urho3d/Source/Engine/Graphics/Renderer.cpp

//
// Copyright (c) 2008-2014 the Urho3D project.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
//

#include "Precompiled.h"
#include "Camera.h"
#include "CoreEvents.h"
#include "DebugRenderer.h"
#include "Geometry.h"
#include "Graphics.h"
#include "GraphicsEvents.h"
#include "GraphicsImpl.h"
#include "IndexBuffer.h"
#include "Log.h"
#include "Material.h"
#include "OcclusionBuffer.h"
#include "Octree.h"
#include "Profiler.h"
#include "Renderer.h"
#include "RenderPath.h"
#include "ResourceCache.h"
#include "Scene.h"
#include "Shader.h"
#include "ShaderVariation.h"
#include "Technique.h"
#include "Texture2D.h"
#include "TextureCube.h"
#include "VertexBuffer.h"
#include "View.h"
#include "XMLFile.h"
#include "Zone.h"

#include "DebugNew.h"

namespace Urho3D
{

static const float dirLightVertexData[] =
{
    -1, 1, 0,
    1, 1, 0,
    1, -1, 0,
    -1, -1, 0,
};

static const unsigned short dirLightIndexData[] =
{
    0, 1, 2,
    2, 3, 0,
};

static const float pointLightVertexData[] =
{
    -0.423169f, -1.000000f, 0.423169f,
    -0.423169f, -1.000000f, -0.423169f,
    0.423169f, -1.000000f, -0.423169f,
    0.423169f, -1.000000f, 0.423169f,
    0.423169f, 1.000000f, -0.423169f,
    -0.423169f, 1.000000f, -0.423169f,
    -0.423169f, 1.000000f, 0.423169f,
    0.423169f, 1.000000f, 0.423169f,
    -1.000000f, 0.423169f, -0.423169f,
    -1.000000f, -0.423169f, -0.423169f,
    -1.000000f, -0.423169f, 0.423169f,
    -1.000000f, 0.423169f, 0.423169f,
    0.423169f, 0.423169f, -1.000000f,
    0.423169f, -0.423169f, -1.000000f,
    -0.423169f, -0.423169f, -1.000000f,
    -0.423169f, 0.423169f, -1.000000f,
    1.000000f, 0.423169f, 0.423169f,
    1.000000f, -0.423169f, 0.423169f,
    1.000000f, -0.423169f, -0.423169f,
    1.000000f, 0.423169f, -0.423169f,
    0.423169f, -0.423169f, 1.000000f,
    0.423169f, 0.423169f, 1.000000f,
    -0.423169f, 0.423169f, 1.000000f,
    -0.423169f, -0.423169f, 1.000000f
};

static const unsigned short pointLightIndexData[] =
{
    0, 1, 2,
    0, 2, 3,
    4, 5, 6,
    4, 6, 7,
    8, 9, 10,
    8, 10, 11,
    12, 13, 14,
    12, 14, 15,
    16, 17, 18,
    16, 18, 19,
    20, 21, 22,
    20, 22, 23,
    0, 10, 9,
    0, 9, 1,
    13, 2, 1,
    13, 1, 14,
    23, 0, 3,
    23, 3, 20,
    17, 3, 2,
    17, 2, 18,
    21, 7, 6,
    21, 6, 22,
    7, 16, 19,
    7, 19, 4,
    5, 8, 11,
    5, 11, 6,
    4, 12, 15,
    4, 15, 5,
    22, 11, 10,
    22, 10, 23,
    8, 15, 14,
    8, 14, 9,
    12, 19, 18,
    12, 18, 13,
    16, 21, 20,
    16, 20, 17,
    0, 23, 10,
    1, 9, 14,
    2, 13, 18,
    3, 17, 20,
    6, 11, 22,
    5, 15, 8,
    4, 19, 12,
    7, 21, 16
};

static const float spotLightVertexData[] =
{
    0.00001f, 0.00001f, 0.00001f,
    0.00001f, -0.00001f, 0.00001f,
    -0.00001f, -0.00001f, 0.00001f,
    -0.00001f, 0.00001f, 0.00001f,
    1.00000f, 1.00000f, 0.99999f,
    1.00000f, -1.00000f, 0.99999f,
    -1.00000f,  -1.00000f, 0.99999f,
    -1.00000f, 1.00000f, 0.99999f,
};

static const unsigned short spotLightIndexData[] =
{
    3, 0, 1,
    3, 1, 2,
    0, 4, 5,
    0, 5, 1,
    3, 7, 4,
    3, 4, 0,
    7, 3, 2,
    7, 2, 6,
    6, 2, 1,
    6, 1, 5,
    7, 5, 4,
    7, 6, 5
};

static const char* shadowVariations[] =
{
    #ifdef USE_OPENGL
    // No specific hardware shadow compare variation on OpenGL, it is always supported
    "LQSHADOW ",
    "LQSHADOW ",
    "",
    ""
    #else
    // On Direct3D the quality is always "low" if not using hardware shadow compare
    "",
    "LQSHADOW HWSHADOW ",
    "",
    "HWSHADOW "
    #endif
};

static const char* geometryVSVariations[] =
{
    "",
    "SKINNED ",
    "INSTANCED ",
    "BILLBOARD "
};

static const char* lightVSVariations[] =
{
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW "
};

static const char* vertexLightVSVariations[] =
{
    "",
    "NUMVERTEXLIGHTS=1 ",
    "NUMVERTEXLIGHTS=2 ",
    "NUMVERTEXLIGHTS=3 ",
    "NUMVERTEXLIGHTS=4 ",
};

static const char* deferredLightVSVariations[] =
{
    "",
    "DIRLIGHT ",
    "ORTHO ",
    "DIRLIGHT ORTHO "
};

static const char* lightPSVariations[] = 
{
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT CUBEMASK ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT CUBEMASK SPECULAR ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT CUBEMASK SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL DIRLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL SPOTLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT SPECULAR SHADOW ",
    "PERPIXEL POINTLIGHT CUBEMASK SPECULAR SHADOW "
};

static const char* heightFogVariations[] =
{
    "",
    "HEIGHTFOG "
};

static const unsigned INSTANCING_BUFFER_MASK = MASK_INSTANCEMATRIX1 | MASK_INSTANCEMATRIX2 | MASK_INSTANCEMATRIX3;
static const unsigned MAX_BUFFER_AGE = 1000;

Renderer::Renderer(Context* context) :
    Object(context),
    defaultZone_(new Zone(context)),
    quadDirLight_(new Light(context)),
    textureAnisotropy_(4),
    textureFilterMode_(FILTER_TRILINEAR),
    textureQuality_(QUALITY_HIGH),
    materialQuality_(QUALITY_HIGH),
    shadowMapSize_(1024),
    shadowQuality_(SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_16BIT),
    maxShadowMaps_(1),
    maxShadowCascades_(MAX_CASCADE_SPLITS),
    minInstances_(2),
    maxInstanceTriangles_(500),
    maxSortedInstances_(1000),
    maxOccluderTriangles_(5000),
    occlusionBufferSize_(256),
    occluderSizeThreshold_(0.025f),
    numViews_(0), 
    numOcclusionBuffers_(0),
    numShadowCameras_(0),
    shadersChangedFrameNumber_(M_MAX_UNSIGNED),
    hdrRendering_(false),
    specularLighting_(true),
    drawShadows_(true),
    reuseShadowMaps_(true),
    dynamicInstancing_(true),
    shadersDirty_(true),
    initialized_(false)
{
    #ifndef USE_OPENGL
    shaderPath_ = "Shaders/HLSL/";
    shaderExtension_ = ".hlsl";
    #else
    shaderPath_ = "Shaders/GLSL/";
    shaderExtension_ = ".glsl";
    #endif

