gui-cs.Terminal.Gui/UnitTests/Application/MainLoopTests.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Xunit;

// Alias Console to MockConsole so we don't accidentally use Console

namespace Terminal.Gui.ApplicationTests;
/// <summary>
/// Tests MainLoop using the FakeMainLoop.
/// </summary>
public class MainLoopTests {

	// See Also ConsoleDRivers/MainLoopDriverTests.cs for tests of the MainLoopDriver
	
	
	// Idle Handler tests
	[Fact]
	public void AddIdle_Adds_And_Removes ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		Func<bool> fnTrue = () => true;
		Func<bool> fnFalse = () => false;

		ml.AddIdle (fnTrue);
		ml.AddIdle (fnFalse);

		Assert.Equal (2, ml.IdleHandlers.Count);
		Assert.Equal (fnTrue, ml.IdleHandlers [0]);
		Assert.NotEqual (fnFalse, ml.IdleHandlers [0]);

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnTrue));
		Assert.Single (ml.IdleHandlers);

		// BUGBUG: This doesn't throw or indicate an error. Ideally RemoveIdle would either 
		// throw an exception in this case, or return an error.
		// No. Only need to return a boolean.
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fnTrue));

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnFalse));

		// BUGBUG: This doesn't throw an exception or indicate an error. Ideally RemoveIdle would either 
		// throw an exception in this case, or return an error.
		// No. Only need to return a boolean.
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fnFalse));

		// Add again, but with dupe
		ml.AddIdle (fnTrue);
		ml.AddIdle (fnTrue);

		Assert.Equal (2, ml.IdleHandlers.Count);
		Assert.Equal (fnTrue, ml.IdleHandlers [0]);
		Assert.True (ml.IdleHandlers [0] ());
		Assert.Equal (fnTrue, ml.IdleHandlers [1]);
		Assert.True (ml.IdleHandlers [1] ());

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnTrue));
		Assert.Single (ml.IdleHandlers);
		Assert.Equal (fnTrue, ml.IdleHandlers [0]);
		Assert.NotEqual (fnFalse, ml.IdleHandlers [0]);

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnTrue));
		Assert.Empty (ml.IdleHandlers);

		// BUGBUG: This doesn't throw an exception or indicate an error. Ideally RemoveIdle would either 
		// throw an exception in this case, or return an error.
		// No. Only need to return a boolean.
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fnTrue));
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddIdle_Function_GetsCalled_OnIteration ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fn);
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (1, functionCalled);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void RemoveIdle_Function_NotCalled ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			return true;
		};

		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (0, functionCalled);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddThenRemoveIdle_Function_NotCalled ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fn);
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (0, functionCalled);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddIdleTwice_Function_CalledTwice ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fn);
		ml.AddIdle (fn);
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (2, functionCalled);
		Assert.Equal (2, ml.IdleHandlers.Count);

		functionCalled = 0;
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));
		Assert.Single (ml.IdleHandlers);
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (1, functionCalled);

		functionCalled = 0;
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));
		Assert.Empty (ml.IdleHandlers);
		ml.RunIteration ();
		Assert.Equal (0, functionCalled);
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));
	}

	[Fact]
	public void False_Idle_Stops_It_Being_Called_Again ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn1 = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			if (functionCalled == 10) return false;
			return true;
		};

		// Force stop if 20 iterations
		var stopCount = 0;
		Func<bool> fnStop = () => {
			stopCount++;
			if (stopCount == 20) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fnStop);
		ml.AddIdle (fn1);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnStop));
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fn1));

		Assert.Equal (10, functionCalled);
		Assert.Equal (20, stopCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddIdle_Twice_Returns_False_Called_Twice ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn1 = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			return false;
		};

		// Force stop if 10 iterations
		var stopCount = 0;
		Func<bool> fnStop = () => {
			stopCount++;
			if (stopCount == 10) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fnStop);
		ml.AddIdle (fn1);
		ml.AddIdle (fn1);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fnStop));
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fn1));
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveIdle (fn1));

		Assert.Equal (2, functionCalled);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void Run_Runs_Idle_Stop_Stops_Idle ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());

		var functionCalled = 0;
		Func<bool> fn = () => {
			functionCalled++;
			if (functionCalled == 10) {
				ml.Stop ();
			}
			return true;
		};

		ml.AddIdle (fn);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveIdle (fn));

