gui-cs.Terminal.Gui/Examples/UICatalog/Scenarios/GraphViewExample.cs

#nullable enable

using System.Text;

namespace UICatalog.Scenarios;

[ScenarioMetadata ("Graph View", "Demos the GraphView control.")]
[ScenarioCategory ("Controls")]
[ScenarioCategory ("Drawing")]
public class GraphViewExample : Scenario
{
    private readonly Thickness _thickness = new (1, 1, 1, 1);
    private TextView? _about;
    private int _currentGraph;
    private Action []? _graphs;
    private GraphView? _graphView;
    private CheckBox? _diagCheckBox;
    private CheckBox? _showBorderCheckBox;
    private ViewDiagnosticFlags _viewDiagnostics;

    public override void Main ()
    {
        Application.Init ();

        Window app = new ()
        {
            BorderStyle = LineStyle.None
        };

        _graphs =
        [
            SetupPeriodicTableScatterPlot,
            () => SetupLifeExpectancyBarGraph (true),
            () => SetupLifeExpectancyBarGraph (false),
            SetupPopulationPyramid,
            SetupLineGraph,
            SetupSineWave,
            SetupDisco,
            MultiBarGraph
        ];

        // MenuBar
        MenuBar menu = new ();

        // GraphView
        _graphView = new ()
        {
            X = 0,
            Y = Pos.Bottom (menu),
            Width = Dim.Percent (70),
            Height = Dim.Fill (1),
            BorderStyle = LineStyle.Single
        };
        _graphView.Border!.Thickness = _thickness;
        _graphView.Margin!.Thickness = _thickness;
        _graphView.Padding!.Thickness = _thickness;

        // About TextView
        FrameView frameRight = new ()
        {
            X = Pos.Right (_graphView),
            Y = Pos.Top (_graphView),
            Width = Dim.Fill (),
            Height = Dim.Height (_graphView),
            Title = "About"
        };

        _about = new ()
        {
            Width = Dim.Fill (),
            Height = Dim.Fill (),
            ReadOnly = true
        };
        frameRight.Add (_about);

        // StatusBar
        StatusBar statusBar = new (
                                   [
                                       new (Key.G.WithCtrl, "Next Graph", () => _graphs! [_currentGraph++ % _graphs.Length] ()),
                                       new (Key.PageUp, "Zoom In", () => Zoom (0.5f)),
                                       new (Key.PageDown, "Zoom Out", () => Zoom (2f))
                                   ]
                                  );

        Shortcut? diagShortcut = new ()
        {
            Key = Key.F10,
            CommandView = new CheckBox
            {
                Title = "Diagnostics",
                CanFocus = false
            }
        };
        
        statusBar.Add (diagShortcut);
        diagShortcut.Accepting += DiagShortcut_Accept;

        // Menu setup
        _showBorderCheckBox = new ()
        {
            Title = "_Enable Margin, Border, and Padding",
            CheckedState = CheckState.Checked
        };
        _showBorderCheckBox.CheckedStateChanged += (s, e) => ShowBorder ();

        _diagCheckBox = new ()
        {
            Title = "_Diagnostics",
            CheckedState = View.Diagnostics == (ViewDiagnosticFlags.Thickness | ViewDiagnosticFlags.Ruler)
                               ? CheckState.Checked
                               : CheckState.UnChecked
        };
        _diagCheckBox.CheckedStateChanged += (s, e) => ToggleDiagnostics ();

        menu.Add (
                  new MenuBarItem (
                                   "_File",
                                   [
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "Scatter _Plot",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 0] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "_V Bar Graph",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 1] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "_H Bar Graph",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 2] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "P_opulation Pyramid",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 3] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "_Line Graph",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 4] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "Sine _Wave",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 5] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "Silent _Disco",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 6] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "_Multi Bar Graph",
                                           Action = () => _graphs [_currentGraph = 7] ()
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "_Quit",
                                           Action = Quit
                                       }
                                   ]
                                  )
                 );

        menu.Add (
                  new MenuBarItem (
                                   "_View",
                                   [
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "Zoom _In",
                                           Action = () => Zoom (0.5f)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "Zoom _Out",
                                           Action = () => Zoom (2f)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "MarginLeft++",
                                           Action = () => Margin (true, true)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "MarginLeft--",
                                           Action = () => Margin (true, false)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "MarginBottom++",
                                           Action = () => Margin (false, true)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           Title = "MarginBottom--",
                                           Action = () => Margin (false, false)
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           CommandView = _showBorderCheckBox
                                       },
                                       new MenuItem
                                       {
                                           CommandView = _diagCheckBox
                                       }
                                   ]
                                  )
                 );

