize<<","<<ysize<<") " << (bResizeSucceeded ? "succeeds\n" : "fails\n");
+
+    return bResizeSucceeded;
+}
+
+// overrides of the general estimator for known working cases
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::
+special_check_fullscreen_resolution(UINT xsize,UINT ysize) {
+    assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg));
+
+    DWORD VendorId=_dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID.VendorId;
+    DWORD DeviceId=_dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID.DeviceId;
+    switch(VendorId) {
+        case 0x8086:  // Intel
+            /*for now, just validate all the intel cards at these resolutions.
+              I dont have a complete list of intel deviceIDs (missing 82830, 845, etc)
+            // Intel i810,i815,82810
+            if((DeviceId==0x7121)||(DeviceId==0x7123)||(DeviceId==0x7125)||
+               (DeviceId==0x1132))
+             */
+            {
+                if((xsize==640)&&(ysize==480))
+                    return true;
+                if((xsize==800)&&(ysize==600))
+                    return true;
+                if((xsize==1024)&&(ysize==768))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+UINT wdxGraphicsWindow::
+verify_window_sizes(UINT numsizes,UINT *dimen) {
+   // unfortunately this only works AFTER you make the window initially,
+   // so its really mostly useful for resizes only
+   assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg));
+
+   UINT num_valid_modes=0;
+
+   // not requesting same refresh rate since changing res might not support same refresh rate at new size
+
+   UINT *pCurDim=(UINT *)dimen;
+
+   for(UINT i=0;i<numsizes;i++,pCurDim+=2) {
+      UINT xsize=pCurDim[0];
+      UINT ysize=pCurDim[1];
+
+      bool bIsGoodMode=false;
+      bool CouldntFindAnyValidZBuf;
+      D3DFORMAT newPixFmt=D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+
+      if(special_check_fullscreen_resolution(xsize,ysize)) {
+           // bypass the test below for certain cards we know have valid modes
+           bIsGoodMode=true;
+      } else {
+          if(_dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard) {
+              bIsGoodMode=((xsize==640) && (ysize==480));
+          } else  {
+              search_for_valid_displaymode(xsize,ysize,_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil!=false,
+                                        IS_STENCIL_FORMAT(_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat),
+                                        &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,&CouldntFindAnyValidZBuf,
+                                        &newPixFmt);
+              bIsGoodMode=(newPixFmt!=D3DFMT_UNKNOWN);
+          }
+      }
+
+      if(bIsGoodMode) {
+         num_valid_modes++;
+       } else {
+            // tell caller the mode is invalid
+            pCurDim[0] = 0;
+            pCurDim[1] = 0;
+       }
+
+       if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+           wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << "Fullscrn Mode (" << xsize << "," << ysize << ")\t" << (bIsGoodMode ? "V" : "Inv") <<"alid\n";
+   }
+
+   return num_valid_modes;
+}
+
+BOOL WINAPI DX7_DriverEnumCallback( GUID* pGUID, TCHAR* strDesc,TCHAR* strName,VOID *argptr, HMONITOR hm) {
+//    #define PRNT(XX) ((XX!=NULL) ? XX : "NULL")
+//    cout << "strDesc: "<< PRNT(strDesc) << "  strName: "<< PRNT(strName)<<endl;
+
+    CardID CurCardID;
+
+    ZeroMemory(&CurCardID,sizeof(CardID));
+
+    if(hm==NULL) {
+        CurCardID.hMon=MonitorFromWindow(GetDesktopWindow(),MONITOR_DEFAULTTOPRIMARY);
+    } else {
+        CurCardID.hMon=hm;
+    }
+
+    if(pGUID!=NULL)
+        memcpy(&CurCardID.DX7_DeviceGUID,pGUID,sizeof(GUID));
+
+    if(g_pCardIDVec==NULL) {
+       g_pCardIDVec= new CardIDVec;
+    }
+
+    CurCardID.MaxAvailVidMem = UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE;
+
+    g_pCardIDVec->push_back(CurCardID);
+    return DDENUMRET_OK;
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::
+find_all_card_memavails(void) {
+    if(g_pCardIDVec!=NULL)  // we've already got the info
+        return;
+
+    #define DDRAW_NAME "ddraw.dll"
+
+    HINSTANCE hDDrawDLL = LoadLibrary(DDRAW_NAME);
+    if(hDDrawDLL == 0) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "LoadLibrary(" << DDRAW_NAME <<") failed!, error=" << GetLastError() << endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    LPDIRECTDRAWCREATEEX pDDCreateEx;
+
+    pDDCreateEx = (LPDIRECTDRAWCREATEEX) GetProcAddress(hDDrawDLL,"DirectDrawCreateEx");
+    if(pDDCreateEx == NULL) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetProcAddr failed for DDCreateEx" << endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    LPDIRECTDRAWENUMERATEEX pDDEnumEx = (LPDIRECTDRAWENUMERATEEX) GetProcAddress(hDDrawDLL,"DirectDrawEnumerateExA");
+    if(pDDEnumEx == NULL) {
+         wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetProcAddr failed for DirectDrawEnumerateEx! (win95 system?)\n";
+         exit(1);
+    }
+
+    HRESULT hr = (*pDDEnumEx)(DX7_DriverEnumCallback, NULL, DDENUM_ATTACHEDSECONDARYDEVICES | DDENUM_NONDISPLAYDEVICES);
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+       wdxdisplay_cat.fatal()   << "DirectDrawEnumerateEx failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+       exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if(g_pCardIDVec==NULL) {
+      wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "DirectDrawEnumerateEx enum'ed no devices!\n";
+      return;
+    }
+
+    GUID ZeroGUID;
+    ZeroMemory(&ZeroGUID,sizeof(GUID));
+
+    if(g_pCardIDVec->size()>1) {
+        assert(IsEqualGUID(ZeroGUID,(*g_pCardIDVec)[0].DX7_DeviceGUID));
+        // delete enum of primary display (always the first), since it is duplicated by explicit entry
+        g_pCardIDVec->erase(g_pCardIDVec->begin());
+    }
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<g_pCardIDVec->size();i++) {
+        LPDIRECTDRAW7 pDD;
+        BYTE ddd_space[sizeof(DDDEVICEIDENTIFIER2)+4];  //bug in DX7 requires 4 extra bytes for GetDeviceID
+        DDDEVICEIDENTIFIER2 *pDX7DeviceID=(DDDEVICEIDENTIFIER2 *)&ddd_space[0];
+        GUID *pGUID= &((*g_pCardIDVec)[i].DX7_DeviceGUID);
+
+        if(IsEqualGUID(*pGUID,ZeroGUID))
+            pGUID=NULL;
+
+        // Create the Direct Draw Object
+        hr = (*pDDCreateEx)(pGUID,(void **)&pDD, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+              wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "DirectDrawCreateEx failed for device ("<< i << ")" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+              continue;
+        }
+
+        ZeroMemory(ddd_space,sizeof(DDDEVICEIDENTIFIER2));
+
+        hr = pDD->GetDeviceIdentifier(pDX7DeviceID,0x0);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+              wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetDeviceID failed for device ("<< i << ")" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+              continue;
+        }
+
+        (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].DeviceID = pDX7DeviceID->dwDeviceId;
+        (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].VendorID = pDX7DeviceID->dwVendorId;
+
+        // Get Current VidMem avail.  Note this is only an estimate, when we switch to fullscreen
+        // mode from desktop, more vidmem will be available (typically 1.2 meg).  I dont want
+        // to switch to fullscreen more than once due to the annoying monitor flicker, so try
+        // to figure out optimal mode using this estimate
+        DDSCAPS2 ddsGAVMCaps;
+        DWORD dwVidMemTotal,dwVidMemFree;
+        dwVidMemTotal=dwVidMemFree=0;
+        {
+            // print out total INCLUDING AGP just for information purposes and future use
+            // The real value I'm interested in for purposes of measuring possible valid screen sizes
+            // shouldnt include AGP
+            ZeroMemory(&ddsGAVMCaps,sizeof(DDSCAPS2));
+            ddsGAVMCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_VIDEOMEMORY;
+
+            if(FAILED(hr = pDD->GetAvailableVidMem(&ddsGAVMCaps,&dwVidMemTotal,&dwVidMemFree))) {
+               wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "GetAvailableVidMem failed for device #"<< i << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+               // goto skip_device;
+               exit(1);  // probably want to exit, since it may be my fault
+            }
+        }
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "GetAvailableVidMem (including AGP) returns Total: "<<dwVidMemTotal <<", Free: " << dwVidMemFree << " for device #"<<i<< endl;
+
+        ZeroMemory(&ddsGAVMCaps,sizeof(DDSCAPS2));
+        // just want to measure localvidmem, not AGP texmem
+        ddsGAVMCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_VIDEOMEMORY | DDSCAPS_LOCALVIDMEM;
+        if(FAILED(hr = pDD->GetAvailableVidMem(&ddsGAVMCaps,&dwVidMemTotal,&dwVidMemFree))) {
+           wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "GetAvailableVidMem failed for device #"<< i<< D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+           // goto skip_device;
+           exit(1);  // probably want to exit, since it may be my fault
+        }
+
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "GetAvailableVidMem (no AGP) returns Total: "<<dwVidMemTotal <<", Free: " << dwVidMemFree << " for device #"<< i<< endl;
+
+        pDD->Release();  // release DD obj, since this is all we needed it for
+
+        if(!dx_do_vidmemsize_check) {
+           // still calling the DD stuff to get deviceID, etc.  is this necessary?
+           (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].MaxAvailVidMem = UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE;
+           (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].bIsLowVidMemCard = false;
+           continue;
+        }
+
+        if(dwVidMemTotal==0) {  // unreliable driver
+            dwVidMemTotal=UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE;
+        } else {
+             if(!ISPOW2(dwVidMemTotal)) {
+                 // assume they wont return a proper max value, so
+                 // round up to next pow of 2
+                 UINT count=0;
+                 while((dwVidMemTotal >> count)!=0x0)
+                    count++;
+                 dwVidMemTotal = (1 << count);
+             }
+         }
+
+        // after SetDisplayMode, GetAvailVidMem totalmem seems to go down by 1.2 meg (contradicting above
+        // comment and what I think would be correct behavior (shouldnt FS mode release the desktop vidmem?),
+        // so this is the true value
+        (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].MaxAvailVidMem = dwVidMemTotal;
+
+        // I can never get this stuff to work reliably, so I'm just rounding up to nearest pow2.