    SubscribeToEvent(E_SCREENMODE, HANDLER(Renderer, HandleScreenMode));
    SubscribeToEvent(E_GRAPHICSFEATURES, HANDLER(Renderer, HandleGraphicsFeatures));
    
    quadDirLight_->SetLightType(LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL);
    
    // Try to initialize right now, but skip if screen mode is not yet set
    Initialize();
}

Renderer::~Renderer()
{
}

void Renderer::SetNumViewports(unsigned num)
{
    viewports_.Resize(num);
}

void Renderer::SetViewport(unsigned index, Viewport* viewport)
{
    if (index >= viewports_.Size())
        viewports_.Resize(index + 1);
    
    viewports_[index] = viewport;
}

void Renderer::SetDefaultRenderPath(RenderPath* renderPath)
{
    if (renderPath)
        defaultRenderPath_ = renderPath;
}

void Renderer::SetDefaultRenderPath(XMLFile* xmlFile)
{
    SharedPtr<RenderPath> newRenderPath(new RenderPath());
    if (newRenderPath->Load(xmlFile))
        defaultRenderPath_ = newRenderPath;
}

void Renderer::SetHDRRendering(bool enable)
{
    hdrRendering_ = enable;
}

void Renderer::SetSpecularLighting(bool enable)
{
    specularLighting_ = enable;
}

void Renderer::SetTextureAnisotropy(int level)
{
    textureAnisotropy_ = Max(level, 1);
}

void Renderer::SetTextureFilterMode(TextureFilterMode mode)
{
    textureFilterMode_ = mode;
}

void Renderer::SetTextureQuality(int quality)
{
    quality = Clamp(quality, QUALITY_LOW, QUALITY_HIGH);
    
    if (quality != textureQuality_)
    {
        textureQuality_ = quality;
        ReloadTextures();
    }
}

void Renderer::SetMaterialQuality(int quality)
{
    quality = Clamp(quality, QUALITY_LOW, QUALITY_MAX);
    
    if (quality != materialQuality_)
    {
        materialQuality_ = quality;
        shadersDirty_ = true;
        ResetViews();
    }
}

void Renderer::SetDrawShadows(bool enable)
{
    if (!graphics_ || !graphics_->GetShadowMapFormat())
        return;
    
    drawShadows_ = enable;
    if (!drawShadows_)
        ResetShadowMaps();
}

void Renderer::SetShadowMapSize(int size)
{
    if (!graphics_)
        return;
    
    size = NextPowerOfTwo(Max(size, SHADOW_MIN_PIXELS));
    if (size != shadowMapSize_)
    {
        shadowMapSize_ = size;
        ResetShadowMaps();
    }
}

void Renderer::SetShadowQuality(int quality)
{
    if (!graphics_)
        return;
    
    quality &= SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_24BIT;
    
    // If no hardware PCF, do not allow to select one-sample quality
    if (!graphics_->GetHardwareShadowSupport())
        quality |= SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_16BIT;
    if (!graphics_->GetHiresShadowMapFormat())
        quality &= SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_16BIT;
    
    if (quality != shadowQuality_)
    {
        shadowQuality_ = quality;
        shadersDirty_ = true;
        ResetShadowMaps();
    }
}

void Renderer::SetReuseShadowMaps(bool enable)
{
    if (enable == reuseShadowMaps_)
        return;
    
    reuseShadowMaps_ = enable;
}

void Renderer::SetMaxShadowMaps(int shadowMaps)
{
    if (shadowMaps < 1)
        return;
    
    maxShadowMaps_ = shadowMaps;
    for (HashMap<int, Vector<SharedPtr<Texture2D> > >::Iterator i = shadowMaps_.Begin(); i != shadowMaps_.End(); ++i)
    {
        if ((int)i->second_.Size() > maxShadowMaps_)
            i->second_.Resize(maxShadowMaps_);
    }
}

void Renderer::SetMaxShadowCascades(int cascades)
{
    cascades = Clamp(cascades, 1, MAX_CASCADE_SPLITS);
    
    if (cascades != maxShadowCascades_)
    {
        maxShadowCascades_ = cascades;
        ResetShadowMaps();
    }
}

void Renderer::SetDynamicInstancing(bool enable)
{
    if (!instancingBuffer_)
        enable = false;
    
    dynamicInstancing_ = enable;
}

void Renderer::SetMinInstances(int instances)
{
    minInstances_ = Max(instances, 2);
}

void Renderer::SetMaxInstanceTriangles(int triangles)
{
    maxInstanceTriangles_ = Max(triangles, 0);
}

void Renderer::SetMaxSortedInstances(int instances)
{
    maxSortedInstances_ = Max(instances, 0);
}

void Renderer::SetMaxOccluderTriangles(int triangles)
{
    maxOccluderTriangles_ = Max(triangles, 0);
}

void Renderer::SetOcclusionBufferSize(int size)
{
    occlusionBufferSize_ = Max(size, 1);
    occlusionBuffers_.Clear();
}

void Renderer::SetOccluderSizeThreshold(float screenSize)
{
    occluderSizeThreshold_ = Max(screenSize, 0.0f);
}

void Renderer::ReloadShaders()
{
    shadersDirty_ = true;
}

Viewport* Renderer::GetViewport(unsigned index) const
{
    return index < viewports_.Size() ? viewports_[index] : (Viewport*)0;
}

RenderPath* Renderer::GetDefaultRenderPath() const
{
    return defaultRenderPath_;
}

unsigned Renderer::GetNumGeometries(bool allViews) const
{
    unsigned numGeometries = 0;
    unsigned lastView = allViews ? numViews_ : 1;
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < lastView; ++i)
        numGeometries += views_[i]->GetGeometries().Size();
    
    return numGeometries;
}

unsigned Renderer::GetNumLights(bool allViews) const
{
    unsigned numLights = 0;
    unsigned lastView = allViews ? numViews_ : 1;
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < lastView; ++i)
        numLights += views_[i]->GetLights().Size();
    
    return numLights;
}

unsigned Renderer::GetNumShadowMaps(bool allViews) const
{
    unsigned numShadowMaps = 0;
    unsigned lastView = allViews ? numViews_ : 1;
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < lastView; ++i)
    {
        const Vector<LightBatchQueue>& lightQueues = views_[i]->GetLightQueues();
        
        for (Vector<LightBatchQueue>::ConstIterator i = lightQueues.Begin(); i != lightQueues.End(); ++i)
        {
            if (i->shadowMap_)
                ++numShadowMaps;
        }
    }
    
    return numShadowMaps;
}

unsigned Renderer::GetNumOccluders(bool allViews) const
{
    unsigned numOccluders = 0;
    unsigned lastView = allViews ? numViews_ : 1;
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < lastView; ++i)
        numOccluders += views_[i]->GetOccluders().Size();
    
    return numOccluders;
}


ShaderVariation* Renderer::GetShader(ShaderType type, const String& name, const String& defines) const
{
    return GetShader(type, name.CString(), defines.CString());
}

