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Voip Quality
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Several factors can attribute to the quality of a Voip call.  Most problems with Voip quality can be narrowed down to packet loss, jitter, wrong configurations, high latency and network attacks.



Voip Quality Testing Websites
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* https://beta.speedtest.net
* https://www.voipreview.org/speedtest
* https://speedof.me


Packet Loss
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Packet loss happens when a defined number of packets don't all reach their destination.  Most commonly, this can happen from faulty network hardware and wiring.  Network saturation can be a culprit also on the WAN and LAN of a network.

0% packet loss is recommended.

Jitter
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Packets that don't arrive in the intended order or proper time will result in jitter.  This will sound like robotic voice or missing audio that sounds choppy.  Much like a cell phone conversation with poor reception. 

3 ms in jitter or less is recommended.


Latency
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Too high of latency will result in conversational timing issues. This sounds like two people talking at the same time. 

150 ms or less is recommended.



Wrong Configurations
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* Quality Of Service QOS when implimented correctly on a network device can help a network provide great Voip quality. 
* ISP provisions your cable modem the wrong speed profile.


Network Attacks
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We are in the age of the internet wild wild west. Network attacks depending on size can bring a voip call quality sounding like packet loss, jitter and latency kind of calls.