+        // Could try to get HardwareInformation.MemorySize MB number from registry like video control panel,
+        // but its not clear how to find the proper registry location for a given card
+
+        // #define LOWVIDMEMTHRESHOLD 3500000
+        // #define CRAPPY_DRIVER_IS_LYING_VIDMEMTHRESHOLD 1000000
+
+        #define LOWVIDMEMTHRESHOLD 5700000  // 4MB cards should fall below this
+        #define CRAPPY_DRIVER_IS_LYING_VIDMEMTHRESHOLD 1000000  // if # is > 1MB, card is lying and I cant tell what it is
+
+        // assume buggy drivers (this means you, FireGL2) may return zero (or small amts) for dwVidMemTotal, so ignore value if its < CRAPPY_DRIVER_IS_LYING_VIDMEMTHRESHOLD
+        bool bLowVidMemFlag = ((dwVidMemTotal>CRAPPY_DRIVER_IS_LYING_VIDMEMTHRESHOLD) && (dwVidMemTotal< LOWVIDMEMTHRESHOLD));
+
+        (*g_pCardIDVec)[i].bIsLowVidMemCard = bLowVidMemFlag;
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "SetLowVidMem flag to "<< bLowVidMemFlag<< " based on adjusted VidMemTotal: " <<dwVidMemTotal << endl;
+    }
+
+    FreeLibrary(hDDrawDLL);
+}
+
+/*
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+check_for_color_cursor_support(void) {
+    // card support for non-black/white GDI cursors varies greatly.  if the cursor is not supported,
+    // it is rendered in software by GDI, which causes a flickering effect (because it's not synced
+    // with flip?).  GDI transparently masks what's happening so there is no easy way for app to detect
+    // if HW cursor support exists.  alternatives are to tie cursor motion to frame rate using DDraw blts
+    // or overlays, or to have separate thread draw cursor (sync issues?).  instead we do mono cursor
+    // unless card is known to support 256 color cursors
+
+    string windows_color_cursor_filename = get_color_cursor_filename().to_os_specific();
+    if(windows_color_cursor_filename.empty())
+       return;
+
+    bool bSupportsColorCursor=false;
+
+    if(IS_NVIDIA(_DXDeviceID)) {
+        // all nvidia seem to support 256 color
+        bSupportsColorCursor=true;
+    } else if(IS_ATI(_DXDeviceID)) {
+        // radeons seem to be in the 5100 range and support color, assume anything in 6000 or above
+        // is newer than radeon and supports 256 color
+        if(((_DXDeviceID.dwDeviceId>=0x5100) && (_DXDeviceID.dwDeviceId<=0x5200)) ||
+           (_DXDeviceID.dwDeviceId>=0x6000))
+            bSupportsColorCursor=true;
+    } else if IS_MATROX(_DXDeviceID) {
+        if(_DXDeviceID.dwDeviceId==0x0525)   // G400 seems to support color cursors, havent tested other matrox
+            bSupportsColorCursor=true;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: add more cards as more testing is done
+
+    if(bSupportsColorCursor) {
+        // Note: LoadImage seems to cause win2k internal heap corruption (outputdbgstr warnings)
+        // if icon is more than 8bpp
+
+        DWORD load_flags = LR_LOADFROMFILE;
+
+        if(_props._fullscreen) {
+            // I think cursors should use LR_CREATEDIBSECTION since they should not be mapped to the device palette (in the case of 256-color cursors)
+            // since they are not going to be used on the desktop
+            load_flags |= LR_CREATEDIBSECTION;
+        }
+
+        // loads a .cur fmt file.
+        HCURSOR hNewMouseCursor = (HCURSOR) LoadImage(NULL, windows_color_cursor_filename.c_str(), IMAGE_CURSOR, 0, 0, load_flags );
+
+        if(hNewMouseCursor==NULL) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.warning() << "windows color cursor filename '" << windows_color_cursor_filename << "' not found!!\n";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SetClassLongPtr(_mwindow, GCLP_HCURSOR, (LONG_PTR) hNewMouseCursor);
+        SetCursor(hNewMouseCursor);
+
+        if(_bLoadedCustomCursor)
+           DestroyCursor(_hMouseCursor);
+        _hMouseCursor = hNewMouseCursor;
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+int D3DFMT_to_DepthBits(D3DFORMAT fmt) {
+    switch(fmt) {
+        case D3DFMT_D16:  return 16;
+        case D3DFMT_D24X8:
+        case D3DFMT_D24X4S4:
+        case D3DFMT_D24S8:  return 24;
+        case D3DFMT_D32:  return 32;
+        case D3DFMT_D15S1:  return 15;
+        default:
+          wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "D3DFMT_DepthBits: unhandled D3DFMT!\n";
+          return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::FindBestDepthFormat(DXScreenData &Display,D3DDISPLAYMODE &TestDisplayMode,D3DFORMAT *pBestFmt,bool bWantStencil,bool bForce16bpp,bool bVerboseMode) const {
+    // list fmts in order of preference
+    #define NUM_TEST_ZFMTS 3
+    static D3DFORMAT NoStencilPrefList[NUM_TEST_ZFMTS]={D3DFMT_D32,D3DFMT_D24X8,D3DFMT_D16};
+    static D3DFORMAT StencilPrefList[NUM_TEST_ZFMTS]={D3DFMT_D24S8,D3DFMT_D24X4S4,D3DFMT_D15S1};
+
+    // do not use Display.DisplayMode since that is probably not set yet, use TestDisplayMode instead
+
+    // int want_color_bits = _props._want_color_bits;
+    // int want_depth_bits = _props._want_depth_bits;  should we pay attn to these so panda user can select bitdepth?
+
+    *pBestFmt = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    // nvidia likes zbuf depth to match rendertarget depth
+    bool bOnlySelect16bpp= (dx_force_16bpp_zbuffer || bForce16bpp ||
+        (IS_NVIDIA(Display.DXDeviceID) && IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(TestDisplayMode.Format)));
+
+    if(bVerboseMode)
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "FindBestDepthFmt: bSelectOnly16bpp: " << bOnlySelect16bpp << endl;
+
+    for(int i=0;i<NUM_TEST_ZFMTS;i++) {
+        D3DFORMAT TestDepthFmt = (bWantStencil ? StencilPrefList[i] : NoStencilPrefList[i]);
+
+        if(bOnlySelect16bpp && !IS_16BPP_ZBUFFER(TestDepthFmt))
+            continue;
+
+        hr = Display.pD3D8->CheckDeviceFormat(Display.CardIDNum,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,TestDisplayMode.Format,
+                                              D3DUSAGE_DEPTHSTENCIL,D3DRTYPE_SURFACE,TestDepthFmt);
+
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+          if(hr==D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE) {
+              if(bVerboseMode)
+                  wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "FindBestDepthFmt: ChkDevFmt returns NotAvail for " << D3DFormatStr(TestDepthFmt) << endl;
+              continue;
+          }
+
+          wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "unexpected CheckDeviceFormat failure" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+          exit(1);
+        }
+
+        hr = Display.pD3D8->CheckDepthStencilMatch(Display.CardIDNum,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
+                                           TestDisplayMode.Format,   // adapter format
+                                           TestDisplayMode.Format,   // backbuffer fmt  (should be the same in my apps)
+                                           TestDepthFmt);
+        if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
+           *pBestFmt = TestDepthFmt;
+           break;
+        } else {
+            if(hr==D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE) {
+              if(bVerboseMode)
+                  wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "FindBestDepthFmt: ChkDepMatch returns NotAvail for " << D3DFormatStr(TestDisplayMode.Format) << ", " << D3DFormatStr(TestDepthFmt) << endl;
+            } else {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "unexpected CheckDepthStencilMatch failure for " << D3DFormatStr(TestDisplayMode.Format) << ", " << D3DFormatStr(TestDepthFmt) << endl;
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(bVerboseMode)
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "FindBestDepthFmt returns fmt " << D3DFormatStr(*pBestFmt) << endl;
+
+    return (*pBestFmt != D3DFMT_UNKNOWN);
+}
+
+// all ptr args are output parameters
+// if no valid mode found, returns *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::search_for_valid_displaymode(UINT RequestedXsize,UINT RequestedYsize,bool bWantZBuffer,bool bWantStencil,
+                                                     UINT *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask,bool *pCouldntFindAnyValidZBuf,
+                                                     D3DFORMAT *pSuggestedPixFmt, bool bVerboseMode) {
+    assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg));
+    assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg->scrn.pD3D8));
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    #ifndef NDEBUG
+//   no longer true, due to special_check_fullscreen_res, where lowvidmem cards are allowed higher resolutions
+//    if(_dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard)
+//        nassertv((RequestedXsize==640)&&(RequestedYsize==480));
+    #endif
+
+    *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+    *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask = 0x0;
+    *pCouldntFindAnyValidZBuf=false;
+
+    int cNumModes=_dxgsg->scrn.pD3D8->GetAdapterModeCount(_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum);
+    D3DDISPLAYMODE BestDispMode;
+    ZeroMemory(&BestDispMode,sizeof(BestDispMode));
+
+    if(bVerboseMode)
+       wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "searching for valid display modes at res: (" << RequestedXsize << "," << RequestedYsize << "), TotalModes: " << cNumModes<< endl;
+
+    // ignore memory based checks for min res 640x480.  some cards just dont give accurate memavails.
+    // (should I do the check anyway for 640x480 32bpp?)