ShaderVariation* Renderer::GetShader(ShaderType type, const char* name, const char* defines) const
{
    if (lastShaderName_ != name || !lastShader_)
    {
        ResourceCache* cache = GetSubsystem<ResourceCache>();
        String fullShaderName = shaderPath_ + name + shaderExtension_;
        // Try to reduce repeated error log prints because of missing shaders
        if (lastShaderName_ == name && !cache->Exists(fullShaderName))
            return 0;
        
        lastShader_ = cache->GetResource<Shader>(fullShaderName);
        lastShaderName_ = name;
    }
    
    return lastShader_ ? lastShader_->GetVariation(type, defines) : (ShaderVariation*)0;
}

void Renderer::Update(float timeStep)
{
    PROFILE(UpdateViews);
    
    numViews_ = 0;
    
    // If device lost, do not perform update. This is because any dynamic vertex/index buffer updates happen already here,
    // and if the device is lost, the updates queue up, causing memory use to rise constantly
    if (!graphics_ || !graphics_->IsInitialized() || graphics_->IsDeviceLost())
        return;
    
    // Set up the frameinfo structure for this frame
    frame_.frameNumber_ = GetSubsystem<Time>()->GetFrameNumber();
    frame_.timeStep_ = timeStep;
    frame_.camera_ = 0;
    numShadowCameras_ = 0;
    numOcclusionBuffers_ = 0;
    updatedOctrees_.Clear();
    
    // Reload shaders now if needed
    if (shadersDirty_)
        LoadShaders();
    
    // Queue update of the main viewports. Use reverse order, as rendering order is also reverse
    // to render auxiliary views before dependant main views
    for (unsigned i = viewports_.Size() - 1; i < viewports_.Size(); --i)
        QueueViewport(0, viewports_[i]);
    
    // Gather other render surfaces that are autoupdated
    SendEvent(E_RENDERSURFACEUPDATE);
    
    // Process gathered views. This may queue further views (render surfaces that are only updated when visible)
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < queuedViews_.Size(); ++i)
    {
        WeakPtr<RenderSurface>& renderTarget = queuedViews_[i].first_;
        WeakPtr<Viewport>& viewport = queuedViews_[i].second_;
        
        // Null pointer means backbuffer view. Differentiate between that and an expired rendersurface
        if ((renderTarget.NotNull() && renderTarget.Expired()) || viewport.Expired())
            continue;
        
        // Allocate new view if necessary
        if (numViews_ == views_.Size())
            views_.Push(SharedPtr<View>(new View(context_)));
        
        // Check if view can be defined successfully (has valid scene, camera and octree)
        assert(numViews_ < views_.Size());
        View* view = views_[numViews_];
        if (!view->Define(renderTarget, viewport))
            continue;
        
        ++numViews_;
        
        const IntRect& viewRect = viewport->GetRect();
        Scene* scene = viewport->GetScene();
        Octree* octree = scene->GetComponent<Octree>();
        
        // Update octree (perform early update for drawables which need that, and reinsert moved drawables.)
        // However, if the same scene is viewed from multiple cameras, update the octree only once
        if (!updatedOctrees_.Contains(octree))
        {
            frame_.camera_ = viewport->GetCamera();
            frame_.viewSize_ = viewRect.Size();
            if (frame_.viewSize_ == IntVector2::ZERO)
                frame_.viewSize_ = IntVector2(graphics_->GetWidth(), graphics_->GetHeight());
            octree->Update(frame_);
            updatedOctrees_.Insert(octree);
            
            // Set also the view for the debug renderer already here, so that it can use culling
            /// \todo May result in incorrect debug geometry culling if the same scene is drawn from multiple viewports
            DebugRenderer* debug = scene->GetComponent<DebugRenderer>();
            if (debug)
                debug->SetView(viewport->GetCamera());
        }
        
        // Update view. This may queue further views
        using namespace BeginViewUpdate;
        
        VariantMap& eventData = GetEventDataMap();
        eventData[P_SURFACE] = (void*)renderTarget.Get();
        eventData[P_TEXTURE] = (void*)(renderTarget ? renderTarget->GetParentTexture() : 0);
        eventData[P_SCENE] = (void*)scene;
        eventData[P_CAMERA] = (void*)viewport->GetCamera();
        SendEvent(E_BEGINVIEWUPDATE, eventData);
        
        ResetShadowMapAllocations(); // Each view can reuse the same shadow maps
        view->Update(frame_);
        
        SendEvent(E_ENDVIEWUPDATE, eventData);
    }
    
    // Reset update flag from queued render surfaces. At this point no new views can be added on this frame
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < queuedViews_.Size(); ++i)
    {
        WeakPtr<RenderSurface>& renderTarget = queuedViews_[i].first_;
        if (renderTarget)
            renderTarget->WasUpdated();
    }
    
    queuedViews_.Clear();
}

void Renderer::Render()
{
    // Engine does not render when window is closed or device is lost
    assert(graphics_ && graphics_->IsInitialized() && !graphics_->IsDeviceLost());
    
    PROFILE(RenderViews);
    
    // If the indirection textures have lost content (OpenGL mode only), restore them now
    if (faceSelectCubeMap_ && faceSelectCubeMap_->IsDataLost())
        SetIndirectionTextureData();
    
    graphics_->SetDefaultTextureFilterMode(textureFilterMode_);
    graphics_->SetTextureAnisotropy(textureAnisotropy_);
    graphics_->ClearParameterSources();
    
    // If no views, just clear the screen
    if (!numViews_)
    {
        graphics_->SetBlendMode(BLEND_REPLACE);
        graphics_->SetColorWrite(true);
        graphics_->SetDepthWrite(true);
        graphics_->SetScissorTest(false);
        graphics_->SetStencilTest(false);
        graphics_->ResetRenderTargets();
        graphics_->Clear(CLEAR_COLOR | CLEAR_DEPTH | CLEAR_STENCIL, defaultZone_->GetFogColor());
        
        numPrimitives_ = 0;
        numBatches_ = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        // Render views from last to first (each main view is rendered after the auxiliary views it depends on)
        for (unsigned i = numViews_ - 1; i < numViews_; --i)
        {
            using namespace BeginViewRender;
            
            RenderSurface* renderTarget = views_[i]->GetRenderTarget();
            
            VariantMap& eventData = GetEventDataMap();
            eventData[P_SURFACE] = (void*)renderTarget;
            eventData[P_TEXTURE] = (void*)(renderTarget ? renderTarget->GetParentTexture() : 0);
            eventData[P_SCENE] = (void*)views_[i]->GetScene();
            eventData[P_CAMERA] = (void*)views_[i]->GetCamera();
            SendEvent(E_BEGINVIEWRENDER, eventData);
            
            // Screen buffers can be reused between views, as each is rendered completely
            PrepareViewRender();
            views_[i]->Render();
            
            SendEvent(E_ENDVIEWRENDER, eventData);
        }
        
        // Copy the number of batches & primitives from Graphics so that we can account for 3D geometry only
        numPrimitives_ = graphics_->GetNumPrimitives();
        numBatches_ = graphics_->GetNumBatches();
    }
    
    // Remove unused occlusion buffers and renderbuffers
    RemoveUnusedBuffers();
}

void Renderer::DrawDebugGeometry(bool depthTest)
{
    PROFILE(RendererDrawDebug);
    