		Assert.Equal (10, functionCalled);
	}

	// Timeout Handler Tests
	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_Adds_Removes_NoFaults ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = 100;

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			return true;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback);

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));

		// BUGBUG: This should probably fault?
		// Must return a boolean.
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));
	}

	// Timeout Handler Tests
	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_EventFired ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = 100;

		var originTicks = DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks;

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			return true;
		};

		object sender = null;
		TimeoutEventArgs args = null;
		ml.TimeoutAdded += (s, e) => {
			sender = s;
			args = e;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback);

		Assert.Same (ml, sender);
		Assert.NotNull (args.Timeout);
		Assert.True (args.Ticks - originTicks >= 100 * TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond);

	}
	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_Run_Called ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = 100;

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));

		Assert.Equal (1, callbackCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public async Task AddTimer_Duplicate_Keys_Not_Allowed ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		const int ms = 100;
		object token1 = null, token2 = null;

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			if (callbackCount == 2) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		var task1 = new Task (() => token1 = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback));
		var task2 = new Task (() => token2 = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback));
		Assert.Null (token1);
		Assert.Null (token2);
		task1.Start ();
		task2.Start ();
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.NotNull (token1);
		Assert.NotNull (token2);
		await Task.WhenAll (task1, task2);
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token1));
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token2));

		Assert.Equal (2, callbackCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_In_Parallel_Wont_Throw ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		const int ms = 100;
		object token1 = null, token2 = null;

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			if (callbackCount == 2) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		Parallel.Invoke (
			() => token1 = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback),
			() => token2 = ml.AddTimeout (TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (ms), callback)
		);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.NotNull (token1);
		Assert.NotNull (token2);
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token1));
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token2));

		Assert.Equal (2, callbackCount);
	}

	class MillisecondTolerance : IEqualityComparer<TimeSpan> {
		int _tolerance = 0;
		public MillisecondTolerance (int tolerance) { _tolerance = tolerance; }
		public bool Equals (TimeSpan x, TimeSpan y) => Math.Abs (x.Milliseconds - y.Milliseconds) <= _tolerance;
		public int GetHashCode (TimeSpan obj) => obj.GetHashCode ();
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_Run_CalledAtApproximatelyRightTime ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);
		var watch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch ();

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			watch.Stop ();
			callbackCount++;
			ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (ms, callback);
		watch.Start ();
		ml.Run ();
		// +/- 100ms should be good enuf
		// https://github.com/xunit/assert.xunit/pull/25
		Assert.Equal (ms * callbackCount, watch.Elapsed, new MillisecondTolerance (100));

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));
		Assert.Equal (1, callbackCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_Run_CalledTwiceApproximatelyRightTime ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);
		var watch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch ();

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			if (callbackCount == 2) {
				watch.Stop ();
				ml.Stop ();
			}
			return true;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (ms, callback);
		watch.Start ();
		ml.Run ();
		// +/- 100ms should be good enuf
		// https://github.com/xunit/assert.xunit/pull/25
		Assert.Equal (ms * callbackCount, watch.Elapsed, new MillisecondTolerance (100));

		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));
		Assert.Equal (2, callbackCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_Remove_NotCalled ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);

		// Force stop if 10 iterations
		var stopCount = 0;
		Func<bool> fnStop = () => {
			stopCount++;
			if (stopCount == 10) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};
		ml.AddIdle (fnStop);

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			return true;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (ms, callback);
		Assert.True (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.Equal (0, callbackCount);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void AddTimer_ReturnFalse_StopsBeingCalled ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);

		// Force stop if 10 iterations
		var stopCount = 0;
		Func<bool> fnStop = () => {
			Thread.Sleep (10); // Sleep to enable timer to fire
			stopCount++;
			if (stopCount == 10) ml.Stop ();
			return true;
		};
		ml.AddIdle (fnStop);

		var callbackCount = 0;
		Func<bool> callback = () => {
			callbackCount++;
			return false;
		};

		var token = ml.AddTimeout (ms, callback);
		ml.Run ();
		Assert.Equal (1, callbackCount);
		Assert.Equal (10, stopCount);
		Assert.False (ml.RemoveTimeout (token));
	}