+    bool bDoMemBasedChecks=((!((RequestedXsize==640)&&(RequestedYsize==480))) &&
+                            (_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem!=UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE) &&
+                            (!special_check_fullscreen_resolution(RequestedXsize,RequestedYsize)));
+
+    if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam()) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "DoMemBasedChecks = " << bDoMemBasedChecks << endl;
+    }
+
+    for(int i=0;i<cNumModes;i++) {
+        D3DDISPLAYMODE dispmode;
+        hr = _dxgsg->scrn.pD3D8->EnumAdapterModes(_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum,i,&dispmode);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "EnumAdapterDisplayMode failed for device #"<<_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum<< D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        if((dispmode.Width!=RequestedXsize) || (dispmode.Height!=RequestedYsize))
+            continue;
+
+        if((dispmode.RefreshRate<60) && (dispmode.RefreshRate>1)) {
+            // dont want refresh rates under 60Hz, but 0 or 1 might indicate a default refresh rate, which is usually >=60
+            if(bVerboseMode)
+                wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "skipping mode["<<i<<"], bad refresh rate: " << dispmode.RefreshRate << endl;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Note no attempt is made to verify if format will work at requested size, so even if this call
+        // succeeds, could still get an out-of-video-mem error
+
+        hr = _dxgsg->scrn.pD3D8->CheckDeviceFormat(_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,dispmode.Format,
+                                                   D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET,D3DRTYPE_SURFACE,dispmode.Format);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+           if(hr==D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE) {
+               if(bVerboseMode)
+                   wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "skipping mode["<<i<<"], CheckDevFmt returns NotAvail for fmt: " << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format) << endl;
+               continue;
+           } else {
+                 wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "CheckDeviceFormat failed for device #" <<_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+        }
+
+        bool bIs16bppRenderTgt = IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(dispmode.Format);
+        float RendTgtMinMemReqmt;
+
+        // if we have a valid memavail value, try to determine if we have enough space
+        if( bDoMemBasedChecks) {
+
+            // assume user is testing fullscreen, not windowed, so use the dwTotal value
+            // see if 3 scrnbufs (front/back/z)at 16bpp at xsize*ysize will fit with a few
+            // extra megs for texmem
+
+            // 8MB Rage Pro says it has 6.8 megs Total free and will run at 1024x768, so
+            // formula makes it so that is OK
+
+             #define REQD_TEXMEM 1800000
+
+             float bytes_per_pixel = (bIs16bppRenderTgt ? 2 : 4);
+             assert(_props._mask & W_DOUBLE);
+
+             // *2 for double buffer
+
+             RendTgtMinMemReqmt = ((float)RequestedXsize)*((float)RequestedYsize)*bytes_per_pixel*2+REQD_TEXMEM;
+
+             if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+                wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "Testing Mode (" <<RequestedXsize<<"x" << RequestedYsize <<","
+                 << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format) << ")\nReqdVidMem: "<< (int)RendTgtMinMemReqmt << " AvailVidMem: " << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << endl;
+
+             if(RendTgtMinMemReqmt>_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem) {
+                 if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+                     wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "not enough VidMem for render tgt, skipping display fmt " << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format)
+                                            << " (" << (int)RendTgtMinMemReqmt << " > " << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << ")\n";
+                 continue;
+             }
+        }
+
+        if(bWantZBuffer) {
+            D3DFORMAT zformat;
+            if(!FindBestDepthFormat(_dxgsg->scrn,dispmode,&zformat,bWantStencil,false)) {
+                *pCouldntFindAnyValidZBuf=true;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            float MinMemReqmt = 0.0f;
+
+            if(bDoMemBasedChecks) {
+                // test memory again, this time including zbuf size
+                float zbytes_per_pixel = (IS_16BPP_ZBUFFER(zformat) ? 2 : 4);
+                float MinMemReqmt = RendTgtMinMemReqmt + ((float)RequestedXsize)*((float)RequestedYsize)*zbytes_per_pixel;
+
+                if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+                  wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "Testing Mode w/Z (" << RequestedXsize << "x" << RequestedYsize << ","
+                    << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format) << ")\nReqdVidMem: "<< (int)MinMemReqmt << " AvailVidMem: " << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << endl;
+
+                if(MinMemReqmt>_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem) {
+                    if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+                        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "not enough VidMem for RendTgt+zbuf, skipping display fmt " << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format)
+                                               << " (" << (int)MinMemReqmt << " > " << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << ")\n";
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if((!bDoMemBasedChecks) || (MinMemReqmt<_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem)) {
+               if(!IS_16BPP_ZBUFFER(zformat)) {
+                    // see if things fit with a 16bpp zbuffer
+
+                    if(!FindBestDepthFormat(_dxgsg->scrn,dispmode,&zformat,bWantStencil,true,bVerboseMode)) {
+                        if(bVerboseMode)
+                            wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "FindBestDepthFmt rejected Mode["<<i<<"] (" <<RequestedXsize<<"x" << RequestedYsize <<","<< D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format) << endl;
+                        *pCouldntFindAnyValidZBuf=true;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // right now I'm not going to use these flags, just let the create fail out-of-mem and retry at 16bpp
+                    *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask |= (IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(dispmode.Format) ? DISPLAY_16BPP_REQUIRES_16BPP_ZBUFFER_FLAG : DISPLAY_32BPP_REQUIRES_16BPP_ZBUFFER_FLAG);
+               }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+            wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "Validated Mode (" <<RequestedXsize<<"x" << RequestedYsize <<","
+                 << D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format) << endl;
+
+        switch(dispmode.Format) {
+            case D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5:
+                *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask |= X1R5G5B5_FLAG;
+                break;
+            case D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8:
+                *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask |= X8R8G8B8_FLAG;
+                break;
+            case D3DFMT_R8G8B8:
+                *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask |= R8G8B8_FLAG;
+                break;
+            case D3DFMT_R5G6B5:
+                *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask |= R5G6B5_FLAG;
+                break;
+            default:
+                //Render target formats should be only D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5, D3DFMT_R5G6B5, D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8 (or R8G8B8?)
+                wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "unrecognized supported fmt "<< D3DFormatStr(dispmode.Format)<<" returned by EnumAdapterDisplayModes!\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // note: this chooses 32bpp, which may not be preferred over 16 for memory & speed reasons on some older cards in particular
+    if(*pSupportedScreenDepthsMask & X8R8G8B8_FLAG)
+        *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
+    else if(*pSupportedScreenDepthsMask & R8G8B8_FLAG)
+        *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_R8G8B8;
+    else if(*pSupportedScreenDepthsMask & R5G6B5_FLAG)
+        *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_R5G6B5;
+    else if(*pSupportedScreenDepthsMask & X1R5G5B5_FLAG)
+        *pSuggestedPixFmt = D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5;
+
+    if(bVerboseMode || wdxdisplay_cat.is_spam())
+       wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "search_for_valid_device returns fmt: "<< D3DFormatStr(*pSuggestedPixFmt) << endl;
+}
+
+bool is_badvidmem_card(D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8 *pDevID) {
+  // dont trust Intel cards since they often use regular memory as vidmem
+  if(pDevID->VendorId==0x00008086)
+      return true;
+
+   return false;
+}
+
+// returns true if successful
+bool wdxGraphicsWindow::search_for_device(LPDIRECT3D8 pD3D8,DXDeviceInfo *pDevInfo) {
+    DWORD dwRenderWidth  = _props._xsize;
+    DWORD dwRenderHeight = _props._ysize;
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    assert(_dxgsg!=NULL);
+    _dxgsg->scrn.pD3D8 = pD3D8;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum=pDevInfo->cardID;  // could this change by end?
+
+    bool bWantStencil = ((_props._mask & W_STENCIL)!=0);
+
+    hr = pD3D8->GetAdapterIdentifier(pDevInfo->cardID,D3DENUM_NO_WHQL_LEVEL,&_dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID);
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+       wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "D3D GetAdapterID failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+    }
+
+    D3DCAPS8 d3dcaps;
+    hr = pD3D8->GetDeviceCaps(pDevInfo->cardID,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&d3dcaps);
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+         if((hr==D3DERR_INVALIDDEVICE)||(hr==D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE)) {
+             wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "No DirectX 8 D3D-capable 3D hardware detected for device # "<<pDevInfo->cardID<<" ("<<pDevInfo->szDescription <<  ")!  Exiting...\n";
+         } else {
+             wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetDeviceCaps failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+         }
+         exit(1);
+    }
+
+    //search_for_valid_displaymode needs these to be set
+    memcpy(&_dxgsg->scrn.d3dcaps,&d3dcaps,sizeof(D3DCAPS8));
+    _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum=pDevInfo->cardID;
+
+    _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem = UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard = false;
+
+    // bugbug:  wouldnt we like to do GetAVailVidMem so we can do upper-limit memory computation for dx8 cards too?