    /// \todo Because debug geometry is per-scene, if two cameras show views of the same area, occlusion is not shown correctly
    HashSet<Drawable*> processedGeometries;
    HashSet<Light*> processedLights;
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < numViews_; ++i)
    {
        // Make sure it's a main view, and process each node only once
        View* view = views_[i];
        if (view->GetRenderTarget())
            continue;
        Octree* octree = view->GetOctree();
        if (!octree)
            continue;
        DebugRenderer* debug = octree->GetComponent<DebugRenderer>();
        if (!debug)
            continue;
        
        const PODVector<Drawable*>& geometries = view->GetGeometries();
        const PODVector<Light*>& lights = view->GetLights();
        
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < geometries.Size(); ++i)
        {
            if (!processedGeometries.Contains(geometries[i]))
            {
                geometries[i]->DrawDebugGeometry(debug, depthTest);
                processedGeometries.Insert(geometries[i]);
            }
        }
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < lights.Size(); ++i)
        {
            if (!processedLights.Contains(lights[i]))
            {
                lights[i]->DrawDebugGeometry(debug, depthTest);
                processedLights.Insert(lights[i]);
            }
        }
    }
}

void Renderer::QueueRenderSurface(RenderSurface* renderTarget)
{
    if (renderTarget)
    {
        unsigned numViewports = renderTarget->GetNumViewports();
        
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < numViewports; ++i)
            QueueViewport(renderTarget, renderTarget->GetViewport(i));
    }
}

void Renderer::QueueViewport(RenderSurface* renderTarget, Viewport* viewport)
{
    if (viewport)
    {
        queuedViews_.Push(Pair<WeakPtr<RenderSurface>, WeakPtr<Viewport> >(WeakPtr<RenderSurface>(renderTarget),
            WeakPtr<Viewport>(viewport)));
    }
}

Geometry* Renderer::GetLightGeometry(Light* light)
{
    switch (light->GetLightType())
    {
    case LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL:
        return dirLightGeometry_;
    case LIGHT_SPOT:
        return spotLightGeometry_;
    case LIGHT_POINT:
        return pointLightGeometry_;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

Texture2D* Renderer::GetShadowMap(Light* light, Camera* camera, unsigned viewWidth, unsigned viewHeight)
{
    LightType type = light->GetLightType();
    const FocusParameters& parameters = light->GetShadowFocus();
    float size = (float)shadowMapSize_ * light->GetShadowResolution();
    // Automatically reduce shadow map size when far away
    if (parameters.autoSize_ && type != LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL)
    {
        const Matrix3x4& view = camera->GetView();
        const Matrix4& projection = camera->GetProjection();
        BoundingBox lightBox;
        float lightPixels;
        
        if (type == LIGHT_POINT)
        {
            // Calculate point light pixel size from the projection of its diagonal
            Vector3 center = view * light->GetNode()->GetWorldPosition();
            float extent = 0.58f * light->GetRange();
            lightBox.Define(center + Vector3(extent, extent, extent), center - Vector3(extent, extent, extent));
        }
        else
        {
            // Calculate spot light pixel size from the projection of its frustum far vertices
            Frustum lightFrustum = light->GetFrustum().Transformed(view);
            lightBox.Define(&lightFrustum.vertices_[4], 4);
        }
        
        Vector2 projectionSize = lightBox.Projected(projection).Size();
        lightPixels = Max(0.5f * (float)viewWidth * projectionSize.x_, 0.5f * (float)viewHeight * projectionSize.y_);
        
        // Clamp pixel amount to a sufficient minimum to avoid self-shadowing artifacts due to loss of precision
        if (lightPixels < SHADOW_MIN_PIXELS)
            lightPixels = SHADOW_MIN_PIXELS;
        
        size = Min(size, lightPixels);
    }
    
    /// \todo Allow to specify maximum shadow maps per resolution, as smaller shadow maps take less memory
    int width = NextPowerOfTwo((unsigned)size);
    int height = width;
    
    // Adjust the size for directional or point light shadow map atlases
    if (type == LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL)
    {
        if (maxShadowCascades_ > 1)
            width *= 2;
        if (maxShadowCascades_ > 2)
            height *= 2;
    }
    else if (type == LIGHT_POINT)
    {
        width *= 2;
        height *= 3;
    }
    
    int searchKey = (width << 16) | height;
    if (shadowMaps_.Contains(searchKey))
    {
        // If shadow maps are reused, always return the first
        if (reuseShadowMaps_)
            return shadowMaps_[searchKey][0];
        else
        {
            // If not reused, check allocation count and return existing shadow map if possible
            unsigned allocated = shadowMapAllocations_[searchKey].Size();
            if (allocated < shadowMaps_[searchKey].Size())
            {
                shadowMapAllocations_[searchKey].Push(light);
                return shadowMaps_[searchKey][allocated];
            }
            else if ((int)allocated >= maxShadowMaps_)
                return 0;
        }
    }
    
    unsigned shadowMapFormat = (shadowQuality_ & SHADOWQUALITY_LOW_24BIT) ? graphics_->GetHiresShadowMapFormat() :
        graphics_->GetShadowMapFormat();
    if (!shadowMapFormat)
        return 0;
    
    SharedPtr<Texture2D> newShadowMap(new Texture2D(context_));
    int retries = 3;
    
    // OpenGL: create shadow map only. Color rendertarget is not needed
    #ifdef USE_OPENGL
    while (retries)
    {
        if (!newShadowMap->SetSize(width, height, shadowMapFormat, TEXTURE_DEPTHSTENCIL))
        {
            width >>= 1;
            height >>= 1;
            --retries;
        }
        else
        {
            #ifndef GL_ES_VERSION_2_0
            newShadowMap->SetFilterMode(FILTER_BILINEAR);
            newShadowMap->SetShadowCompare(true);
            #endif
            break;
        }
    }
    #else
    // Direct3D9: create shadow map and dummy color rendertarget
    unsigned dummyColorFormat = graphics_->GetDummyColorFormat();
    
    while (retries)
    {
        if (!newShadowMap->SetSize(width, height, shadowMapFormat, TEXTURE_DEPTHSTENCIL))
        {
            width >>= 1;
            height >>= 1;
            --retries;
        }
        else
        {
            newShadowMap->SetFilterMode(FILTER_BILINEAR);
            // If no dummy color rendertarget for this size exists yet, create one now
            if (!colorShadowMaps_.Contains(searchKey))
            {
                colorShadowMaps_[searchKey] = new Texture2D(context_);
                colorShadowMaps_[searchKey]->SetSize(width, height, dummyColorFormat, TEXTURE_RENDERTARGET);
            }
            // Link the color rendertarget to the shadow map
            newShadowMap->GetRenderSurface()->SetLinkedRenderTarget(colorShadowMaps_[searchKey]->GetRenderSurface());
            break;
        }
    }
    #endif
    // If failed to set size, store a null pointer so that we will not retry
    if (!retries)
        newShadowMap.Reset();
    
    shadowMaps_[searchKey].Push(newShadowMap);
    if (!reuseShadowMaps_)
        shadowMapAllocations_[searchKey].Push(light);
    
    return newShadowMap;
}

Texture2D* Renderer::GetScreenBuffer(int width, int height, unsigned format, bool filtered, bool srgb, unsigned persistentKey)
{
    bool depthStencil = (format == Graphics::GetDepthStencilFormat());
    if (depthStencil)
    {
        filtered = false;
        srgb = false;
    }
    
    long long searchKey = ((long long)format << 32) | (width << 16) | height;
    if (filtered)
        searchKey |= 0x8000000000000000LL;
    if (srgb)
        searchKey |= 0x4000000000000000LL;
    
