csharp
/
MonoGame.XNASamples
mirror of https://github.com/SimonDarksideJ/XNAGameStudio.git


			
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</head><body><div id="mainSection"><div id="mainBody">

  <h1>Custom Model Importer Sample</h1>


    This sample shows you how to implement a custom model importer for the XNA Content Pipeline.
  
  <a id="ID2EK" name="ID2EK"> </a><h1 class="heading">Sample Overview</h1><div id="ID2EK" class="hxnx1">
    
    <p>This sample shows you how to implement a custom model importer for the XNA Content Pipeline. The sample importer is for the popular 3D model format OBJ. It is capable of importing many simple .obj files and their accompanying material (.mtl) files. However, the sample does not fully support all possible OBJ models.</p>
    <p>
      Any project that references the importer can use the importer. The importer can be selected automatically by file extension or manually through the Properties pane. See <a href="http://msdn2.microsoft.com/library/bb447743.aspx">Using a Custom Importer or Content Processor</a> for more information.
    </p>
  </div>

  <a id="ID2EX" name="ID2EX"> </a><h1 class="heading">How the Sample Works</h1><div id="ID2EX" class="hxnx1">
    

    <p>Before you dive into the code, you need to understand the .obj and .mtl file formats. The formats are well publicized online and somewhat human readable. This sample includes several test files in the Content directory. You may want to view the test files in a text editor before you continue.</p>

    <p>
      <b>Import</b> and <b>ImportMaterials</b> perform file level operations for importing the .obj and .mtl files. Since these files share a common structure, both of their import methods invoke <b>GetLineTokens</b> to iterate over the lines in the file and parse the lines into whitespace-delineated tokens. Each line acts like a method call; the model and materials are built imperatively. <b>ParseObjLine</b> and <b>ParseMtlLine</b> perform the file type-specific parsing. The file-specific line parsing methods use the first token on a line to select which operation to perform.
    </p>

    <p>
      Input handling is fairly involved in this sample, since each element of the scene must be updated when the
      camera position changes.  For <b>TileGrid</b> especially, you should update the camera properties only as necessary. Thus, you will minimize the number of calls to <b>DetermineVisibility</b>. With that in mind,
      the property <b>IsChanged</b> in the <b>Camera</b> class indicates whether the camera changed during the frame. This is how you know whether you need to update the visibility.
    </p>

    <p>
      <b>GetLineTokens</b> also performs one more interesting action. It sets the <b>FragmentIdentifier</b> for a given <b>ContentIdentity</b> to be the current line number. In the event the system throws an <b>InvalidContentException</b> error, <b>ContentIdentity</b> provides the file name and line number at which the error occurred. The <b>FragmentIdentifier</b> property is a string. Thus, it is possible to identify fragments by other means. For a given model, for example, an importer could easily report the name of the mesh that failed to be imported.
    </p>

    <a id="ID2EEC" name="ID2EEC"> </a><h2 class="subHeading">Importing Models</h2><div id="ID2EEC" class="hxnx2">
      

      <p>
        The easiest way to import model geometry is to use the <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.content.pipeline.graphics.meshbuilder.aspx">MeshBuilder</a> class. The XNA Framework documentation explains the <b>MeshBuilder</b> class in detail. For XNA models, vertices and indexes are stored at the <b>ModelMesh</b> level, but .obj files have a single shared pool of vertices at the <b>Model</b> level. In this sample, a new <b>MeshBuilder</b> is created for each group of faces that reference the shared pool. The entire vertex pool is added to each <b>MeshBuilder</b>. This occurs regardless if every vertex is referenced. Fortunately, the default <b>ModelProcessor</b> eliminates any unreferenced vertices when it optimizes the meshes.
      </p>

      <p>
        The model importer constructs a root <b>NodeContent</b> at build time. <b>NodeContent</b> becomes a <b>Model</b> object at run time. Also, each <b>MeshBuilder</b> produces a <b>MeshContent</b>. <b>MeshBuilder</b> becomes a <b>ModelMesh</b> and one or more <b>ModelMeshPart</b>s at run time.
      </p>

      <div class="alert"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><th>Note </th></tr><tr><td>
        This sample importer does not support scene or bone hierarchies. You can implement hierarchies by constructing a tree of <b>NodeContent</b>, <b>BoneContent</b>, and <b>MeshContent</b> objects.
      </td></tr></table></div>

    </div>

    <a id="ID2EXD" name="ID2EXD"> </a><h2 class="subHeading">Importing Materials</h2><div id="ID2EXD" class="hxnx2">
      
      <p>
        If you encounter an "mtllib" instruction in <b>ParseObjLine</b>, the system calls <b>ContentImporterContext.AddDependency</b> and <b>ImportMaterials</b>. <b>AddDependency</b> provides the Content Pipeline with metadata about the .obj file. This ensures that its accompanying .mtl files will be rebuilt if they change. The behavior of <b>ImportMaterials</b> is similar to <b>Import</b>. Instead of <b>MeshBuilder</b> objects, <b>ParseMtlLine</b> fills <b>BasicMaterialContent</b> objects, which, at run time, become <b>BasicEffect</b> instances.
      </p>
    </div>

  </div>


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