+    //          otherwise verify_window_sizes cant do much
+    if((d3dcaps.MaxStreams==0)|| dx_pick_best_screenres) {
+       if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug())
+           wdxdisplay_cat.debug() << "checking vidmem size\n";
+       assert(IS_VALID_PTR(_pParentWindowGroup));
+
+       // look for low memory video cards
+       _pParentWindowGroup->find_all_card_memavails();
+
+       UINT IDnum;
+
+       // simple linear search to match DX7 card info w/DX8 card ID
+       for(IDnum=0;IDnum<g_pCardIDVec->size();IDnum++) {
+//         wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "comparing '" << (*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].Driver << "' to '" << _dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID.Driver << "'\n";
+           if(//(stricmp((*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].szDriver,pDevInfo->szDriver)==0) &&
+              (pDevInfo->VendorID==(*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].VendorID) &&
+              (pDevInfo->DeviceID==(*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].DeviceID) &&
+              (pDevInfo->hMon==(*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].hMon))
+             break;
+       }
+
+       if(IDnum<g_pCardIDVec->size()) {
+           _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem = (*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].MaxAvailVidMem;
+           _dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard = (*g_pCardIDVec)[IDnum].bIsLowVidMemCard;
+       } else wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "Error: couldnt find a CardID match in DX7 info, assuming card is not a lowmem card\n";
+    }
+
+    if((bWantStencil) && (d3dcaps.StencilCaps==0x0)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "Stencil ability requested, but device #" << pDevInfo->cardID << " (" << _dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID.Description<<"), has no stencil capability!\n";
+            exit(1);
+    }
+
+    // just because TNL is true, it doesnt mean vtx shaders are supported in HW (see GF2)
+    // for this case, you probably want MIXED processing to use HW for fixed-fn vertex processing
+    // and SW for vtx shaders
+    _dxgsg->scrn.bIsTNLDevice=((d3dcaps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)!=0);
+    _dxgsg->scrn.bCanUseHWVertexShaders = (d3dcaps.VertexShaderVersion >= D3DVS_VERSION(1,0));
+    _dxgsg->scrn.bCanUsePixelShaders = (d3dcaps.PixelShaderVersion >= D3DPS_VERSION(1,0));
+
+    bool bNeedZBuffer = ((!(d3dcaps.RasterCaps & D3DPRASTERCAPS_ZBUFFERLESSHSR ))
+                         && (_props._mask & W_DEPTH));
+
+    _dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil=bNeedZBuffer;
+
+    D3DFORMAT pixFmt=D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+
+    if(_props._fullscreen) {
+        _props._xorg = _props._yorg = 0;
+
+        bool bCouldntFindValidZBuf;
+        if(!_dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard) {
+            bool bUseDefaultSize=dx_pick_best_screenres&&
+                                 ((_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem == UNKNOWN_VIDMEM_SIZE) ||
+                                  is_badvidmem_card(&_dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID));
+
+            if(dx_pick_best_screenres && !bUseDefaultSize) {
+                typedef struct {
+                    UINT memlimit;
+                    DWORD scrnX,scrnY;
+                } Memlimres;
+
+                const Memlimres MemRes[] = {
+                                             {       0,  640, 480},
+                                             { 8000000,  800, 600},
+                #if 0
+                                             {16000000, 1024, 768},
+                                             {32000000, 1280,1024},  // 32MB+ cards will choose this
+                #else
+                                   // unfortunately the 32MB card perf varies greatly (TNT2-GF2),
+                                   // so we need to be conservative since frame rate difference
+                                   // can change from 15->30fps when going from 1280x1024->800x600
+                                   // on low-end 32mb cards
+                                             {16000000,  800, 600},
+                                             {32000000,  800, 600},  // 32MB+ cards will choose this
+                #endif
+                                            // some monitors have trouble w/1600x1200, so dont pick this by deflt,
+                                            // even though 64MB cards should handle it              
+                                             {64000000, 1280,1024}   // 64MB+ cards will choose this
+                                           };
+                const NumResLims = (sizeof(MemRes)/sizeof(Memlimres));
+
+                for(int i=NumResLims-1;i>=0;i--) {
+                    // find biggest slot card can handle
+                    if(_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem > MemRes[i].memlimit) {
+                        dwRenderWidth=MemRes[i].scrnX;
+                        dwRenderHeight=MemRes[i].scrnY;
+
+                        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "pick_best_screenres: trying " << dwRenderWidth << "x" << dwRenderHeight << " based on " << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << " bytes avail\n";
+
+                        search_for_valid_displaymode(dwRenderWidth,dwRenderHeight,bNeedZBuffer,bWantStencil,
+                                         &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,
+                                         &bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                         &pixFmt);
+
+                        // note I'm not saving refresh rate, will just use adapter default at given res for now
+
+                        if(pixFmt!=D3DFMT_UNKNOWN)
+                           break;
+
+                        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "skipping scrnres; "
+                                << (bCouldntFindValidZBuf ? "Couldnt find valid zbuffer format to go with FullScreen mode" : "No supported FullScreen modes")
+                                << " at " << dwRenderWidth << "x" << dwRenderHeight << " for device #" << _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum << endl;
+                    }
+                }
+                // otherwise just go with whatever was specified (we probably shouldve marked this card as lowmem if it gets to end of loop w/o breaking
+            }
+
+            if(pixFmt==D3DFMT_UNKNOWN) {
+
+                if(bUseDefaultSize) {
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "pick_best_screenres: defaulted 800x600 based on no reliable vidmem size\n";
+                    dwRenderWidth=800;  dwRenderHeight=600;
+                }
+
+                search_for_valid_displaymode(dwRenderWidth,dwRenderHeight,bNeedZBuffer,bWantStencil,
+                                         &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,
+                                         &bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                         &pixFmt);
+
+                // note I'm not saving refresh rate, will just use adapter default at given res for now
+
+                if(pixFmt==D3DFMT_UNKNOWN) {
+                    wdxdisplay_cat.fatal()
+                        << (bCouldntFindValidZBuf ? "Couldnt find valid zbuffer format to go with FullScreen mode" : "No supported FullScreen modes")
+                        << " at " << dwRenderWidth << "x" << dwRenderHeight << " for device #" << _dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum <<endl;
+
+                    // run it again in verbose mode to get more dbg info to log
+                    search_for_valid_displaymode(dwRenderWidth,dwRenderHeight,bNeedZBuffer,bWantStencil,
+                                             &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,
+                                             &bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                             &pixFmt,true);
+                   return false;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Low Memory card
+               dwRenderWidth=640;
+               dwRenderHeight=480;
+               dx_force_16bpptextures = true;
+
+               // force 16bpp zbuf? or let user get extra bits if they have the mem?
+
+               search_for_valid_displaymode(dwRenderWidth,dwRenderHeight,bNeedZBuffer,bWantStencil,
+                                     &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,
+                                     &bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                     &pixFmt);
+
+               // hack: figuring out exactly what res to use is tricky, instead I will
+               // just use 640x480 if we have < 3 meg avail
+
+               if(_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & R5G6B5_FLAG)
+                   pixFmt = D3DFMT_R5G6B5;
+               else if(_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & X1R5G5B5_FLAG)
+                   pixFmt = D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5;
+               else {
+                   wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "Low Memory VidCard has no supported FullScreen 16bpp resolutions at "<< dwRenderWidth << "x" << dwRenderHeight
+                   << " for device #" << pDevInfo->cardID << " (" <<  _dxgsg->scrn.DXDeviceID.Description <<"), skipping device...\n";
+
+                   // run it again in verbose mode to get more dbg info to log
+                   search_for_valid_displaymode(dwRenderWidth,dwRenderHeight,bNeedZBuffer,bWantStencil,
+                                     &_dxgsg->scrn.SupportedScreenDepthsMask,
+                                     &bCouldntFindValidZBuf,
+                                     &pixFmt,true);
+                   return false;
+               }
+
+               if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_info())
+                   wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "Available VidMem (" << _dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem << ") is under " << LOWVIDMEMTHRESHOLD <<", using 640x480 16bpp rendertargets to save tex vidmem.\n";
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Windowed Mode
+
+        D3DDISPLAYMODE dispmode;
+        hr=pD3D8->GetAdapterDisplayMode(pDevInfo->cardID,&dispmode);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetAdapterDisplayMode(" << pDevInfo->cardID << ") failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        pixFmt = dispmode.Format;
+    }
+
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Width=dwRenderWidth;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Height=dwRenderHeight;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.Format = pixFmt;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.DisplayMode.RefreshRate = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;
+    _dxgsg->scrn.hMon=pDevInfo->hMon;
+    return true;
+}
+
+//return true if successful
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+CreateScreenBuffersAndDevice(DXScreenData &Display) {
+
+    // only want this to apply to initial startup
+    dx_pick_best_screenres=false;
+
+    DWORD dwRenderWidth=Display.DisplayMode.Width;
+    DWORD dwRenderHeight=Display.DisplayMode.Height;
+    LPDIRECT3D8 pD3D8=Display.pD3D8;
+    D3DCAPS8 *pD3DCaps = &Display.d3dcaps;
+    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS* pPresParams = &Display.PresParams;
+    RECT view_rect;
+    HRESULT hr;
+    bool bWantStencil = ((_props._mask & W_STENCIL)!=0);
+
+    assert(pD3D8!=NULL);
+    assert(pD3DCaps->DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWRASTERIZATION);
+
+    #ifndef NDEBUG
+      if(!(_props._mask & W_DEPTH)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "no zbuffer requested, skipping zbuffer creation\n";
+      }
+    #endif
+
+    pPresParams->BackBufferFormat = Display.DisplayMode.Format;  // dont need dest alpha, so just use adapter format
+
+    if(dx_sync_video && !(pD3DCaps->Caps & D3DCAPS_READ_SCANLINE)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "HW doesnt support syncing to vertical refresh, ignoring dx_sync_video\n";
+        dx_sync_video=false;
+    }
+
+    // verify the rendertarget fmt one last time
+    if(FAILED(pD3D8->CheckDeviceFormat(Display.CardIDNum, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, Display.DisplayMode.Format,D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET,
+                           D3DRTYPE_SURFACE, pPresParams->BackBufferFormat))) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " CheckDeviceFmt failed for surface fmt "<< D3DFormatStr(pPresParams->BackBufferFormat) << endl;
+        goto Fallback_to_16bpp_buffers;
+    }
+
+    if(FAILED(pD3D8->CheckDeviceType(Display.CardIDNum,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, Display.DisplayMode.Format,pPresParams->BackBufferFormat,
+                                    _props._fullscreen))) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " CheckDeviceType failed for surface fmt "<< D3DFormatStr(pPresParams->BackBufferFormat) << endl;
+        goto Fallback_to_16bpp_buffers;
+    }
+
+    if(Display.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil) {
+        if(!FindBestDepthFormat(Display,Display.DisplayMode,&Display.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat,bWantStencil,false)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "FindBestDepthFormat failed in CreateScreenBuffers for device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< endl;
+            goto Fallback_to_16bpp_buffers;
+        }
+        _depth_buffer_bpp=D3DFMT_to_DepthBits(Display.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat);
+    } else {
+        _depth_buffer_bpp=0;
+    }
+
+    pPresParams->Windowed = !_props._fullscreen;
+
+    if(dx_multisample_antialiasing_level>1) {
+        // need to check both rendertarget and zbuffer fmts
+        hr = pD3D8->CheckDeviceMultiSampleType(Display.CardIDNum, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, Display.DisplayMode.Format,
+                                                     _props._fullscreen, D3DMULTISAMPLE_TYPE(dx_multisample_antialiasing_level));
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " doesnt support multisample level "<<dx_multisample_antialiasing_level <<"surface fmt "<< D3DFormatStr(Display.DisplayMode.Format) <<endl;
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        if(Display.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil) {
+            hr = pD3D8->CheckDeviceMultiSampleType(Display.CardIDNum, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, Display.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat,
+                                             _props._fullscreen, D3DMULTISAMPLE_TYPE(dx_multisample_antialiasing_level));
+            if(FAILED(hr)) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " doesnt support multisample level "<<dx_multisample_antialiasing_level <<"surface fmt "<< D3DFormatStr(Display.PresParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat) <<endl;
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        pPresParams->MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_TYPE(dx_multisample_antialiasing_level);
+
+        if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_info())
+            wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " using multisample antialiasing level "<<dx_multisample_antialiasing_level <<endl;
+    }
+
+    pPresParams->BackBufferCount = 1;
+    pPresParams->Flags = 0x0;
+    pPresParams->hDeviceWindow = Display.hWnd;
+    pPresParams->BackBufferWidth = Display.DisplayMode.Width;
+    pPresParams->BackBufferHeight = Display.DisplayMode.Height;
+    DWORD dwBehaviorFlags=0x0;
+
+    if(_dxgsg->scrn.bIsTNLDevice) {
+       dwBehaviorFlags|=D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
+      // note: we could create a pure device in this case if I eliminated the GetRenderState calls in dxgsg
+
+      // also, no software vertex processing available since I specify D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING
+      // and not D3DCREATE_MIXED_VERTEXPROCESSING
+    } else {
+       dwBehaviorFlags|=D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
+    }
+
+    if(dx_preserve_fpu_state)
+       dwBehaviorFlags|=D3DCREATE_FPU_PRESERVE;
+
+    // if window is not foreground in exclusive mode, ddraw thinks you are 'not active', so
+    // it changes your WM_ACTIVATEAPP from true to false, causing us
+    // to go into a 'wait-for WM_ACTIVATEAPP true' loop, and the event never comes so we hang
+    // in fullscreen wait.  also doing this for windowed mode since it was requested.