    // Add persistent key if defined
    if (persistentKey)
        searchKey += ((long long)persistentKey << 32);
    
    // If new size or format, initialize the allocation stats
    if (screenBuffers_.Find(searchKey) == screenBuffers_.End())
        screenBufferAllocations_[searchKey] = 0;
    
    // Reuse depth-stencil buffers whenever the size matches, instead of allocating new
    unsigned allocations = screenBufferAllocations_[searchKey];
    if(!depthStencil)
        ++screenBufferAllocations_[searchKey];
    
    if (allocations >= screenBuffers_[searchKey].Size())
    {
        SharedPtr<Texture2D> newBuffer(new Texture2D(context_));
        newBuffer->SetSRGB(srgb);
        newBuffer->SetSize(width, height, format, depthStencil ? TEXTURE_DEPTHSTENCIL : TEXTURE_RENDERTARGET);
        newBuffer->SetFilterMode(filtered ? FILTER_BILINEAR : FILTER_NEAREST);
        newBuffer->ResetUseTimer();
        screenBuffers_[searchKey].Push(newBuffer);
        #ifdef USE_OPENGL
        // OpenGL hack: clear persistent floating point screen buffers to ensure the initial contents aren't illegal (NaN)?
        // Otherwise eg. the AutoExposure post process will not work correctly
        if (persistentKey && Texture::GetDataType(format) == GL_FLOAT)
        {
            // Note: this loses current rendertarget assignment
            graphics_->ResetRenderTargets();
            graphics_->SetRenderTarget(0, newBuffer);
            graphics_->SetDepthStencil((RenderSurface*)0);
            graphics_->SetViewport(IntRect(0, 0, width, height));
            graphics_->Clear(CLEAR_COLOR);
        }
        #endif
        
        LOGDEBUG("Allocated new screen buffer size " + String(width) + "x" + String(height) + " format " + String(format));
        return newBuffer;
    }
    else
    {
        Texture2D* buffer = screenBuffers_[searchKey][allocations];
        buffer->ResetUseTimer();
        return buffer;
    }
}

RenderSurface* Renderer::GetDepthStencil(int width, int height)
{
    // Return the default depth-stencil surface if applicable
    // (when using OpenGL Graphics will allocate right size surfaces on demand to emulate Direct3D9)
    if (width == graphics_->GetWidth() && height == graphics_->GetHeight() && graphics_->GetMultiSample() <= 1)
        return 0;
    else
        return GetScreenBuffer(width, height, Graphics::GetDepthStencilFormat(), false, false)->GetRenderSurface();
}

OcclusionBuffer* Renderer::GetOcclusionBuffer(Camera* camera)
{
    assert(numOcclusionBuffers_ <= occlusionBuffers_.Size());
    if (numOcclusionBuffers_ == occlusionBuffers_.Size())
    {
        SharedPtr<OcclusionBuffer> newBuffer(new OcclusionBuffer(context_));
        occlusionBuffers_.Push(newBuffer);
    }
    
    int width = occlusionBufferSize_;
    int height = (int)((float)occlusionBufferSize_ / camera->GetAspectRatio() + 0.5f);
    
    OcclusionBuffer* buffer = occlusionBuffers_[numOcclusionBuffers_++];
    buffer->SetSize(width, height);
    buffer->SetView(camera);
    buffer->ResetUseTimer();
    
    return buffer;
}

Camera* Renderer::GetShadowCamera()
{
    MutexLock lock(rendererMutex_);
    
    assert(numShadowCameras_ <= shadowCameraNodes_.Size());
    if (numShadowCameras_ == shadowCameraNodes_.Size())
    {
        SharedPtr<Node> newNode(new Node(context_));
        newNode->CreateComponent<Camera>();
        shadowCameraNodes_.Push(newNode);
    }
    
    Camera* camera = shadowCameraNodes_[numShadowCameras_++]->GetComponent<Camera>();
    camera->SetOrthographic(false);
    camera->SetZoom(1.0f);
    
    return camera;
}

void Renderer::SetBatchShaders(Batch& batch, Technique* tech, bool allowShadows)
{
    // Check if shaders are unloaded or need reloading
    Pass* pass = batch.pass_;
    Vector<SharedPtr<ShaderVariation> >& vertexShaders = pass->GetVertexShaders();
    Vector<SharedPtr<ShaderVariation> >& pixelShaders = pass->GetPixelShaders();
    if (!vertexShaders.Size() || !pixelShaders.Size() || pass->GetShadersLoadedFrameNumber() !=
        shadersChangedFrameNumber_)
    {
        // First release all previous shaders, then load
        pass->ReleaseShaders();
        LoadPassShaders(tech, pass->GetType());
    }
    
    // Make sure shaders are loaded now
    if (vertexShaders.Size() && pixelShaders.Size())
    {
        bool heightFog = graphics_->GetSM3Support() && batch.zone_ && batch.zone_->GetHeightFog();
        
        // If instancing is not supported, but was requested, or the object is too large to be instanced,
        // choose static geometry vertex shader instead
        if (batch.geometryType_ == GEOM_INSTANCED && (!GetDynamicInstancing() || batch.geometry_->GetIndexCount() >
            (unsigned)maxInstanceTriangles_ * 3))
            batch.geometryType_ = GEOM_STATIC;
        
        if (batch.geometryType_ == GEOM_STATIC_NOINSTANCING)
            batch.geometryType_ = GEOM_STATIC;
        
        //  Check whether is a pixel lit forward pass. If not, there is only one pixel shader
        if (pass->GetLightingMode() == LIGHTING_PERPIXEL)
        {
            LightBatchQueue* lightQueue = batch.lightQueue_;
            if (!lightQueue)
            {
                // Do not log error, as it would result in a lot of spam
                batch.vertexShader_ = 0;
                batch.pixelShader_ = 0;
                return;
            }
            
            Light* light = lightQueue->light_;
            unsigned vsi = 0;
            unsigned psi = 0;
            vsi = batch.geometryType_ * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
            
            bool materialHasSpecular = batch.material_ ? batch.material_->GetSpecular() : true;
            if (specularLighting_ && light->GetSpecularIntensity() > 0.0f && materialHasSpecular)
            {
                vsi += LVS_SPEC;
                psi += LPS_SPEC;
            }
            if (allowShadows && lightQueue->shadowMap_)
            {
                vsi += LVS_SHADOW;
                psi += LPS_SHADOW;
            }
            
            switch (light->GetLightType())
            {
            case LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL:
                vsi += LVS_DIR;
                break;
                    
            case LIGHT_SPOT:
                psi += LPS_SPOT;
                vsi += LVS_SPOT;
                break;
                
            case LIGHT_POINT:
                if (light->GetShapeTexture())
                    psi += LPS_POINTMASK;
                else
                    psi += LPS_POINT;
                vsi += LVS_POINT;
                break;
            }
            
            if (heightFog)
            {
                vsi += MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
                psi += MAX_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS;
            }
            
            batch.vertexShader_ = vertexShaders[vsi];
            batch.pixelShader_ = pixelShaders[psi];
        }
        else
        {
            // Check if pass has vertex lighting support
            if (pass->GetLightingMode() == LIGHTING_PERVERTEX)
            {
                unsigned numVertexLights = 0;
                if (batch.lightQueue_)
                    numVertexLights = batch.lightQueue_->vertexLights_.Size();
                
                unsigned vsi = batch.geometryType_ * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS + numVertexLights;
                if (heightFog)
                    vsi += MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
                