        // Add views in order of visual appearance
        app.Add (menu, _graphView, frameRight, statusBar);

        _graphs [_currentGraph++ % _graphs.Length] ();

        _viewDiagnostics = View.Diagnostics;
        Application.Run (app);
        View.Diagnostics = _viewDiagnostics;
        app.Dispose ();
        Application.Shutdown ();
    }

    private void DiagShortcut_Accept (object? sender, CommandEventArgs e)
    {
        ToggleDiagnostics ();

        if (sender is Shortcut shortcut && shortcut.CommandView is CheckBox checkBox)
        {
            checkBox.CheckedState = _diagCheckBox?.CheckedState ?? CheckState.UnChecked;
        }
    }

    private void ToggleDiagnostics ()
    {
        View.Diagnostics = _diagCheckBox?.CheckedState == CheckState.Checked
                               ? ViewDiagnosticFlags.Thickness | ViewDiagnosticFlags.Ruler
                               : ViewDiagnosticFlags.Off;
        Application.LayoutAndDraw ();
    }

    private void Margin (bool left, bool increase)
    {
        if (_graphView is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        if (left)
        {
            _graphView.MarginLeft = (uint)Math.Max (0, _graphView.MarginLeft + (increase ? 1 : -1));
        }
        else
        {
            _graphView.MarginBottom = (uint)Math.Max (0, _graphView.MarginBottom + (increase ? 1 : -1));
        }

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void MultiBarGraph ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = "Multi Bar";

        _about.Text = "Housing Expenditures by income thirds 1996-2003";

        Color fore = _graphView.GetAttributeForRole (VisualRole.Normal).Foreground == Color.Black
                         ? Color.White
                         : _graphView.GetAttributeForRole (VisualRole.Normal).Foreground;
        Attribute black = new (fore, Color.Black);
        Attribute cyan = new (Color.BrightCyan, Color.Black);
        Attribute magenta = new (Color.BrightMagenta, Color.Black);
        Attribute red = new (Color.BrightRed, Color.Black);

        _graphView.GraphColor = black;

        MultiBarSeries series = new (3, 1, 0.25f, [magenta, cyan, red]);

        Rune stiple = Glyphs.Stipple;

        series.AddBars ("'96", stiple, 5900, 9000, 14000);
        series.AddBars ("'97", stiple, 6100, 9200, 14800);
        series.AddBars ("'98", stiple, 6000, 9300, 14600);
        series.AddBars ("'99", stiple, 6100, 9400, 14950);
        series.AddBars ("'00", stiple, 6200, 9500, 15200);
        series.AddBars ("'01", stiple, 6250, 9900, 16000);
        series.AddBars ("'02", stiple, 6600, 11000, 16700);
        series.AddBars ("'03", stiple, 7000, 12000, 17000);

        _graphView.CellSize = new (0.25f, 1000);
        _graphView.Series.Add (series);
        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();

        _graphView.MarginLeft = 3;
        _graphView.MarginBottom = 1;

        _graphView.AxisY.LabelGetter = v => '$' + (v.Value / 1000f).ToString ("N0") + 'k';

        // Do not show x axis labels (bars draw their own labels)
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 0;
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 0;
        _graphView.AxisX.Minimum = 0;

        _graphView.AxisY.Minimum = 0;

        LegendAnnotation legend = new (new (_graphView.Viewport.Width - 20, 0, 20, 5));

        legend.AddEntry (
                         new (stiple, series.SubSeries.ElementAt (0).OverrideBarColor ?? black),
                         "Lower Third"
                        );

        legend.AddEntry (
                         new (stiple, series.SubSeries.ElementAt (1).OverrideBarColor ?? cyan),
                         "Middle Third"
                        );

        legend.AddEntry (
                         new (stiple, series.SubSeries.ElementAt (2).OverrideBarColor ?? red),
                         "Upper Third"
                        );
        _graphView.Annotations.Add (legend);
    }

    private void Quit () { Application.RequestStop (); }

    private void SetupDisco ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = "Graphic Equalizer";

        _about.Text = "This graph shows a graphic equalizer for an imaginary song";

        _graphView.GraphColor = new Attribute (Color.White, Color.Black);

        GraphCellToRender stiple = new ((Rune)'\u2593');

        Random r = new ();
        DiscoBarSeries series = new ();
        List<BarSeriesBar> bars = [];