+    if(!SetForegroundWindow(Display.hWnd)) {
+      wdxdisplay_cat.warning() << "SetForegroundWindow() failed!\n";
+    }
+
+    if(_props._fullscreen) {
+        pPresParams->SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;  // we dont care about preserving contents of old frame
+        pPresParams->FullScreen_PresentationInterval = (dx_sync_video ? D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_ONE : D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE);
+        pPresParams->FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = Display.DisplayMode.RefreshRate;
+
+#if 0
+/* this is incorrect, we dont need rendertarget to hold alpha to do normal alpha blending, since blending is usually just
+   based on source alpha.  so for now its OK to pick rendertargets with same format as display
+
+        // assume app requires alpha-blending
+        // will fullscrn alphablend work with DISCARD anyway even if this cap is not set?  I dont see it being set by latest drivers
+        // for any card.  need to test both dx8.0 and dx8.1, it may be that dx8.1 works even if cap is not set, but 8.0 doesnt
+        if((!Display.bIsDX81) || (!(d3dcaps.Caps3 & D3DCAPS3_ALPHA_FULLSCREEN_FLIP_OR_DISCARD))) {
+            pPresParams->SwapEffect = (dx_sync_video ? D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY_VSYNC : D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY);
+
+            if(pPresParams->MultiSampleType != D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "device #"<<Display.CardIDNum<< " cant support multisample antialiasing and fullscrn alphablending because of driver limitations and/or lack of DX8.1"<<dx_multisample_antialiasing_level <<endl;
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+*/
+#endif
+        #ifdef _DEBUG
+        if(pPresParams->MultiSampleType != D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE)
+            assert(pPresParams->SwapEffect == D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD);  // only valid effect for multisample
+        #endif
+
+        ClearToBlack(Display.hWnd,_props);
+
+        hr = pD3D8->CreateDevice(Display.CardIDNum, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, _pParentWindowGroup->_hParentWindow,
+                                 dwBehaviorFlags, pPresParams, &Display.pD3DDevice);
+
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "D3D CreateDevice failed for device #" << Display.CardIDNum << ", " << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+
+            if(hr == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY)
+                goto Fallback_to_16bpp_buffers;
+        }
+
+        SetRect(&view_rect, 0, 0, dwRenderWidth, dwRenderHeight);
+    }   // end create full screen buffers
+
+    else {          // CREATE WINDOWED BUFFERS
+
+        if(!(pD3DCaps->Caps2 & D3DCAPS2_CANRENDERWINDOWED)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "the 3D HW cannot render windowed, exiting..." << endl;
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        D3DDISPLAYMODE dispmode;
+        hr = Display.pD3D8->GetAdapterDisplayMode(Display.CardIDNum, &dispmode);
+
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetAdapterDisplayMode failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        if(dispmode.Format == D3DFMT_P8) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "Can't run windowed in an 8-bit or less display mode" << endl;
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        pPresParams->FullScreen_PresentationInterval = 0;
+
+        if(dx_multisample_antialiasing_level<2) {
+            if(dx_sync_video) {
+                pPresParams->SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY_VSYNC;
+            } else {
+                pPresParams->SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;  //D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY;  does this make any difference?
+            }
+        } else {
+            pPresParams->SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
+        }
+
+        assert((dwRenderWidth==pPresParams->BackBufferWidth)&&(dwRenderHeight==pPresParams->BackBufferHeight));
+
+        hr = pD3D8->CreateDevice(Display.CardIDNum, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, _pParentWindowGroup->_hParentWindow,
+                                 dwBehaviorFlags, pPresParams, &Display.pD3DDevice);
+
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "D3D CreateDevice failed for device #" << Display.CardIDNum << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }  // end create windowed buffers
+
+//  ========================================================
+
+    PRINT_REFCNT(wdxdisplay,_dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice);
+
+    if(pPresParams->EnableAutoDepthStencil) {
+        _dxgsg->_buffer_mask |= RenderBuffer::T_depth;
+        if(IS_STENCIL_FORMAT(pPresParams->AutoDepthStencilFormat))
+            _dxgsg->_buffer_mask |= RenderBuffer::T_stencil;
+    }
+
+    init_resized_window();
+
+    return;
+
+Fallback_to_16bpp_buffers:
+
+    if((!IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(pPresParams->BackBufferFormat)) &&
+       (Display.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & (R5G6B5_FLAG|X1R5G5B5_FLAG))) {
+            // fallback strategy, if we trying >16bpp, fallback to 16bpp buffers
+
+            Display.DisplayMode.Format = ((Display.SupportedScreenDepthsMask & R5G6B5_FLAG) ? D3DFMT_R5G6B5 : D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5);
+
+            dx_force_16bpp_zbuffer=true;
+            if(wdxdisplay_cat.info())
+               wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "CreateDevice failed with out-of-vidmem, retrying w/16bpp buffers on device #"<< Display.CardIDNum << endl;
+            CreateScreenBuffersAndDevice(Display);
+            return;
+    } else if(!((dwRenderWidth==640)&&(dwRenderHeight==480))) {
+        if(wdxdisplay_cat.info())
+           wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "CreateDevice failed w/out-of-vidmem, retrying at 640x480 w/16bpp buffers on device #"<< Display.CardIDNum << endl;
+        // try final fallback to 640x480x16
+        dx_force_16bpp_zbuffer=true;
+        Display.DisplayMode.Width=640;
+        Display.DisplayMode.Height=480;
+        CreateScreenBuffersAndDevice(Display);
+        return;
+    } else {
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+// assumes CreateDevice or Device->Reset() has just been called,
+// and the new size is specified in _dxgsg->scrn.PresParams
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::init_resized_window(void) {
+    DXScreenData *pDisplay=&_dxgsg->scrn;
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    DWORD newWidth = pDisplay->PresParams.BackBufferWidth;
+    DWORD newHeight = pDisplay->PresParams.BackBufferHeight;
+
+    if(pDisplay->PresParams.Windowed) {
+        POINT ul,lr;
+        RECT client_rect;
+
+        // need to figure out x,y origin offset of window client area on screen
+        // (we already know the client area size)
+
+        GetClientRect(pDisplay->hWnd, &client_rect);
+        ul.x=client_rect.left;  ul.y=client_rect.top;
+        lr.x=client_rect.right;  lr.y=client_rect.bottom;
+        ClientToScreen(pDisplay->hWnd, &ul);
+        ClientToScreen(pDisplay->hWnd, &lr);
+        client_rect.left=ul.x; client_rect.top=ul.y;
+        client_rect.right=lr.x; client_rect.bottom=lr.y;
+        _props._xorg = client_rect.left;  // _props should reflect view rectangle
+        _props._yorg = client_rect.top;
+
+        #ifdef _DEBUG
+          // try to make sure GDI and DX agree on window client area size
+          // but client rect will not include any offscreen areas, so dont
+          // do check if window was bigger than screen (there are other bad
+          // cases too, like when window is positioned partly offscreen,
+          // or if window trim border make size bigger than screen)
+
+          RECT desktop_rect;
+          GetClientRect(GetDesktopWindow(), &desktop_rect);
+          if((_props._xsize<RECT_XSIZE(desktop_rect)) && (_props._ysize<RECT_YSIZE(desktop_rect)))
+              assert((RECT_XSIZE(client_rect)==newWidth)&&(RECT_YSIZE(client_rect)==newHeight));
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    resized(newWidth,newHeight);  // update panda channel/display rgn info, _props.xsize, _props.ysize
+
+    // clear window to black ASAP
+    ClearToBlack(pDisplay->hWnd,_props);
+
+    // clear textures and VB's out of video&AGP mem, so cache is reset
+    hr = pDisplay->pD3DDevice->ResourceManagerDiscardBytes(0);
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "ResourceManagerDiscardBytes failed for device #" << pDisplay->CardIDNum << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+    }
+
+    // Create the viewport
+    D3DVIEWPORT8 vp = {0,0,_props._xsize,_props._ysize,0.0f,1.0f};
+    hr = pDisplay->pD3DDevice->SetViewport( &vp );
+    if(FAILED(hr)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "SetViewport failed for device #" << pDisplay->CardIDNum << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    _dxgsg->dx_init(_pParentWindowGroup->_hMouseCursor);
+    // do not SetDXReady() yet since caller may want to do more work before letting rendering proceed
+
+    SetCursor(_pParentWindowGroup->_hMouseCursor);
+    set_cursor_visibility(true);
+}
+
+// does NOT override _props._bCursorIsVisible
+INLINE void wdxGraphicsWindow::set_cursor_visibility(bool bVisible) {
+  bool bValidDXPtrs;
+
+  if(_use_dx8_cursor)
+    bValidDXPtrs = (IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg) && IS_VALID_PTR(_dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice));
+
+  if(_props._bCursorIsVisible) {
+      if(_use_dx8_cursor) {
+          ShowCursor(false);
+          if(bValidDXPtrs)
+              _dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice->ShowCursor(bVisible);
+      } else {
+         ShowCursor(bVisible);
+      }
+  } else {
+      ShowCursor(false);
+      if(_use_dx8_cursor && bValidDXPtrs)
+          _dxgsg->scrn.pD3DDevice->ShowCursor(false);
+  }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: setup_colormap