                batch.vertexShader_ = vertexShaders[vsi];
            }
            else
            {
                unsigned vsi = batch.geometryType_;
                if (heightFog)
                    vsi += MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES;
                
                batch.vertexShader_ = vertexShaders[vsi];
            }
            
            batch.pixelShader_ = pixelShaders[heightFog ? 1 : 0];
        }
    }
    
    // Log error if shaders could not be assigned, but only once per technique
    if (!batch.vertexShader_ || !batch.pixelShader_)
    {
        if (!shaderErrorDisplayed_.Contains(tech))
        {
            shaderErrorDisplayed_.Insert(tech);
            LOGERROR("Technique " + tech->GetName() + " has missing shaders");
        }
    }
}

void Renderer::SetLightVolumeBatchShaders(Batch& batch, const String& vsName, const String& psName)
{
    assert(deferredLightPSVariations_.Size());
    
    unsigned vsi = DLVS_NONE;
    unsigned psi = DLPS_NONE;
    Light* light = batch.lightQueue_->light_;
    
    switch (light->GetLightType())
    {
    case LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL:
        vsi += DLVS_DIR;
        break;
        
    case LIGHT_SPOT:
        psi += DLPS_SPOT;
        break;
        
    case LIGHT_POINT:
        if (light->GetShapeTexture())
            psi += DLPS_POINTMASK;
        else
            psi += DLPS_POINT;
        break;
    }
    
    if (batch.lightQueue_->shadowMap_)
        psi += DLPS_SHADOW;
    
    if (specularLighting_ && light->GetSpecularIntensity() > 0.0f)
        psi += DLPS_SPEC;
    
    if (batch.camera_->IsOrthographic())
    {
        vsi += DLVS_ORTHO;
        psi += DLPS_ORTHO;
    }
    
    batch.vertexShader_ = GetShader(VS, vsName, deferredLightVSVariations[vsi]);
    batch.pixelShader_ = GetShader(PS, psName, deferredLightPSVariations_[psi]);
}

void Renderer::SetCullMode(CullMode mode, Camera* camera)
{
    // If a camera is specified, check whether it reverses culling due to vertical flipping or reflection
    if (camera && camera->GetReverseCulling())
    {
        if (mode == CULL_CW)
            mode = CULL_CCW;
        else if (mode == CULL_CCW)
            mode = CULL_CW;
    }
    
    graphics_->SetCullMode(mode);
}

bool Renderer::ResizeInstancingBuffer(unsigned numInstances)
{
    if (!instancingBuffer_ || !dynamicInstancing_)
        return false;
    
    unsigned oldSize = instancingBuffer_->GetVertexCount();
    if (numInstances <= oldSize)
        return true;
    
    unsigned newSize = INSTANCING_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE;
    while (newSize < numInstances)
        newSize <<= 1;
    
    if (!instancingBuffer_->SetSize(newSize, INSTANCING_BUFFER_MASK, true))
    {
        LOGERROR("Failed to resize instancing buffer to " + String(newSize));
        // If failed, try to restore the old size
        instancingBuffer_->SetSize(oldSize, INSTANCING_BUFFER_MASK, true);
        return false;
    }
    
    LOGDEBUG("Resized instancing buffer to " + String(newSize));
    return true;
}

void Renderer::SaveScreenBufferAllocations()
{
    savedScreenBufferAllocations_ = screenBufferAllocations_;
}

void Renderer::RestoreScreenBufferAllocations()
{
    screenBufferAllocations_ = savedScreenBufferAllocations_;
}


void Renderer::OptimizeLightByScissor(Light* light, Camera* camera)
{
    if (light && light->GetLightType() != LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL)
        graphics_->SetScissorTest(true, GetLightScissor(light, camera));
    else
        graphics_->SetScissorTest(false);
}

void Renderer::OptimizeLightByStencil(Light* light, Camera* camera)
{
    #ifndef GL_ES_VERSION_2_0
    if (light)
    {
        LightType type = light->GetLightType();
        if (type == LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL)
        {
            graphics_->SetStencilTest(false);
            return;
        }
        
        Geometry* geometry = GetLightGeometry(light);
        const Matrix3x4& view = camera->GetView();
        const Matrix4& projection = camera->GetProjection();
        Vector3 cameraPos = camera->GetNode()->GetWorldPosition();
        float lightDist;
        
        if (type == LIGHT_POINT)
            lightDist = Sphere(light->GetNode()->GetWorldPosition(), light->GetRange() * 1.25f).Distance(cameraPos);
        else
            lightDist = light->GetFrustum().Distance(cameraPos);
        
        // If the camera is actually inside the light volume, do not draw to stencil as it would waste fillrate
        if (lightDist < M_EPSILON)
        {
            graphics_->SetStencilTest(false);
            return;
        }
        
        // If the stencil value has wrapped, clear the whole stencil first
        if (!lightStencilValue_)
        {
            graphics_->Clear(CLEAR_STENCIL);
            lightStencilValue_ = 1;
        }
        
        // If possible, render the stencil volume front faces. However, close to the near clip plane render back faces instead
        // to avoid clipping.
        if (lightDist < camera->GetNearClip() * 2.0f)
        {
            SetCullMode(CULL_CW, camera);
            graphics_->SetDepthTest(CMP_GREATER);
        }
        else
        {
            SetCullMode(CULL_CCW, camera);
            graphics_->SetDepthTest(CMP_LESSEQUAL);
        }
        
        graphics_->SetColorWrite(false);
        graphics_->SetDepthWrite(false);
        graphics_->SetStencilTest(true, CMP_ALWAYS, OP_REF, OP_KEEP, OP_KEEP, lightStencilValue_);
        graphics_->SetShaders(GetShader(VS, "Stencil"), GetShader(PS, "Stencil"));
        graphics_->SetShaderParameter(VSP_VIEWPROJ, projection * view);
        graphics_->SetShaderParameter(VSP_MODEL, light->GetVolumeTransform(camera));
        
        geometry->Draw(graphics_);
        
        graphics_->ClearTransformSources();
        graphics_->SetColorWrite(true);
        graphics_->SetStencilTest(true, CMP_EQUAL, OP_KEEP, OP_KEEP, OP_KEEP, lightStencilValue_);
        
        // Increase stencil value for next light
        ++lightStencilValue_;
    }
    else
        graphics_->SetStencilTest(false);
    #endif
}

const Rect& Renderer::GetLightScissor(Light* light, Camera* camera)
{
    Pair<Light*, Camera*> combination(light, camera);
    
