urho3d/Source/Urho3D/Math/Vector4.h

// Copyright (c) 2008-2023 the Urho3D project
// License: MIT

#pragma once

#include "../Math/Vector3.h"

namespace Urho3D
{

/// Four-dimensional vector.
class URHO3D_API Vector4
{
public:
    /// Construct a zero vector.
    Vector4() noexcept :
        x_(0.0f),
        y_(0.0f),
        z_(0.0f),
        w_(0.0f)
    {
    }

    /// Copy-construct from another vector.
    Vector4(const Vector4& vector) noexcept = default;

    /// Construct from a 3-dimensional vector and the W coordinate.
    Vector4(const Vector3& vector, float w) noexcept :
        x_(vector.x_),
        y_(vector.y_),
        z_(vector.z_),
        w_(w)
    {
    }

    /// Construct from coordinates.
    Vector4(float x, float y, float z, float w) noexcept :
        x_(x),
        y_(y),
        z_(z),
        w_(w)
    {
    }

    /// Construct from a float array.
    explicit Vector4(const float* data) noexcept :
        x_(data[0]),
        y_(data[1]),
        z_(data[2]),
        w_(data[3])
    {
    }

    /// Assign from another vector.
    Vector4& operator =(const Vector4& rhs) noexcept = default;

    /// Test for equality with another vector without epsilon.
    bool operator ==(const Vector4& rhs) const { return x_ == rhs.x_ && y_ == rhs.y_ && z_ == rhs.z_ && w_ == rhs.w_; }

    /// Test for inequality with another vector without epsilon.
    bool operator !=(const Vector4& rhs) const { return x_ != rhs.x_ || y_ != rhs.y_ || z_ != rhs.z_ || w_ != rhs.w_; }

    /// Add a vector.
    Vector4 operator +(const Vector4& rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ + rhs.x_, y_ + rhs.y_, z_ + rhs.z_, w_ + rhs.w_); }

    /// Return negation.
    Vector4 operator -() const { return Vector4(-x_, -y_, -z_, -w_); }

    /// Subtract a vector.
    Vector4 operator -(const Vector4& rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ - rhs.x_, y_ - rhs.y_, z_ - rhs.z_, w_ - rhs.w_); }

    /// Multiply with a scalar.
    Vector4 operator *(float rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ * rhs, y_ * rhs, z_ * rhs, w_ * rhs); }

    /// Multiply with a vector.
    Vector4 operator *(const Vector4& rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ * rhs.x_, y_ * rhs.y_, z_ * rhs.z_, w_ * rhs.w_); }

    /// Divide by a scalar.
    Vector4 operator /(float rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ / rhs, y_ / rhs, z_ / rhs, w_ / rhs); }

    /// Divide by a vector.
    Vector4 operator /(const Vector4& rhs) const { return Vector4(x_ / rhs.x_, y_ / rhs.y_, z_ / rhs.z_, w_ / rhs.w_); }

    /// Add-assign a vector.
    Vector4& operator +=(const Vector4& rhs)
    {
        x_ += rhs.x_;
        y_ += rhs.y_;
        z_ += rhs.z_;
        w_ += rhs.w_;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Subtract-assign a vector.
    Vector4& operator -=(const Vector4& rhs)
    {
        x_ -= rhs.x_;
        y_ -= rhs.y_;
        z_ -= rhs.z_;
        w_ -= rhs.w_;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Multiply-assign a scalar.
    Vector4& operator *=(float rhs)
    {
        x_ *= rhs;
        y_ *= rhs;
        z_ *= rhs;
        w_ *= rhs;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Multiply-assign a vector.
    Vector4& operator *=(const Vector4& rhs)
    {
        x_ *= rhs.x_;
        y_ *= rhs.y_;
        z_ *= rhs.z_;
        w_ *= rhs.w_;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Divide-assign a scalar.
    Vector4& operator /=(float rhs)
    {
        float invRhs = 1.0f / rhs;
        x_ *= invRhs;
        y_ *= invRhs;
        z_ *= invRhs;
        w_ *= invRhs;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Divide-assign a vector.
    Vector4& operator /=(const Vector4& rhs)
    {
        x_ /= rhs.x_;
        y_ /= rhs.y_;
        z_ /= rhs.z_;
        w_ /= rhs.w_;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Return const value by index.
    float operator[](i32 index) const { return (&x_)[index]; }

    /// Return mutable value by index.
    float& operator[](i32 index) { return (&x_)[index]; }