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::setup_colormap(void) {
+    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
+    LOGPALETTE *logical;
+    int n;
+
+  // should probably do this some other way than through opengl PixelFormat calls
+
+  /* grab the pixel format */
+    memset(&pfd, 0, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR));
+    DescribePixelFormat(_hdc, GetPixelFormat(_hdc),
+                        sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);
+
+    if(!(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_NEED_PALETTE ||
+         pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_COLORINDEX))
+        return;
+
+    n = 1 << pfd.cColorBits;
+
+  /* allocate a bunch of memory for the logical palette (assume 256
+     colors in a Win32 palette */
+    logical = (LOGPALETTE*)malloc(sizeof(LOGPALETTE) +
+                                  sizeof(PALETTEENTRY) * n);
+    memset(logical, 0, sizeof(LOGPALETTE) + sizeof(PALETTEENTRY) * n);
+
+  /* set the entries in the logical palette */
+    logical->palVersion = 0x300;
+    logical->palNumEntries = n;
+
+  /* start with a copy of the current system palette */
+    GetSystemPaletteEntries(_hdc, 0, 256, &logical->palPalEntry[0]);
+
+    if(pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) {
+        int redMask = (1 << pfd.cRedBits) - 1;
+        int greenMask = (1 << pfd.cGreenBits) - 1;
+        int blueMask = (1 << pfd.cBlueBits) - 1;
+        int i;
+
+    /* fill in an RGBA color palette */
+        for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            logical->palPalEntry[i].peRed =
+            (((i >> pfd.cRedShift)   & redMask)   * 255) / redMask;
+            logical->palPalEntry[i].peGreen =
+            (((i >> pfd.cGreenShift) & greenMask) * 255) / greenMask;
+            logical->palPalEntry[i].peBlue =
+            (((i >> pfd.cBlueShift)  & blueMask)  * 255) / blueMask;
+            logical->palPalEntry[i].peFlags = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    _colormap = CreatePalette(logical);
+    free(logical);
+
+    SelectPalette(_hdc, _colormap, FALSE);
+    RealizePalette(_hdc);
+}
+
+/*  dont need to override the defaults (which just go to gsg->begin_frame())
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: begin_frame
+//       Access:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::begin_frame(void) {
+    GraphicsWindow::begin_frame();
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: end_frame
+//       Access:
+//  Description:  timer info, incs frame #
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::end_frame(void) {
+    GraphicsWindow::end_frame();
+}
+*/
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_window_move
+//       Access:
+//  Description: we receive the new x and y position of the client
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::handle_window_move(int x, int y) {
+    _props._xorg = x;
+    _props._yorg = y;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_mouse_motion
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::handle_mouse_motion(int x, int y) {
+    _input_devices[0].set_pointer_in_window(x, y);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_mouse_exit
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::handle_mouse_exit(void) {
+    _input_devices[0].set_pointer_out_of_window();
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_keypress
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+handle_keypress(ButtonHandle key, int x, int y) {
+/*
+    if(key.has_ascii_equivalent()) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.spam() << key.get_ascii_equivalent() << endl;
+
+        short d1 = GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL);
+        short d2 = GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT);
+        wdxdisplay_cat.spam().flags(ios::hex | ios::uppercase );
+        wdxdisplay_cat.spam()  << " Control: " << ((d1 < 0)? "down" : "up") << "  Shift: " << ((d2 < 0)? "down" : "up") << endl;
+    }
+*/
+    _input_devices[0].set_pointer_in_window(x, y);
+    if(key != ButtonHandle::none()) {
+        _input_devices[0].button_down(key);
+    }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: handle_keyrelease
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+handle_keyrelease(ButtonHandle key) {
+    if(key != ButtonHandle::none()) {
+        _input_devices[0].button_up(key);
+    }
+}
+
+void INLINE process_1_event(void) {
+  MSG msg;
+
+  if(!GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
+      // WM_QUIT received
+      DestroyAllWindows(false);
+      exit(msg.wParam);  // this will invoke AtExitFn
+  }
+
+  // Translate virtual key messages
+  TranslateMessage(&msg);
+  // Call window_proc
+  DispatchMessage(&msg);
+}
+
+void INLINE wdxGraphicsWindow::process_events(void) {
+  if(!_window_active) {
+      // Get 1 msg at a time until no more are left and we block and sleep,
+      // or message changes _return_control_to_app or _window_active status
+
+      while((!_window_active) && (!_return_control_to_app)) {
+          process_1_event();
+      }
+      _return_control_to_app = false;
+
+  } else {
+      MSG msg;
+
+      // handle all msgs on queue in a row
+      while(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE)) {
+          process_1_event();
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: wdxGraphicsWindow::get_gsg_type
+//       Access: Public, Virtual
+//  Description: Returns the TypeHandle of the kind of GSG preferred
+//               by this kind of window.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsWindow::
+get_gsg_type() const {
+    return DXGraphicsStateGuardian::get_class_type();
+}
+
+GraphicsWindow *wdxGraphicsWindow::
+make_wdxGraphicsWindow(const FactoryParams &params) {
+    GraphicsWindow::WindowPipe *pipe_param;
+    if(!get_param_into(pipe_param, params)) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.error()
+        << "No pipe specified for window creation!" << endl;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    GraphicsPipe *pipe = pipe_param->get_pipe();
+
+    GraphicsWindow::WindowProps *props_param;
+    if(!get_param_into(props_param, params)) {
+        return new wdxGraphicsWindow(pipe);
+    } else {
+        return new wdxGraphicsWindow(pipe, props_param->get_properties());
+    }
+}
+
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsWindow::get_class_type(void) {
+    return _type_handle;
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::init_type(void) {
+    GraphicsWindow::init_type();
+    register_type(_type_handle, "wdxGraphicsWindow8",
+                  GraphicsWindow::get_class_type());
+}
+
+TypeHandle wdxGraphicsWindow::get_type(void) const {
+    return get_class_type();
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//     Function: lookup_key
+//       Access:
+//  Description:
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ButtonHandle wdxGraphicsWindow::
+lookup_key(WPARAM wparam) const {
+    // First, check for a few buttons that we filter out when the IME
+    // window is open.
+    if (!_ime_active) {
+      switch(wparam) {
+      case VK_BACK: return KeyboardButton::backspace();
+      case VK_DELETE: return KeyboardButton::del();
+      case VK_ESCAPE: return KeyboardButton::escape();
+      case VK_SPACE: return KeyboardButton::space();
+      case VK_UP: return KeyboardButton::up();
+      case VK_DOWN: return KeyboardButton::down();
+      case VK_LEFT: return KeyboardButton::left();
+      case VK_RIGHT: return KeyboardButton::right();
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Now check for the rest of the buttons, including the ones that
+    // we allow through even when the IME window is open.
+    switch(wparam) {
+        case VK_TAB: return KeyboardButton::tab();
+        case VK_PRIOR: return KeyboardButton::page_up();
+        case VK_NEXT: return KeyboardButton::page_down();
+        case VK_HOME: return KeyboardButton::home();
+        case VK_END: return KeyboardButton::end();
+        case VK_F1: return KeyboardButton::f1();
+        case VK_F2: return KeyboardButton::f2();
+        case VK_F3: return KeyboardButton::f3();
+        case VK_F4: return KeyboardButton::f4();
+        case VK_F5: return KeyboardButton::f5();
+        case VK_F6: return KeyboardButton::f6();
+        case VK_F7: return KeyboardButton::f7();
+        case VK_F8: return KeyboardButton::f8();
+        case VK_F9: return KeyboardButton::f9();
+        case VK_F10: return KeyboardButton::f10();
+        case VK_F11: return KeyboardButton::f11();
+        case VK_F12: return KeyboardButton::f12();
+        case VK_INSERT: return KeyboardButton::insert();
+        case VK_CAPITAL: return KeyboardButton::caps_lock();
+        case VK_NUMLOCK: return KeyboardButton::num_lock();
+        case VK_SCROLL: return KeyboardButton::scroll_lock();
+        case VK_SNAPSHOT: return KeyboardButton::print_screen();
+
+        case VK_SHIFT:
+        case VK_LSHIFT:
+        case VK_RSHIFT:
+            return KeyboardButton::shift();
+
+        case VK_CONTROL:
+        case VK_LCONTROL:
+        case VK_RCONTROL:
+            return KeyboardButton::control();
+
+        case VK_MENU:
+        case VK_LMENU:
+        case VK_RMENU:
+            return KeyboardButton::alt();
+
+        default:
+            int key = MapVirtualKey(wparam, 2);
+            if (isascii(key) && key != 0) {
+              // We used to try to remap lowercase to uppercase keys
+              // here based on the state of the shift and/or caps lock
+              // keys.  But that's a mistake, and doesn't allow for
+              // international or user-defined keyboards; let Windows
+              // do that mapping.
+
+              // Nowadays, we make a distinction between a "button"
+              // and a "keystroke".  A button corresponds to a
+              // physical button on the keyboard and has a down and up
+              // event associated.  A keystroke may or may not
+              // correspond to a physical button, but will be some
+              // Unicode character and will not have a corresponding
+              // up event.