    HashMap<Pair<Light*, Camera*>, Rect>::Iterator i = lightScissorCache_.Find(combination);
    if (i != lightScissorCache_.End())
        return i->second_;
    
    const Matrix3x4& view = camera->GetView();
    const Matrix4& projection = camera->GetProjection();
    
    assert(light->GetLightType() != LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL);
    if (light->GetLightType() == LIGHT_SPOT)
    {
        Frustum viewFrustum(light->GetFrustum().Transformed(view));
        return lightScissorCache_[combination] = viewFrustum.Projected(projection);
    }
    else // LIGHT_POINT
    {
        BoundingBox viewBox(light->GetWorldBoundingBox().Transformed(view));
        return lightScissorCache_[combination] = viewBox.Projected(projection);
    }
}

void Renderer::PrepareViewRender()
{
    ResetScreenBufferAllocations();
    lightScissorCache_.Clear();
    lightStencilValue_ = 1;
}

void Renderer::RemoveUnusedBuffers()
{
    for (unsigned i = occlusionBuffers_.Size() - 1; i < occlusionBuffers_.Size(); --i)
    {
        if (occlusionBuffers_[i]->GetUseTimer() > MAX_BUFFER_AGE)
        {
            LOGDEBUG("Removed unused occlusion buffer");
            occlusionBuffers_.Erase(i);
        }
    }
    
    for (HashMap<long long, Vector<SharedPtr<Texture2D> > >::Iterator i = screenBuffers_.Begin(); i != screenBuffers_.End();)
    {
        HashMap<long long, Vector<SharedPtr<Texture2D> > >::Iterator current = i++;
        Vector<SharedPtr<Texture2D> >& buffers = current->second_;
        for (unsigned j = buffers.Size() - 1; j < buffers.Size(); --j)
        {
            Texture2D* buffer = buffers[j];
            if (buffer->GetUseTimer() > MAX_BUFFER_AGE)
            {
                LOGDEBUG("Removed unused screen buffer size " + String(buffer->GetWidth()) + "x" + String(buffer->GetHeight()) + " format " + String(buffer->GetFormat()));
                buffers.Erase(j);
            }
        }
        if (buffers.Empty())
        {
            screenBufferAllocations_.Erase(current->first_);
            screenBuffers_.Erase(current);
        }
    }
}

void Renderer::ResetShadowMapAllocations()
{
    for (HashMap<int, PODVector<Light*> >::Iterator i = shadowMapAllocations_.Begin(); i != shadowMapAllocations_.End(); ++i)
        i->second_.Clear();
}

void Renderer::ResetScreenBufferAllocations()
{
    for (HashMap<long long, unsigned>::Iterator i = screenBufferAllocations_.Begin(); i != screenBufferAllocations_.End(); ++i)
        i->second_ = 0;
}

void Renderer::Initialize()
{
    Graphics* graphics = GetSubsystem<Graphics>();
    ResourceCache* cache = GetSubsystem<ResourceCache>();
    
    if (!graphics || !graphics->IsInitialized() || !cache)
        return;
    
    PROFILE(InitRenderer);
    
    graphics_ = graphics;
    
    if (!graphics_->GetShadowMapFormat())
        drawShadows_ = false;
    
    defaultLightRamp_ = cache->GetResource<Texture2D>("Textures/Ramp.png");
    defaultLightSpot_ = cache->GetResource<Texture2D>("Textures/Spot.png");
    defaultMaterial_ = cache->GetResource<Material>("Materials/Default.xml");
    
    // If default material not found, create one. This will actually not render properly, but prevents crashing
    if (!defaultMaterial_)
        defaultMaterial_ = new Material(context_);
    
    defaultRenderPath_ = new RenderPath();
    defaultRenderPath_->Load(cache->GetResource<XMLFile>("RenderPaths/Forward.xml"));
    
    CreateGeometries();
    CreateInstancingBuffer();
    
    viewports_.Resize(1);
    ResetViews();
    ResetShadowMaps();
    ResetBuffers();
    
    shadersDirty_ = true;
    initialized_ = true;
    
    SubscribeToEvent(E_RENDERUPDATE, HANDLER(Renderer, HandleRenderUpdate));

    LOGINFO("Initialized renderer");
}

void Renderer::ResetViews()
{
    views_.Clear();
    numViews_ = 0;
}

void Renderer::LoadShaders()
{
    LOGDEBUG("Reloading shaders");
    
    // Release old material shaders, mark them for reload
    ReleaseMaterialShaders();
    shadersChangedFrameNumber_ = GetSubsystem<Time>()->GetFrameNumber();
    
    // Construct new names for deferred light volume pixel shaders based on rendering options
    deferredLightPSVariations_.Resize(MAX_DEFERRED_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS);
    unsigned shadows = (graphics_->GetHardwareShadowSupport() ? 1 : 0) | (shadowQuality_ & SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_16BIT);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < MAX_DEFERRED_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS; ++i)
    {
        deferredLightPSVariations_[i] = lightPSVariations[i % DLPS_ORTHO];
        if (i & DLPS_SHADOW)
            deferredLightPSVariations_[i] += shadowVariations[shadows];
        if (i & DLPS_ORTHO)
            deferredLightPSVariations_[i] += "ORTHO";
    }
    
    shadersDirty_ = false;
}

void Renderer::LoadPassShaders(Technique* tech, StringHash type)
{
    Pass* pass = tech->GetPass(type);
    if (!pass)
        return;
    
    PROFILE(LoadPassShaders);
    
    unsigned shadows = (graphics_->GetHardwareShadowSupport() ? 1 : 0) | (shadowQuality_ & SHADOWQUALITY_HIGH_16BIT);
    
    Vector<SharedPtr<ShaderVariation> >& vertexShaders = pass->GetVertexShaders();
    Vector<SharedPtr<ShaderVariation> >& pixelShaders = pass->GetPixelShaders();
    
    // Forget all the old shaders
    vertexShaders.Clear();
    pixelShaders.Clear();
    
    if (pass->GetLightingMode() == LIGHTING_PERPIXEL)
    {
        // Load forward pixel lit variations
        vertexShaders.Resize(MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS * 2);
        pixelShaders.Resize(MAX_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS * 2);
        
        for (unsigned j = 0; j < MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS * 2; ++j)
        {
            unsigned k = j % (MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS);
            unsigned h = j / (MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS);
            unsigned g = k / MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
            unsigned l = k % MAX_LIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
            
            vertexShaders[j] = GetShader(VS, pass->GetVertexShader(), pass->GetVertexShaderDefines() + " " +
                lightVSVariations[l] + geometryVSVariations[g] + heightFogVariations[h]);
        }
        for (unsigned j = 0; j < MAX_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS * 2; ++j)
        {
            unsigned k = j % MAX_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS;
            unsigned h = j / MAX_LIGHT_PS_VARIATIONS;
            if (k & LPS_SHADOW)
            {
                pixelShaders[j] = GetShader(PS, pass->GetPixelShader(), pass->GetPixelShaderDefines() + " " +
                    lightPSVariations[k] + shadowVariations[shadows] + heightFogVariations[h]);
            }
            else
                pixelShaders[j] = GetShader(PS, pass->GetPixelShader(), pass->GetPixelShaderDefines() + " " +
                    lightPSVariations[k] + heightFogVariations[h]);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Load vertex light variations
        if (pass->GetLightingMode() == LIGHTING_PERVERTEX)
        {
            vertexShaders.Resize(MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS * 2);
            for (unsigned j = 0; j < MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS * 2; ++j)
            {
                unsigned k = j % (MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS);
                unsigned h = j / (MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS);
                unsigned g = k / MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
                unsigned l = k % MAX_VERTEXLIGHT_VS_VARIATIONS;
                vertexShaders[j] = GetShader(VS, pass->GetVertexShader(), pass->GetVertexShaderDefines() + " " +
                    vertexLightVSVariations[l] + geometryVSVariations[g] + heightFogVariations[h]);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            vertexShaders.Resize(MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * 2);
            for (unsigned j = 0; j < MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES * 2; ++j)
            {
                unsigned k = j % MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES;
                unsigned h = j / MAX_GEOMETRYTYPES;
                vertexShaders[j] = GetShader(VS, pass->GetVertexShader(), pass->GetVertexShaderDefines() + " " +
                    geometryVSVariations[k] + heightFogVariations[h]);
            }
        }
        