	[Fact]
	public void CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers_NoTimers_Returns_False ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var retVal = ml.CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers (out var waitTimeOut);
		Assert.False (retVal);
		Assert.Equal (-1, waitTimeOut);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers_NoTimers_WithIdle_Returns_True ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		Func<bool> fnTrue = () => true;

		ml.AddIdle (fnTrue);
		var retVal = ml.CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers (out var waitTimeOut);
		Assert.True (retVal);
		Assert.Equal (-1, waitTimeOut);
	}

	[Fact]
	public void CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers_With1Timer_Returns_Timer ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);

		static bool Callback () => false;

		_ = ml.AddTimeout (ms, Callback);
		var retVal = ml.CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers (out var waitTimeOut);

		Assert.True (retVal);
		// It should take < 10ms to execute to here
		Assert.True (ms.TotalMilliseconds <= (waitTimeOut + 10));
	}

	[Fact]
	public void CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers_With2Timers_Returns_Timer ()
	{
		var ml = new MainLoop (new FakeMainLoop ());
		var ms = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds (50);

		static bool Callback () => false;

		_ = ml.AddTimeout (ms, Callback);
		_ = ml.AddTimeout (ms, Callback);
		var retVal = ml.CheckTimersAndIdleHandlers (out var waitTimeOut);

		Assert.True (retVal);
		// It should take < 10ms to execute to here
		Assert.True (ms.TotalMilliseconds <= (waitTimeOut + 10));
	}

	[Fact]
	public void Internal_Tests ()
	{
		var testMainloop = new TestMainloop ();
		var mainloop = new MainLoop (testMainloop);
		Assert.Empty (mainloop._timeouts);
		Assert.Empty (mainloop._idleHandlers);
		Assert.NotNull (new Timeout () {
			Span = new TimeSpan (),
			Callback = () => true
		});
	}

	private class TestMainloop : IMainLoopDriver {
		private MainLoop mainLoop;

		public bool EventsPending ()
		{
			throw new NotImplementedException ();
		}

		public void Iteration ()
		{
			throw new NotImplementedException ();
		}
		public void TearDown ()
		{
			throw new NotImplementedException ();
		}

		public void Setup (MainLoop mainLoop)
		{
			this.mainLoop = mainLoop;
		}

		public void Wakeup ()
		{
			throw new NotImplementedException ();
		}
	}

	// TODO: EventsPending tests
	// - wait = true
	// - wait = false

	// TODO: Add IMainLoop tests

	volatile static int tbCounter = 0;
	static ManualResetEventSlim _wakeUp = new ManualResetEventSlim (false);

	private static void Launch (Random r, TextField tf, int target)
	{
		Task.Run (() => {
			Thread.Sleep (r.Next (2, 4));
			Application.Invoke (() => {
				tf.Text = $"index{r.Next ()}";
				Interlocked.Increment (ref tbCounter);
				if (target == tbCounter) {
					// On last increment wake up the check
					_wakeUp.Set ();
				}
			});
		});
	}

	private static void RunTest (Random r, TextField tf, int numPasses, int numIncrements, int pollMs)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < numPasses; j++) {

			_wakeUp.Reset ();
			for (var i = 0; i < numIncrements; i++) Launch (r, tf, (j + 1) * numIncrements);

			while (tbCounter != (j + 1) * numIncrements) // Wait for tbCounter to reach expected value
			{
				var tbNow = tbCounter;
				_wakeUp.Wait (pollMs);
				if (tbCounter == tbNow) {
					// No change after wait: Idle handlers added via Application.Invoke have gone missing
					Application.Invoke (() => Application.RequestStop ());
					throw new TimeoutException (
						$"Timeout: Increment lost. tbCounter ({tbCounter}) didn't " +
						$"change after waiting {pollMs} ms. Failed to reach {(j + 1) * numIncrements} on pass {j + 1}");
				}
			};
		}
		Application.Invoke (() => Application.RequestStop ());
	}

	[Fact]
	[AutoInitShutdown]
	public async Task InvokeLeakTest ()
	{
		Random r = new ();
		TextField tf = new ();
		Application.Top.Add (tf);

		const int numPasses = 5;
		const int numIncrements = 5000;
		const int pollMs = 10000;

		var task = Task.Run (() => RunTest (r, tf, numPasses, numIncrements, pollMs));