+              return KeyboardButton::ascii_key(tolower(key));
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+    return ButtonHandle::none();
+}
+
+int wdxGraphicsWindow::
+get_depth_bitwidth(void) {
+    assert(_dxgsg!=NULL);
+    if(_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil)
+       return _dxgsg->scrn.depth_buffer_bitdepth;
+     else return 0;
+
+// GetSurfaceDesc is not reliable, on GF2, GetSurfDesc returns 32bpp when you created a 24bpp zbuf
+// instead store the depth used at creation time
+
+//    DX_DECLARE_CLEAN(DDSURFACEDESC2, ddsd);
+//    _dxgsg->_zbuf->GetSurfaceDesc(&ddsd);
+//  return ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwRGBBitCount;
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindow::
+get_framebuffer_format(PixelBuffer::Type &fb_type, PixelBuffer::Format &fb_format) {
+    assert(_dxgsg!=NULL);
+
+    fb_type = PixelBuffer::T_unsigned_byte;
+    // this is sortof incorrect, since for F_rgb5 it's really 5 bits per channel
+    //would have to change a lot of texture stuff to make this correct though
+
+    if(IS_16BPP_DISPLAY_FORMAT(_dxgsg->scrn.PresParams.BackBufferFormat))
+        fb_format = PixelBuffer::F_rgb5;
+     else fb_format = PixelBuffer::F_rgb;
+}
+
+// Global system parameters we want to modify during our run
+static int iMouseTrails;
+static bool bCursorShadowOn,bMouseVanish;
+
+#ifndef SPI_GETMOUSEVANISH
+// get rid of this when we upgrade to winxp winuser.h in newest platform sdk
+#define SPI_GETMOUSEVANISH                  0x1020
+#define SPI_SETMOUSEVANISH                  0x1021
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SPI_GETCURSORSHADOW
+#error You have old windows headers, need to get latest MS Platform SDK
+#endif
+
+void set_global_parameters(void) {
+  // turn off mousetrails and cursor shadow and mouse cursor vanish
+  // cursor shadow causes cursor blink and reduced frame rate due to lack of driver support for
+  // cursor alpha blending
+
+  // this is a win2k/xp only param, could use GetVersionEx to do it just for win2k,
+  // but since it is just a param it will just cause a silent error on other OS's
+  // that should be ok
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETCURSORSHADOW,NULL,&bCursorShadowOn,NULL);
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETCURSORSHADOW,NULL,(PVOID)false,NULL);
+
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETMOUSETRAILS,NULL,&iMouseTrails,NULL);
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETMOUSETRAILS,NULL,(PVOID)0,NULL);
+
+  // this is ME/XP only feature
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETMOUSEVANISH,NULL,&bMouseVanish,NULL);
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETMOUSEVANISH,NULL,(PVOID)false,NULL);
+}
+
+void restore_global_parameters(void) {
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETCURSORSHADOW,NULL,(PVOID)bCursorShadowOn,NULL);
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETMOUSETRAILS,NULL,(PVOID)iMouseTrails,NULL);
+  SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETMOUSEVANISH,NULL,(PVOID)bMouseVanish,NULL);
+}
+
+
+// fns for exporting to python, which cant pass variable length arrays
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *pipe,const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win1Prop) {
+    GraphicsWindow::Properties WinPropArr[1];
+    WinPropArr[0]=Win1Prop;
+    make_windows(pipe,1,WinPropArr);
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *pipe,
+                                               const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win1Prop,
+                                               const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win2Prop) {
+    GraphicsWindow::Properties WinPropArr[2];
+
+    WinPropArr[0]=Win1Prop;
+    WinPropArr[1]=Win2Prop;
+    make_windows(pipe,2,WinPropArr);
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *pipe,
+                                               const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win1Prop,
+                                               const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win2Prop,
+                                               const GraphicsWindow::Properties &Win3Prop) {
+    GraphicsWindow::Properties WinPropArr[3];
+
+    WinPropArr[0]=Win1Prop;
+    WinPropArr[1]=Win2Prop;
+    WinPropArr[2]=Win3Prop;
+    make_windows(pipe,3,WinPropArr);
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(wdxGraphicsWindow *OneWindow) {
+    // init a 1 window group
+    // called from config_window
+
+    _windows.reserve(1);
+    _windows.push_back(OneWindow);
+    initWindowGroup();
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::initWindowGroup(void) {
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    assert(_windows.size()>0);
+    _hOldForegroundWindow=GetForegroundWindow();
+    _bClosingAllWindows= false;
+
+    UINT num_windows=_windows.size();
+
+    #define D3D8_NAME "d3d8.dll"
+    #define D3DCREATE8 "Direct3DCreate8"
+
+    _hD3D8_DLL = LoadLibrary(D3D8_NAME);
+    if(_hD3D8_DLL == 0) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "PandaDX8 requires DX8, can't locate " << D3D8_NAME <<"!\n";
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    _hMouseCursor = NULL;
+    _bLoadedCustomCursor = false;
+
+    _pDInputInfo = NULL;
+
+    // can only get multimon HW acceleration in fullscrn on DX7
+
+    UINT numMonitors = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CMONITORS);
+
+    if(numMonitors < num_windows) {
+        if(numMonitors==0) {
+             numMonitors=1;   //win95 system will fail this call
+          } else {
+              wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "system has only "<< numMonitors << " monitors attached, couldn't find enough devices to meet multi window reqmt of " << num_windows << endl;
+              exit(1);
+          }
+    }
+
+   // Do all DX7 stuff first
+   //  find_all_card_memavails();
+
+    LPDIRECT3D8 pD3D8;
+
+    typedef LPDIRECT3D8 (WINAPI *Direct3DCreate8_ProcPtr)(UINT SDKVersion);
+
+    // dont want to statically link to possibly non-existent d3d8 dll, so must call D3DCr8 indirectly
+    Direct3DCreate8_ProcPtr D3DCreate8_Ptr =
+        (Direct3DCreate8_ProcPtr) GetProcAddress(_hD3D8_DLL, D3DCREATE8);
+
+    if(D3DCreate8_Ptr == NULL) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "GetProcAddress for "<< D3DCREATE8 << "failed!" << endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+// these were taken from the 8.0 and 8.1 d3d8.h SDK headers
+#define D3D_SDK_VERSION_8_0  120
+#define D3D_SDK_VERSION_8_1  220
+
+    // are we using 8.0 or 8.1?
+    WIN32_FIND_DATA TempFindData;
+    HANDLE hFind;
+    char tmppath[MAX_PATH];
+    GetSystemDirectory(tmppath,MAX_PATH);
+    strcat(tmppath,"\\dpnhpast.dll");
+    hFind = FindFirstFile ( tmppath,&TempFindData );
+    if(hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+         FindClose(hFind);
+         _bIsDX81=true;
+         pD3D8 = (*D3DCreate8_Ptr)(D3D_SDK_VERSION_8_1);
+    } else {
+        _bIsDX81=false;
+        pD3D8 = (*D3DCreate8_Ptr)(D3D_SDK_VERSION_8_0);
+    }
+
+    if(pD3D8==NULL) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << D3DCREATE8 << " failed!\n";
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    _numAdapters = pD3D8->GetAdapterCount();
+    if(_numAdapters < num_windows) {
+        wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "couldn't find enough devices attached to meet multi window reqmt of " << num_windows << endl;
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<_numAdapters;i++) {
+        D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8 adapter_info;
+        ZeroMemory(&adapter_info,sizeof(D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8));
+        hr = pD3D8->GetAdapterIdentifier(i,D3DENUM_NO_WHQL_LEVEL,&adapter_info);
+        if(FAILED(hr)) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "D3D GetAdapterID failed" << D3DERRORSTRING(hr);
+        }
+
+        LARGE_INTEGER *DrvVer=&adapter_info.DriverVersion;
+
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "D3D8 Adapter[" << i << "]: " << adapter_info.Description <<
+                               ", Driver: " << adapter_info.Driver << ", DriverVersion: ("
+            << HIWORD(DrvVer->HighPart) << "." << LOWORD(DrvVer->HighPart) << "."
+            << HIWORD(DrvVer->LowPart) << "." << LOWORD(DrvVer->LowPart) << ")\nVendorID: 0x"
+            << (void*) adapter_info.VendorId << " DeviceID: 0x" <<  (void*) adapter_info.DeviceId
+            << " SubsysID: 0x" << (void*) adapter_info.SubSysId << " Revision: 0x"
+            << (void*) adapter_info.Revision << endl;
+
+        HMONITOR hMon=pD3D8->GetAdapterMonitor(i);
+        if(hMon==NULL) {
+            wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "D3D8 Adapter[" << i << "]: seems to be disabled, skipping it\n";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        DXDeviceInfo devinfo;
+        ZeroMemory(&devinfo,sizeof(devinfo));
+        memcpy(&devinfo.guidDeviceIdentifier,&adapter_info.DeviceIdentifier,sizeof(GUID));
+        strncpy(devinfo.szDescription,adapter_info.Description,MAX_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_STRING);
+        strncpy(devinfo.szDriver,adapter_info.Driver,MAX_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_STRING);
+        devinfo.VendorID=adapter_info.VendorId;
+        devinfo.DeviceID=adapter_info.DeviceId;
+        devinfo.hMon=hMon;
+        devinfo.cardID=i;
+
+        _DeviceInfoVec.push_back(devinfo);
+    }
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<num_windows;i++) {
+        _windows[i]->config_window(this);
+    }
+
+    UINT good_device_count=0;
+
+    if(num_windows==1) {
+        UINT D3DAdapterNum = D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT;
+
+        if(dx_preferred_deviceID!=-1) {
+            if(dx_preferred_deviceID>=(int)_numAdapters) {
+                wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "invalid 'dx-preferred-device-id', valid values are 0-" << _numAdapters-1 << ", using default adapter 0 instead\n";
+            } else D3DAdapterNum=dx_preferred_deviceID;
+        }
+        if(_windows[0]->search_for_device(pD3D8,&(_DeviceInfoVec[D3DAdapterNum])))
+            good_device_count=1;
+    } else {
+        for(UINT devnum=0;devnum<_DeviceInfoVec.size() && (good_device_count < num_windows);devnum++) {
+            if(_windows[devnum]->search_for_device(pD3D8,&(_DeviceInfoVec[devnum])))
+                good_device_count++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(good_device_count < num_windows) {
+      if(good_device_count==0)
+         wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "no usable display devices, exiting...\n";
+       else wdxdisplay_cat.fatal() << "multi-device request for " << num_windows << "devices, found only "<< good_device_count << " usable ones, exiting!";
+      exit(1);
+    }
+
+    _DeviceInfoVec.clear();  // dont need this anymore
+
+    if(wdxdisplay_cat.is_debug() && (g_pCardIDVec!=NULL)) {
+      // print out the MaxAvailVidMems
+      for(UINT i=0;i<_windows.size();i++) {
+        D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8 adapter_info;
+        pD3D8->GetAdapterIdentifier(_windows[i]->_dxgsg->scrn.CardIDNum,D3DENUM_NO_WHQL_LEVEL,&adapter_info);
+        wdxdisplay_cat.info() << "D3D8 Adapter[" << i << "]: " << adapter_info.Description
+                              << ", MaxAvailVideoMem: " << _windows[i]->_dxgsg->scrn.MaxAvailVidMem
+                              << ", IsLowVidMemCard: " << (_windows[i]->_dxgsg->scrn.bIsLowVidMemCard ? "true" : "false") << endl;
+      }
+    }
+
+    CreateWindows();  // creates win32 windows  (need to do this before Setting coopLvls and display modes,
+                      // but after we have all the monitor handles needed by CreateWindow()
+
+//    SetCoopLevelsAndDisplayModes();
+
+    if(dx_show_fps_meter)
+       _windows[0]->_dxgsg->_bShowFPSMeter = true;  // just show fps on 1st mon
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<num_windows;i++) {
+        _windows[i]->CreateScreenBuffersAndDevice(_windows[i]->_dxgsg->scrn);
+    }
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<num_windows;i++) {
+        _windows[i]->finish_window_setup();
+    }
+
+    SAFE_DELETE(g_pCardIDVec);  // dont need this anymore
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<num_windows;i++) {
+        _windows[i]->_dxgsg->SetDXReady(true);
+    }
+
+    dx_pick_best_screenres = false;   // only want to do this on startup, not resize
+
+  #ifdef DINPUT_DEBUG_POLL
+    if(dx_use_joystick) {
+        _pDInputInfo = new DInput8Info;
+        assert(_pDInputInfo !=NULL);
+       if(!_pDInputInfo->InitDirectInput()) {
+           wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "InitDirectInput failed!\n";
+           exit(1);
+       }
+
+       if(!_pDInputInfo->CreateJoystickOrPad(_hParentWindow)) {  // associate w/parent window of group for now
+           wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "CreateJoystickOrPad failed!\n";
+           exit(1);
+       }
+
+        // for now, just set up a WM_TIMER to poll the joystick.