        Func<bool> genSample = () =>
                               {
                                   bars.Clear ();

                                   // generate an imaginary sample
                                   for (var i = 0; i < 31; i++)
                                   {
                                       bars.Add (
                                                 new (null, stiple, r.Next (0, 100))
                                                );
                                   }

                                   _graphView?.SetNeedsDraw ();

                                   // while the equaliser is showing
                                   return _graphView is { } && _graphView.Series.Contains (series);
                               };

        Application.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (250), genSample);

        series.Bars = bars;

        _graphView.Series.Add (series);

        // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
        _graphView.CellSize = new (1, 10);
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 0; // No graph ticks
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 0; // no labels

        _graphView.AxisX.Visible = false;
        _graphView.AxisY.Visible = false;

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void SetupLifeExpectancyBarGraph (bool verticalBars)
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = $"Life Expectancy - {(verticalBars ? "Vertical" : "Horizontal")}";

        _about.Text = "This graph shows the life expectancy at birth of a range of countries";

        GraphCellToRender softStiple = new ((Rune)'\u2591');
        GraphCellToRender mediumStiple = new ((Rune)'\u2592');

        BarSeries barSeries = new ()
        {
            Bars =
            [
                new ("Switzerland", softStiple, 83.4f),
                new ("South Korea", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 83.3f),
                new ("Singapore", softStiple, 83.2f),
                new ("Spain", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 83.2f),
                new ("Cyprus", softStiple, 83.1f),
                new ("Australia", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 83),
                new ("Italy", softStiple, 83),
                new ("Norway", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 83),
                new ("Israel", softStiple, 82.6f),
                new ("France", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 82.5f),
                new ("Luxembourg", softStiple, 82.4f),
                new ("Sweden", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 82.4f),
                new ("Iceland", softStiple, 82.3f),
                new ("Canada", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 82.2f),
                new ("New Zealand", softStiple, 82),
                new ("Malta", !verticalBars ? mediumStiple : softStiple, 81.9f),
                new ("Ireland", softStiple, 81.8f)
            ]
        };

        _graphView.Series.Add (barSeries);

        if (verticalBars)
        {
            barSeries.Orientation = Orientation.Vertical;

            // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
            _graphView.CellSize = new (0.1f, 0.25f);

            // No axis marks since Bar will add it's own categorical marks
            _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 0f;
            _graphView.AxisX.Text = "Country";
            _graphView.AxisX.Minimum = 0;

            _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 1f;
            _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
            _graphView.AxisY.LabelGetter = v => v.Value.ToString ("N2");
            _graphView.AxisY.Minimum = 0;
            _graphView.AxisY.Text = "Age";

            // leave space for axis labels and title
            _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
            _graphView.MarginLeft = 6;

            // Start the graph at 80 years because that is where most of our data is
            _graphView.ScrollOffset = new (0, 80);
        }
        else
        {
            barSeries.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal;

            // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
            _graphView.CellSize = new (0.1f, 1f);

            // No axis marks since Bar will add it's own categorical marks
            _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 0f;
            _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
            _graphView.AxisY.Text = "Country";
            _graphView.AxisY.Minimum = 0;

            _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 1f;
            _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
            _graphView.AxisX.LabelGetter = v => v.Value.ToString ("N2");
            _graphView.AxisX.Text = "Age";
            _graphView.AxisX.Minimum = 0;

            // leave space for axis labels and title
            _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
            _graphView.MarginLeft = (uint)barSeries.Bars.Max (b => b.Text.Length) + 2;

            // Start the graph at 80 years because that is where most of our data is
            _graphView.ScrollOffset = new (80, 0);
        }

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void SetupLineGraph ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = "Line";

        _about.Text = "This graph shows random points";

        Attribute black = new (
                               _graphView.GetAttributeForRole (VisualRole.Normal).Foreground,
                               Color.Black,
                               _graphView.GetAttributeForRole (VisualRole.Normal).Style);
        Attribute cyan = new (Color.BrightCyan, Color.Black);
        Attribute magenta = new (Color.BrightMagenta, Color.Black);
        Attribute red = new (Color.BrightRed, Color.Black);

        _graphView.GraphColor = black;

        List<PointF> randomPoints = [];

        Random r = new ();

        for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            randomPoints.Add (new (r.Next (100), r.Next (100)));
        }

        ScatterSeries points = new () { Points = randomPoints };

        PathAnnotation line = new ()
        {
            LineColor = cyan,
            Points = randomPoints.OrderBy (p => p.X).ToList (),
            BeforeSeries = true
        };