        pixelShaders.Resize(2);
        for (unsigned j = 0; j < 2; ++j)
        {
            pixelShaders[j] = GetShader(PS, pass->GetPixelShader(), pass->GetPixelShaderDefines() + " " +
                heightFogVariations[j]);
        }
    }
    
    pass->MarkShadersLoaded(shadersChangedFrameNumber_);
}

void Renderer::ReleaseMaterialShaders()
{
    ResourceCache* cache = GetSubsystem<ResourceCache>();
    PODVector<Material*> materials;
    
    cache->GetResources<Material>(materials);
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < materials.Size(); ++i)
        materials[i]->ReleaseShaders();
}

void Renderer::ReloadTextures()
{
    ResourceCache* cache = GetSubsystem<ResourceCache>();
    PODVector<Resource*> textures;
    
    cache->GetResources(textures, Texture2D::GetTypeStatic());
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < textures.Size(); ++i)
        cache->ReloadResource(textures[i]);
    
    cache->GetResources(textures, TextureCube::GetTypeStatic());
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < textures.Size(); ++i)
        cache->ReloadResource(textures[i]);
}

void Renderer::CreateGeometries()
{
    SharedPtr<VertexBuffer> dlvb(new VertexBuffer(context_));
    dlvb->SetShadowed(true);
    dlvb->SetSize(4, MASK_POSITION);
    dlvb->SetData(dirLightVertexData);
    
    SharedPtr<IndexBuffer> dlib(new IndexBuffer(context_));
    dlib->SetShadowed(true);
    dlib->SetSize(6, false);
    dlib->SetData(dirLightIndexData);
    
    dirLightGeometry_ = new Geometry(context_);
    dirLightGeometry_->SetVertexBuffer(0, dlvb);
    dirLightGeometry_->SetIndexBuffer(dlib);
    dirLightGeometry_->SetDrawRange(TRIANGLE_LIST, 0, dlib->GetIndexCount());
    
    SharedPtr<VertexBuffer> slvb(new VertexBuffer(context_));
    slvb->SetShadowed(true);
    slvb->SetSize(8, MASK_POSITION);
    slvb->SetData(spotLightVertexData);
    
    SharedPtr<IndexBuffer> slib(new IndexBuffer(context_));
    slib->SetShadowed(true);
    slib->SetSize(36, false);
    slib->SetData(spotLightIndexData);
    
    spotLightGeometry_ = new Geometry(context_);
    spotLightGeometry_->SetVertexBuffer(0, slvb);
    spotLightGeometry_->SetIndexBuffer(slib);
    spotLightGeometry_->SetDrawRange(TRIANGLE_LIST, 0, slib->GetIndexCount());
    
    SharedPtr<VertexBuffer> plvb(new VertexBuffer(context_));
    plvb->SetShadowed(true);
    plvb->SetSize(24, MASK_POSITION);
    plvb->SetData(pointLightVertexData);
    
    SharedPtr<IndexBuffer> plib(new IndexBuffer(context_));
    plib->SetShadowed(true);
    plib->SetSize(132, false);
    plib->SetData(pointLightIndexData);
    
    pointLightGeometry_ = new Geometry(context_);
    pointLightGeometry_->SetVertexBuffer(0, plvb);
    pointLightGeometry_->SetIndexBuffer(plib);
    pointLightGeometry_->SetDrawRange(TRIANGLE_LIST, 0, plib->GetIndexCount());
    
    #if !defined(USE_OPENGL) || !defined(GL_ES_VERSION_2_0)
    if (graphics_->GetShadowMapFormat())
    {
        faceSelectCubeMap_ = new TextureCube(context_);
        faceSelectCubeMap_->SetNumLevels(1);
        faceSelectCubeMap_->SetSize(1, graphics_->GetRGBAFormat());
        faceSelectCubeMap_->SetFilterMode(FILTER_NEAREST);
        
        indirectionCubeMap_ = new TextureCube(context_);
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetNumLevels(1);
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetSize(256, graphics_->GetRGBAFormat());
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetFilterMode(FILTER_BILINEAR);
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetAddressMode(COORD_U, ADDRESS_CLAMP);
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetAddressMode(COORD_V, ADDRESS_CLAMP);
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetAddressMode(COORD_W, ADDRESS_CLAMP);
        
        SetIndirectionTextureData();
    }
    #endif
}

void Renderer::SetIndirectionTextureData()
{
    unsigned char data[256 * 256 * 4];
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < MAX_CUBEMAP_FACES; ++i)
    {
        unsigned axis = i / 2;
        data[0] = (axis == 0) ? 255 : 0;
        data[1] = (axis == 1) ? 255 : 0;
        data[2] = (axis == 2) ? 255 : 0;
        data[3] = 0;
        faceSelectCubeMap_->SetData((CubeMapFace)i, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, data);
    }
    
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < MAX_CUBEMAP_FACES; ++i)
    {
        unsigned char faceX = (i & 1) * 255;
        unsigned char faceY = (i / 2) * 255 / 3;
        unsigned char* dest = data;
        for (unsigned y = 0; y < 256; ++y)
        {
            for (unsigned x = 0; x < 256; ++x)
            {
                #ifdef USE_OPENGL
                dest[0] = x;
                dest[1] = 255 - y;
                dest[2] = faceX;
                dest[3] = 255 * 2 / 3 - faceY;
                #else
                dest[0] = x;
                dest[1] = y;
                dest[2] = faceX;
                dest[3] = faceY;
                #endif
                dest += 4;
            }
        }
        
        indirectionCubeMap_->SetData((CubeMapFace)i, 0, 0, 0, 256, 256, data);
    }
    
    faceSelectCubeMap_->ClearDataLost();
    indirectionCubeMap_->ClearDataLost();
}

void Renderer::CreateInstancingBuffer()
{
    // Do not create buffer if instancing not supported
    if (!graphics_->GetInstancingSupport())
    {
        instancingBuffer_.Reset();
        dynamicInstancing_ = false;
        return;
    }
    
    // If must lock the buffer for each batch group, set a smaller size
    unsigned defaultSize = graphics_->GetStreamOffsetSupport() ? INSTANCING_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE : INSTANCING_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE / 4;
    
    instancingBuffer_ = new VertexBuffer(context_);
    if (!instancingBuffer_->SetSize(defaultSize, INSTANCING_BUFFER_MASK, true))
    {
        instancingBuffer_.Reset();
        dynamicInstancing_ = false;
    }
}

void Renderer::ResetShadowMaps()
{
    shadowMaps_.Clear();
    shadowMapAllocations_.Clear();
    colorShadowMaps_.Clear();
}

void Renderer::ResetBuffers()
{
    occlusionBuffers_.Clear();
    screenBuffers_.Clear();
    screenBufferAllocations_.Clear();
}

void Renderer::HandleScreenMode(StringHash eventType, VariantMap& eventData)
{
    if (!initialized_)
        Initialize();
    else
    {
        // When screen mode changes, purge old views
        ResetViews();
    }
}

void Renderer::HandleGraphicsFeatures(StringHash eventType, VariantMap& eventData)
{
    // Reinitialize if already initialized
    if (initialized_)
        Initialize();
}

void Renderer::HandleRenderUpdate(StringHash eventType, VariantMap& eventData)
{
    using namespace RenderUpdate;
    
    Update(eventData[P_TIMESTEP].GetFloat());
}

}