+        // could configure it to do event-based input, and that is default w/action mapping
+        // which would be better, less processor intensive
+
+        #define POLL_FREQUENCY_HZ  3
+        _pDInputInfo->_JoystickPollTimer = SetTimer(_hParentWindow, JOYSTICK_POLL_TIMER_ID, 1000/POLL_FREQUENCY_HZ, NULL);
+        if(_pDInputInfo->_JoystickPollTimer!=JOYSTICK_POLL_TIMER_ID) {
+           wdxdisplay_cat.error() << "Error in joystick SetTimer!\n";
+       }
+    }
+  #endif
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *pipe,int num_windows,GraphicsWindow::Properties *WinPropArray) {
+    make_windows(pipe,num_windows,WinPropArray);
+}
+
+void wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::
+make_windows(GraphicsPipe *pipe,int num_windows,GraphicsWindow::Properties *WinPropArray) {
+    _hParentWindow=NULL;
+    _windows.reserve(num_windows);
+    int i;
+
+    // first make all the objs without running the dx config() stuff
+    for(i=0;i<num_windows;i++) {
+        wdxGraphicsWindow *pWdxWinptr= new wdxGraphicsWindow(pipe,WinPropArray[i],this);
+        assert(pWdxWinptr!=NULL);
+        _windows.push_back(pWdxWinptr);
+    }
+
+    initWindowGroup();  // needs _windows.size() to be valid
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindow::wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe, const GraphicsWindow::Properties &props, wdxGraphicsWindowGroup *pParentGroup)
+                   : GraphicsWindow(pipe, props) {
+    _pParentWindowGroup=pParentGroup;
+    _ime_open = false;
+   // just call the GraphicsWindow constructor, have to hold off rest of init
+}
+
+wdxGraphicsWindowGroup::~wdxGraphicsWindowGroup() {
+    // this fn must be called before windows are actually closed
+    _bClosingAllWindows= true;
+
+    SAFE_DELETE(_pDInputInfo);
+
+    for(UINT i=0;i<_windows.size();i++) {
+        _windows[i]->close_window();
+    }
+
+    if((_hOldForegroundWindow!=NULL) /*&& (scrn.hWnd==GetForegroundWindow())*/) {
+        SetForegroundWindow(_hOldForegroundWindow);
+    }
+
+    if(_bLoadedCustomCursor && (_hMouseCursor!=NULL))
+      DestroyCursor(_hMouseCursor);
+
+    if(_hD3D8_DLL != NULL) {
+       FreeLibrary(_hD3D8_DLL);
+       _hD3D8_DLL = NULL;
+    }
+}
+

+ 195 - 0
panda/src/dxgsg8/wdxGraphicsWindow8.h.old

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Filename: wdxGraphicsWindow.h
+// Created by:  mike (09Jan97)
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
+// Copyright (c) 2001, Disney Enterprises, Inc.  All rights reserved
+//
+// All use of this software is subject to the terms of the Panda 3d
+// Software license.  You should have received a copy of this license
+// along with this source code; you will also find a current copy of
+// the license at http://www.panda3d.org/license.txt .
+//
+// To contact the maintainers of this program write to
+// [email protected] .
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#ifndef WDXGRAPHICSWINDOW_H
+#define WDXGRAPHICSWINDOW_H
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Includes
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#include <pandabase.h>
+#include <graphicsWindow.h>
+#include "dxGraphicsStateGuardian8.h"
+#include <dxInput8.h>
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Defines
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+class wdxGraphicsPipe;
+class wdxGraphicsWindowGroup;
+
+const int WDXWIN_CONFIGURE = 4;
+const int WDXWIN_EVENT = 8;
+
+//#define FIND_CARD_MEMAVAILS
+
+typedef HRESULT (WINAPI * LPDIRECTDRAWCREATEEX)(GUID FAR * lpGuid, LPVOID  *lplpDD, REFIID  iid,IUnknown FAR *pUnkOuter);
+
+typedef struct {
+   UINT    cardID;
+   char    szDriver[MAX_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_STRING];
+   char    szDescription[MAX_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER_STRING];
+   GUID    guidDeviceIdentifier;
+   DWORD   VendorID,DeviceID;
+   HMONITOR hMon;
+} DXDeviceInfo;
+typedef vector<DXDeviceInfo> DXDeviceInfoVec;
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//       Class : wdxGraphicsWindow
+// Description :
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+class EXPCL_PANDADX wdxGraphicsWindow : public GraphicsWindow {
+ friend class DXGraphicsStateGuardian;
+ friend class DXTextureContext;
+ friend class wdxGraphicsWindowGroup;
+ friend class DInput8Info;
+
+public:
+  wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe);
+  wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe,const GraphicsWindow::Properties& props);
+
+  // this constructor will not initialize the wdx stuff, only the panda graphicswindow stuff
+  wdxGraphicsWindow(GraphicsPipe* pipe,const GraphicsWindow::Properties& props,wdxGraphicsWindowGroup *pParentGroup);
+
+  virtual ~wdxGraphicsWindow(void);
+
+  virtual TypeHandle get_gsg_type() const;
+  static GraphicsWindow* make_wdxGraphicsWindow(const FactoryParams &params);
+
+  void set_window_handle(HWND hwnd);
+
+  LONG window_proc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam);
+  void process_events(void);
+
+  void handle_window_move( int x, int y );
+  void handle_mouse_motion( int x, int y );
+  void handle_mouse_exit(void);
+  void handle_keypress(ButtonHandle key, int x, int y );
+  void handle_keyrelease(ButtonHandle key);
+  void dx_setup();
+
+// dont need to override these now?
+//  virtual void begin_frame( void );
+//  virtual void end_frame( void );
+
+  virtual bool resize(unsigned int xsize,unsigned int ysize);
+  virtual unsigned int verify_window_sizes(unsigned int numsizes,unsigned int *dimen);
+  bool special_check_fullscreen_resolution(UINT xsize,UINT ysize);
+  virtual int get_depth_bitwidth(void);
+  virtual void get_framebuffer_format(PixelBuffer::Type &fb_type, PixelBuffer::Format &fb_format);
+
+protected:
+  ButtonHandle lookup_key(WPARAM wparam) const;
+  void config_single_window(void);
+  void config_window(wdxGraphicsWindowGroup *pParentGroup);
+  void finish_window_setup(void);
+  bool search_for_device(LPDIRECT3D8 pD3D8,DXDeviceInfo *pDevinfo);
+  void search_for_valid_displaymode(UINT RequestedXsize,UINT RequestedYsize,bool bWantZBuffer,bool bWantStencil,
+                                    UINT *pSupportedScreenDepthsMask,bool *pCouldntFindAnyValidZBuf,
+                                    D3DFORMAT *pSuggestedPixFmt,bool bVerboseMode = false);
+  bool FindBestDepthFormat(DXScreenData &Display,D3DDISPLAYMODE &TestDisplayMode,D3DFORMAT *pBestFmt,bool bWantStencil,bool bForce16bpp,bool bVerboseMode = false) const;
+  void init_resized_window(void);
+  bool reset_device_resize_window(UINT new_xsize, UINT new_ysize);
+  void setup_colormap(void);
+  INLINE void track_mouse_leaving(HWND hwnd);
+
+public:
+  UINT_PTR _PandaPausedTimer;
+  DXGraphicsStateGuardian *_dxgsg;
+  void CreateScreenBuffersAndDevice(DXScreenData &Display);
+
+private:
+  wdxGraphicsWindowGroup *_pParentWindowGroup;
+  HDC               _hdc;
+  HPALETTE          _colormap;
+  typedef enum { NotAdjusting,MovingOrResizing,Resizing } WindowAdjustType;
+  WindowAdjustType  _WindowAdjustingType;
+  bool              _bSizeIsMaximized;
+  bool              _ime_open;
+  bool              _ime_active;
+  bool              _ime_composition_w;
+  bool              _exiting_window;
+  bool              _window_inactive;
+  bool              _active_minimized_fullscreen;
+  bool              _return_control_to_app;
+  bool              _cursor_in_windowclientarea;
+  bool              _use_dx8_cursor;
+  bool              _tracking_mouse_leaving;
+  int               _depth_buffer_bpp;
+
+public:
+  static TypeHandle get_class_type(void);
+  static void init_type(void);
+  virtual TypeHandle get_type(void) const;
+  virtual TypeHandle force_init_type() {init_type(); return get_class_type();}
+
+  void DestroyMe(bool bAtExitFnCalled);
+  virtual void do_close_window();
+  void deactivate_window(void);
+  void reactivate_window(void);
+  INLINE void set_cursor_visibility(bool bVisible);
+  bool handle_windowed_resize(HWND hWnd,bool bDoDXReset);
+
+private:
+  static TypeHandle _type_handle;
+};
+
+// this class really belongs in panda, not here
+class EXPCL_PANDADX wdxGraphicsWindowGroup {
+// group of windows are all created at the same time
+    friend class wdxGraphicsWindow;
+
+PUBLISHED:
+    wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *,const GraphicsWindow::Properties&);
+    wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *,const GraphicsWindow::Properties&,const GraphicsWindow::Properties&);
+    wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *,const GraphicsWindow::Properties&,const GraphicsWindow::Properties&,
+                           const GraphicsWindow::Properties&);
+public:
+    wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(wdxGraphicsWindow *OneWindow);
+    // dont publish variable length one, since FFI wont support it
+    wdxGraphicsWindowGroup(GraphicsPipe *pipe,int num_windows,GraphicsWindow::Properties *WinPropArray);
+    ~wdxGraphicsWindowGroup();
+//    void SetCoopLevelsAndDisplayModes(void);
+protected:
+    void find_all_card_memavails(void);
+public:
+    void CreateWindows(void);
+    void make_windows(GraphicsPipe *,int num_windows,GraphicsWindow::Properties *pWinPropArray);
+    void initWindowGroup(void);
+
+    pvector<wdxGraphicsWindow *> _windows;
+    DXDeviceInfoVec *_pDeviceInfoVec;  // only used during init to store valid devices
+    HWND      _hParentWindow;
+    HWND      _hOldForegroundWindow;
+    HCURSOR   _hMouseCursor;
+    bool      _bLoadedCustomCursor;
+    bool      _bClosingAllWindows;
+    bool      _bIsDX81;
+    DWORD      _numMonitors,_numAdapters;
+    LPDIRECT3D8 _pD3D8;
+    HINSTANCE   _hD3D8_DLL;
+    DInput8Info *_pDInputInfo;
+    DXDeviceInfoVec _DeviceInfoVec;
+};
+
+extern void set_global_parameters(void);
+extern void restore_global_parameters(void);
+extern bool is_badvidmem_card(D3DADAPTER_IDENTIFIER8 *pDevID);
+
+
+#endif