        _graphView.Series.Add (points);
        _graphView.Annotations.Add (line);

        randomPoints = [];

        for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            randomPoints.Add (new (r.Next (100), r.Next (100)));
        }

        ScatterSeries points2 = new () { Points = randomPoints, Fill = new ((Rune)'x', red) };

        PathAnnotation line2 = new ()
        {
            LineColor = magenta,
            Points = randomPoints.OrderBy (p => p.X).ToList (),
            BeforeSeries = true
        };

        _graphView.Series.Add (points2);
        _graphView.Annotations.Add (line2);

        // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
        _graphView.CellSize = new (2, 5);

        // leave space for axis labels
        _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
        _graphView.MarginLeft = 3;

        // One axis tick/label per
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 20;
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
        _graphView.AxisX.Text = "X →";

        _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 20;
        _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
        _graphView.AxisY.Text = "↑Y";

        PointF max = line.Points.Union (line2.Points).OrderByDescending (p => p.Y).First ();

        _graphView.Annotations.Add (
                                    new TextAnnotation
                                    {
                                        Text = "(Max)",
                                        GraphPosition = new (
                                                             max.X + 2 * _graphView.CellSize.X,
                                                             max.Y
                                                            )
                                    }
                                   );

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void SetupPeriodicTableScatterPlot ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = "Scatter Plot";

        _about.Text =
            "This graph shows the atomic weight of each element in the periodic table.\nStarting with Hydrogen (atomic Number 1 with a weight of 1.007)";

        //AtomicNumber and AtomicMass of all elements in the periodic table
        _graphView.Series.Add (
                               new ScatterSeries
                               {
                                   Points =
                                   [
                                       new (1, 1.007f),
                                       new (2, 4.002f),
                                       new (3, 6.941f),
                                       new (4, 9.012f),
                                       new (5, 10.811f),
                                       new (6, 12.011f),
                                       new (7, 14.007f),
                                       new (8, 15.999f),
                                       new (9, 18.998f),
                                       new (10, 20.18f),
                                       new (11, 22.99f),
                                       new (12, 24.305f),
                                       new (13, 26.982f),
                                       new (14, 28.086f),
                                       new (15, 30.974f),
                                       new (16, 32.065f),
                                       new (17, 35.453f),
                                       new (18, 39.948f),
                                       new (19, 39.098f),
                                       new (20, 40.078f),
                                       new (21, 44.956f),
                                       new (22, 47.867f),
                                       new (23, 50.942f),
                                       new (24, 51.996f),
                                       new (25, 54.938f),
                                       new (26, 55.845f),
                                       new (27, 58.933f),
                                       new (28, 58.693f),
                                       new (29, 63.546f),
                                       new (30, 65.38f),
                                       new (31, 69.723f),
                                       new (32, 72.64f),
                                       new (33, 74.922f),
                                       new (34, 78.96f),
                                       new (35, 79.904f),
                                       new (36, 83.798f),
                                       new (37, 85.468f),
                                       new (38, 87.62f),
                                       new (39, 88.906f),
                                       new (40, 91.224f),
                                       new (41, 92.906f),
                                       new (42, 95.96f),
                                       new (43, 98f),
                                       new (44, 101.07f),
                                       new (45, 102.906f),
                                       new (46, 106.42f),
                                       new (47, 107.868f),
                                       new (48, 112.411f),
                                       new (49, 114.818f),
                                       new (50, 118.71f),
                                       new (51, 121.76f),
                                       new (52, 127.6f),
                                       new (53, 126.904f),
                                       new (54, 131.293f),
                                       new (55, 132.905f),
                                       new (56, 137.327f),
                                       new (57, 138.905f),
                                       new (58, 140.116f),
                                       new (59, 140.908f),
                                       new (60, 144.242f),
                                       new (61, 145),
                                       new (62, 150.36f),
                                       new (63, 151.964f),
                                       new (64, 157.25f),
                                       new (65, 158.925f),
                                       new (66, 162.5f),
                                       new (67, 164.93f),
                                       new (68, 167.259f),
                                       new (69, 168.934f),
                                       new (70, 173.054f),
                                       new (71, 174.967f),
                                       new (72, 178.49f),
                                       new (73, 180.948f),
                                       new (74, 183.84f),
                                       new (75, 186.207f),
                                       new (76, 190.23f),
                                       new (77, 192.217f),
                                       new (78, 195.084f),
                                       new (79, 196.967f),
                                       new (80, 200.59f),
                                       new (81, 204.383f),
                                       new (82, 207.2f),
                                       new (83, 208.98f),
                                       new (84, 210),
                                       new (85, 210),
                                       new (86, 222),
                                       new (87, 223),
                                       new (88, 226),
                                       new (89, 227),
                                       new (90, 232.038f),
                                       new (91, 231.036f),
                                       new (92, 238.029f),
                                       new (93, 237),
                                       new (94, 244),
                                       new (95, 243),
                                       new (96, 247),
                                       new (97, 247),
                                       new (98, 251),
                                       new (99, 252),
                                       new (100, 257),
                                       new (101, 258),
                                       new (102, 259),
                                       new (103, 262),
                                       new (104, 261),
                                       new (105, 262),
                                       new (106, 266),
                                       new (107, 264),
                                       new (108, 267),
                                       new (109, 268),
                                       new (113, 284),
                                       new (114, 289),
                                       new (115, 288),
                                       new (116, 292),
                                       new (117, 295),
                                       new (118, 294)
                                   ]
                               }
                              );

        // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
        _graphView.CellSize = new (1, 5);

        // leave space for axis labels
        _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
        _graphView.MarginLeft = 3;

        // One axis tick/label per 5 atomic numbers
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 5;
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
        _graphView.AxisX.Text = "Atomic Number";
        _graphView.AxisX.Minimum = 0;

        // One label every 5 atomic weight
        _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 5;
        _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 1;
        _graphView.AxisY.Minimum = 0;

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void SetupPopulationPyramid ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _about.Text = "This graph shows population of each age divided by gender";

        _graphView.Title = "Population Pyramid";

        _graphView.Reset ();

        // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
        _graphView.CellSize = new (100_000, 1);

        //center the x axis in middle of screen to show both sides
        _graphView.ScrollOffset = new (-3_000_000, 0);

        _graphView.AxisX.Text = "Number Of People";
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 500_000;
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 2;

        // use Abs to make negative axis labels positive
        _graphView.AxisX.LabelGetter = v => Math.Abs (v.Value / 1_000_000).ToString ("N2") + "M";

        // leave space for axis labels
        _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
        _graphView.MarginLeft = 1;

        // do not show axis titles (bars have their own categories)
        _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 0;
        _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 0;
        _graphView.AxisY.Minimum = 0;

        GraphCellToRender stiple = new (Glyphs.Stipple);

        // Bars in 2 directions

        // Males (negative to make the bars go left)
        BarSeries malesSeries = new ()
        {
            Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal,
            Bars =
            [
                new ("0-4", stiple, -2009363),
                new ("5-9", stiple, -2108550),
                new ("10-14", stiple, -2022370),
                new ("15-19", stiple, -1880611),
                new ("20-24", stiple, -2072674),
                new ("25-29", stiple, -2275138),
                new ("30-34", stiple, -2361054),
                new ("35-39", stiple, -2279836),
                new ("40-44", stiple, -2148253),
                new ("45-49", stiple, -2128343),
                new ("50-54", stiple, -2281421),
                new ("55-59", stiple, -2232388),
                new ("60-64", stiple, -1919839),
                new ("65-69", stiple, -1647391),
                new ("70-74", stiple, -1624635),
                new ("75-79", stiple, -1137438),
                new ("80-84", stiple, -766956),
                new ("85-89", stiple, -438663),
                new ("90-94", stiple, -169952),
                new ("95-99", stiple, -34524),
                new ("100+", stiple, -3016)
            ]
        };
        _graphView.Series.Add (malesSeries);

        // Females
        BarSeries femalesSeries = new ()
        {
            Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal,
            Bars =
            [
                new ("0-4", stiple, 1915127),
                new ("5-9", stiple, 2011016),
                new ("10-14", stiple, 1933970),
                new ("15-19", stiple, 1805522),
                new ("20-24", stiple, 2001966),
                new ("25-29", stiple, 2208929),
                new ("30-34", stiple, 2345774),
                new ("35-39", stiple, 2308360),
                new ("40-44", stiple, 2159877),
                new ("45-49", stiple, 2167778),
                new ("50-54", stiple, 2353119),
                new ("55-59", stiple, 2306537),
                new ("60-64", stiple, 1985177),
                new ("65-69", stiple, 1734370),
                new ("70-74", stiple, 1763853),
                new ("75-79", stiple, 1304709),
                new ("80-84", stiple, 969611),
                new ("85-89", stiple, 638892),
                new ("90-94", stiple, 320625),
                new ("95-99", stiple, 95559),
                new ("100+", stiple, 12818)
            ]
        };