    /// Calculate dot product.
    float DotProduct(const Vector4& rhs) const { return x_ * rhs.x_ + y_ * rhs.y_ + z_ * rhs.z_ + w_ * rhs.w_; }

    /// Calculate absolute dot product.
    float AbsDotProduct(const Vector4& rhs) const
    {
        return Urho3D::Abs(x_ * rhs.x_) + Urho3D::Abs(y_ * rhs.y_) + Urho3D::Abs(z_ * rhs.z_) + Urho3D::Abs(w_ * rhs.w_);
    }

    /// Project vector onto axis.
    float ProjectOntoAxis(const Vector3& axis) const { return DotProduct(Vector4(axis.Normalized(), 0.0f)); }

    /// Return absolute vector.
    Vector4 Abs() const { return Vector4(Urho3D::Abs(x_), Urho3D::Abs(y_), Urho3D::Abs(z_), Urho3D::Abs(w_)); }

    /// Linear interpolation with another vector.
    Vector4 Lerp(const Vector4& rhs, float t) const { return *this * (1.0f - t) + rhs * t; }

    /// Test for equality with another vector with epsilon.
    bool Equals(const Vector4& rhs) const
    {
        return Urho3D::Equals(x_, rhs.x_) && Urho3D::Equals(y_, rhs.y_) && Urho3D::Equals(z_, rhs.z_) && Urho3D::Equals(w_, rhs.w_);
    }

    /// Return whether any component is NaN.
    bool IsNaN() const { return Urho3D::IsNaN(x_) || Urho3D::IsNaN(y_) || Urho3D::IsNaN(z_) || Urho3D::IsNaN(w_); }

    /// Return whether any component is Inf.
    bool IsInf() const { return Urho3D::IsInf(x_) || Urho3D::IsInf(y_) || Urho3D::IsInf(z_) || Urho3D::IsInf(w_); }

    /// Convert to Vector2.
    explicit operator Vector2() const { return { x_, y_ }; }

    /// Convert to Vector3.
    explicit operator Vector3() const { return { x_, y_, z_ }; }

    /// Return float data.
    const float* Data() const { return &x_; }

    /// Return as string.
    String ToString() const;

    /// Return hash value for HashSet & HashMap.
    hash32 ToHash() const
    {
        hash32 hash = 37;
        hash = 37 * hash + FloatToRawIntBits(x_);
        hash = 37 * hash + FloatToRawIntBits(y_);
        hash = 37 * hash + FloatToRawIntBits(z_);
        hash = 37 * hash + FloatToRawIntBits(w_);

        return hash;
    }

    /// X coordinate.
    float x_;
    /// Y coordinate.
    float y_;
    /// Z coordinate.
    float z_;
    /// W coordinate.
    float w_;

    /// Zero vector.
    static const Vector4 ZERO;
    /// (1,1,1) vector.
    static const Vector4 ONE;
};

/// Multiply Vector4 with a scalar.
inline Vector4 operator *(float lhs, const Vector4& rhs) { return rhs * lhs; }

/// Per-component linear interpolation between two 4-vectors.
inline Vector4 VectorLerp(const Vector4& lhs, const Vector4& rhs, const Vector4& t) { return lhs + (rhs - lhs) * t; }

/// Per-component min of two 4-vectors.
inline Vector4 VectorMin(const Vector4& lhs, const Vector4& rhs) { return Vector4(Min(lhs.x_, rhs.x_), Min(lhs.y_, rhs.y_), Min(lhs.z_, rhs.z_), Min(lhs.w_, rhs.w_)); }

/// Per-component max of two 4-vectors.
inline Vector4 VectorMax(const Vector4& lhs, const Vector4& rhs) { return Vector4(Max(lhs.x_, rhs.x_), Max(lhs.y_, rhs.y_), Max(lhs.z_, rhs.z_), Max(lhs.w_, rhs.w_)); }

/// Per-component floor of 4-vector.
inline Vector4 VectorFloor(const Vector4& vec) { return Vector4(Floor(vec.x_), Floor(vec.y_), Floor(vec.z_), Floor(vec.w_)); }

/// Per-component round of 4-vector.
inline Vector4 VectorRound(const Vector4& vec) { return Vector4(Round(vec.x_), Round(vec.y_), Round(vec.z_), Round(vec.w_)); }

/// Per-component ceil of 4-vector.
inline Vector4 VectorCeil(const Vector4& vec) { return Vector4(Ceil(vec.x_), Ceil(vec.y_), Ceil(vec.z_), Ceil(vec.w_)); }

}