		// blocks here until the RequestStop is processed at the end of the test
		Application.Run ();

		await task; // Propagate exception if any occurred

		Assert.Equal (numIncrements * numPasses, tbCounter);
	}

	private static int total;
	private static Button btn;
	private static string clickMe;
	private static string cancel;
	private static string pewPew;
	private static int zero;
	private static int one;
	private static int two;
	private static int three;
	private static int four;
	private static bool taskCompleted;

	[Theory, AutoInitShutdown]
	[MemberData (nameof (TestAddIdle))]
	public void Mainloop_Invoke_Or_AddIdle_Can_Be_Used_For_Events_Or_Actions (Action action, string pclickMe, string pcancel, string ppewPew, int pzero, int pone, int ptwo, int pthree, int pfour)
	{
		total = 0;
		btn = null;
		clickMe = pclickMe;
		cancel = pcancel;
		pewPew = ppewPew;
		zero = pzero;
		one = pone;
		two = ptwo;
		three = pthree;
		four = pfour;
		taskCompleted = false;

		var btnLaunch = new Button ("Open Window");

		btnLaunch.Clicked += (s, e) => action ();

		Application.Top.Add (btnLaunch);

		var iterations = -1;

		Application.Iteration += (s, a) => {
			iterations++;
			if (iterations == 0) {
				Assert.Null (btn);
				Assert.Equal (zero, total);
				Assert.True (btnLaunch.ProcessKey (new KeyEvent (Key.Enter, null)));
				if (btn == null) {
					Assert.Null (btn);
					Assert.Equal (zero, total);
				} else {
					Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
					Assert.Equal (four, total);
				}
			} else if (iterations == 1) {
				Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
				Assert.Equal (zero, total);
				Assert.True (btn.ProcessKey (new KeyEvent (Key.Enter, null)));
				Assert.Equal (cancel, btn.Text);
				Assert.Equal (one, total);
			} else if (taskCompleted) {
				Application.RequestStop ();
			}
		};

		Application.Run ();

		Assert.True (taskCompleted);
		Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
		Assert.Equal (four, total);
	}

	public static IEnumerable<object []> TestAddIdle {
		get {
			// Goes fine
			Action a1 = StartWindow;
			yield return new object [] { a1, "Click Me", "Cancel", "Pew Pew", 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };

			// Also goes fine
			Action a2 = () => Application.Invoke (StartWindow);
			yield return new object [] { a2, "Click Me", "Cancel", "Pew Pew", 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };
		}
	}

	private static void StartWindow ()
	{
		var startWindow = new Window {
			Modal = true
		};

		btn = new Button {
			Text = "Click Me"
		};

		btn.Clicked += RunAsyncTest;

		var totalbtn = new Button () {
			X = Pos.Right (btn),
			Text = "total"
		};

		totalbtn.Clicked += (s, e) => {
			MessageBox.Query ("Count", $"Count is {total}", "Ok");
		};

		startWindow.Add (btn);
		startWindow.Add (totalbtn);

		Application.Run (startWindow);

		Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
		Assert.Equal (four, total);

		Application.RequestStop ();
	}

	private static async void RunAsyncTest (object sender, EventArgs e)
	{
		Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
		Assert.Equal (zero, total);

		btn.Text = "Cancel";
		Interlocked.Increment (ref total);
		btn.SetNeedsDisplay ();

		await Task.Run (() => {
			try {
				Assert.Equal (cancel, btn.Text);
				Assert.Equal (one, total);

				RunSql ();
			} finally {
				SetReadyToRun ();
			}
		}).ContinueWith (async (s, e) => {

			await Task.Delay (1000);
			Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
			Assert.Equal (three, total);

			Interlocked.Increment (ref total);

			Assert.Equal (clickMe, btn.Text);
			Assert.Equal (four, total);

			taskCompleted = true;

		}, TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext ());
	}

	private static void RunSql ()
	{
		Thread.Sleep (100);
		Assert.Equal (cancel, btn.Text);
		Assert.Equal (one, total);

		Application.Invoke (() => {
			btn.Text = "Pew Pew";
			Interlocked.Increment (ref total);
			btn.SetNeedsDisplay ();
		});
	}

	private static void SetReadyToRun ()
	{
		Thread.Sleep (100);
		Assert.Equal (pewPew, btn.Text);
		Assert.Equal (two, total);

		Application.Invoke (() => {
			btn.Text = "Click Me";
			Interlocked.Increment (ref total);
			btn.SetNeedsDisplay ();
		});
	}
}