        GraphCellToRender softStiple = new ((Rune)'\u2591');
        GraphCellToRender mediumStiple = new ((Rune)'\u2592');

        for (var i = 0; i < malesSeries.Bars.Count; i++)
        {
            malesSeries.Bars [i].Fill = i % 2 == 0 ? softStiple : mediumStiple;
            femalesSeries.Bars [i].Fill = i % 2 == 0 ? softStiple : mediumStiple;
        }

        _graphView.Series.Add (femalesSeries);

        _graphView.Annotations.Add (new TextAnnotation { Text = "M", ScreenPosition = new Point (0, 10) });

        _graphView.Annotations.Add (
                                    new TextAnnotation { Text = "F", ScreenPosition = new Point (_graphView.Viewport.Width - 1, 10) }
                                   );

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void SetupSineWave ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null || _about is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.Reset ();

        _graphView.Title = "Sine Wave";

        _about.Text = "This graph shows a sine wave";

        ScatterSeries points = new ();
        PathAnnotation line = new ();

        // Draw line first so it does not draw over top of points or axis labels
        line.BeforeSeries = true;

        // Generate line graph with 2,000 points
        for (float x = -500; x < 500; x += 0.5f)
        {
            points.Points.Add (new (x, (float)Math.Sin (x)));
            line.Points.Add (new (x, (float)Math.Sin (x)));
        }

        _graphView.Series.Add (points);
        _graphView.Annotations.Add (line);

        // How much graph space each cell of the console depicts
        _graphView.CellSize = new (0.1f, 0.1f);

        // leave space for axis labels
        _graphView.MarginBottom = 2;
        _graphView.MarginLeft = 3;

        // One axis tick/label per
        _graphView.AxisX.Increment = 0.5f;
        _graphView.AxisX.ShowLabelsEvery = 2;
        _graphView.AxisX.Text = "X →";
        _graphView.AxisX.LabelGetter = v => v.Value.ToString ("N2");

        _graphView.AxisY.Increment = 0.2f;
        _graphView.AxisY.ShowLabelsEvery = 2;
        _graphView.AxisY.Text = "↑Y";
        _graphView.AxisY.LabelGetter = v => v.Value.ToString ("N2");

        _graphView.ScrollOffset = new (-2.5f, -1);

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private void ShowBorder ()
    {
        if (_graphView is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        if (_showBorderCheckBox?.CheckedState == CheckState.Checked)
        {
            _graphView.BorderStyle = LineStyle.Single;
            _graphView.Border!.Thickness = _thickness;
            _graphView.Margin!.Thickness = _thickness;
            _graphView.Padding!.Thickness = _thickness;
        }
        else
        {
            _graphView.BorderStyle = LineStyle.None;
            _graphView.Margin!.Thickness = Thickness.Empty;
            _graphView.Padding!.Thickness = Thickness.Empty;
        }
    }

    private void Zoom (float factor)
    {
        if (_graphView is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        _graphView.CellSize = new (
                                   _graphView.CellSize.X * factor,
                                   _graphView.CellSize.Y * factor
                                  );

        _graphView.AxisX.Increment *= factor;
        _graphView.AxisY.Increment *= factor;

        _graphView.SetNeedsDraw ();
    }

    private sealed class DiscoBarSeries : BarSeries
    {
        private readonly Attribute _brightgreen;
        private readonly Attribute _brightred;
        private readonly Attribute _brightyellow;
        private readonly Attribute _green;
        private readonly Attribute _red;

        public DiscoBarSeries ()
        {
            _green = new (Color.BrightGreen, Color.Black);
            _brightgreen = new (Color.Green, Color.Black);
            _brightyellow = new (Color.BrightYellow, Color.Black);
            _red = new (Color.Red, Color.Black);
            _brightred = new (Color.BrightRed, Color.Black);
        }

        protected override void DrawBarLine (GraphView graph, Point start, Point end, BarSeriesBar beingDrawn)
        {
            int x = start.X;

            for (int y = end.Y; y <= start.Y; y++)
            {
                float height = graph.ScreenToGraphSpace (x, y).Y;

                Attribute attr = height switch
                                 {
                                     >= 85 => _red,
                                     >= 66 => _brightred,
                                     >= 45 => _brightyellow,
                                     >= 25 => _brightgreen,
                                     _ => _green
                                 };

                graph.SetAttribute (attr);
                graph.AddRune (x, y, beingDrawn.Fill.Rune);
            }
        }
    }
}