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- <body class="article toc2 toc-left">
- <div id="header">
- <h1>AssetManager</h1>
- <div id="toc" class="toc2">
- <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
- <ul class="sectlevel3">
- <li><a href="#context">Context</a></li>
- <li><a href="#usage">Usage</a></li>
- <li><a href="#asset-directory">Asset Directory</a></li>
- <li><a href="#example-code-loading-assets">Example Code: Loading Assets</a></li>
- <li><a href="#common-assetmanager-tasks">Common AssetManager Tasks</a></li>
- <li><a href="#nullpointerexception-cannot-locate-resource">NullPointerException: Cannot locate resource?</a></li>
- <li><a href="#asset-handling-for-other-ides-codeless-projects">Asset Handling For Other IDEs: Codeless Projects</a></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div id="content">
- <div id="preamble">
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>By assets we mean multi-media files, such as 3D models, materials, textures, scenes, custom shaders, music and sound files, and custom fonts. JME3 has an integrated asset manager that helps you keep your project assets organized. Think of the asset manager as the filesystem of your game, independent of the actual deployment platform. By default, store your assets in the `MyGame/assets/ ` directory of your project.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Advantages of the AssetManager:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="ulist">
- <ul>
- <li>
- <p>The paths stay the same, no matter whether the game runs on Windows, Mac, Linux, etc!</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>The AssetManager automatically caches and optimizes the handling of OpenGL objects.<br>
- For example, the same textures are not uploaded to the graphics card multiple times when multiple models use them.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>The <a href="sdk/default_build_script.html">default build script</a> automatically bundles the contents of the <code>assets</code> directory into the executable.</p>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Advanced users can write a custom build and packaging script, and can register custom paths to the AssetManager, but this is up to you then.</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect3">
- <h4 id="context">Context</h4>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code>jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/ # You store assets in subfolders here! <------
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/build/ # SDK generates built classes here (*)
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/build.xml # You customize Ant build script here
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/nbproject/ # SDK stores default build.xml and meta data (*)
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/dist/ # SDK generates executable distribution here (*)
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/src/ # You store Java sources here
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/test/ # You store test classes here (optional)
- (*) Managed by jMonkeyEngine SDK -- don't edit!</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>See also <a href="jme3/intermediate/best_practices.html">Best Practices</a>.</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="usage">Usage</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>The <code>assetManager</code> object is an com.jme3.asset.AssetManager instance that every com.jme3.app.Application can access. It maintains a root that also includes your project’s classpath by default, so you can load any asset that’s on the classpath, that is, the top level of your project directory.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>You can use the inherited <code>assetManager</code> object directly, or use the accessor <code>app.getAssetManager()</code>.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Here is an example how you load assets using the AssetManager. This lines loads a default Material from the built-in <code>Common/</code> directory:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Material mat = (Material) assetManager.loadAsset(
- <span class="keyword">new</span> AssetKey(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Common/Materials/RedColor.j3m</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>));----
- This Material is <span class="error">“</span>somewhere in the jME3 JAR; the <span class="keyword">default</span> Asset Manager is configured to handle a <span class="error">`</span>Common/<span class="error">…</span><span class="error">`</span> path correctly, so you don<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">t have to specify the whole path when referring to built-in assets (such as default Materials).</span></span></code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Additionally, you can configure the Asset Manager and add any path to its root. This means, you can load assets from any project directory you specify. The next example shows how you load assets from your project’s assets directory.</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="asset-directory">Asset Directory</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>By default, jME3 searches for models in a directory named <code>assets</code>.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><code>assets``assets</code></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>This is our recommended directory structure for storing assets:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code>jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/src/... # Packages, .java source code.
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/... # The assets directory:
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Interface/ # .font, .jpg, .png, .xml
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/MatDefs/ # .j3md
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Materials/ # .j3m
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Models/ # .j3o
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Scenes/ # .j3o
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Shaders/ # .j3f, .vert, .frag
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Sounds/ # .ogg, .wav
- jMonkeyProjects/MyGame/assets/Textures/ # .jpg, .png; also .mesh.xml+.material, .mtl+.obj, .blend (!)</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>These subdirectories are just the most common examples.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><code>assets</code></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><strong>Examples:</strong> You can rename <code>assets/Sounds</code> to <code>assets/Audio</code>, you can delete <code>assets/MatDefs</code> if you don’t use it, you can create <code>assets/AIscripts</code>, etc. You can rename/move the <code>assets/Textures</code> directory or its subdirectories, but then you have to re-export all models, and re-convert them all to .j3o, so plan ahead!</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><code>assets/Textures/<code>assets/Textures/</code>assets/Textures</code>+
- <code>assets/Models/<code>assets/Scenes/</code>assets/Models``assets/Scenes</code></p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="example-code-loading-assets">Example Code: Loading Assets</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Creating a material instance with the definition “Unshaded.j3md:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">Material mat_brick = <span class="keyword">new</span> Material(
- assetManager, <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Applying a texture to the material:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">mat_brick.setTexture(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">ColorMap</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>,
- assetManager.loadTexture(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Textures/Terrain/BrickWall/BrickWall.jpg</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>));</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Loading a font:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">guiFont = assetManager.loadFont(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Interface/Fonts/Default.fnt</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Loading a model:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">Spatial ninja = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Loading a scene from an Ogre3D dotScene file stored inside a zip:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">assetManager.registerLocator(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">town.zip</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>, ZipLocator.class);
- Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- rootNode.attachChild(scene);</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Alternatively to ZipLocator, there is also a HttpZipLocator that can stream models from a zip file online:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">assetManager.registerLocator(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">http://jmonkeyengine.googlecode.com/files/wildhouse.zip</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>,
- HttpZipLocator.class);
- Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- rootNode.attachChild(scene);</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>jME3 also offers a ClasspathLocator, ZipLocator, FileLocator, HttpZipLocator, and UrlLocator (see <code>com.jme3.asset.plugins</code>).</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>“</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="common-assetmanager-tasks">Common AssetManager Tasks</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all spread">
- <colgroup>
- <col style="width: 50%;">
- <col style="width: 50%;">
- </colgroup>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Task?</th>
- <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Solution!</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>Load a model with materials</p>
- </div></div></td>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>Use the asset manager’s <code>loadModel()</code> method and attach the Spatial to the rootNode.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Models/Elephant/Elephant.mesh.xml</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- rootNode.attachChild(elephant);----
- [source,java]
- ----Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Models/Elephant/Elephant.j3o</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- rootNode.attachChild(elephant);----</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div></div></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>Load a model without materials</p>
- </div></div></td>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>If you have a model without materials, you have to add a default material to make it visible.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial teapot = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Models/Teapot/Teapot.obj</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- Material mat = <span class="keyword">new</span> Material(assetManager, <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Common/MatDefs/Misc/ShowNormals.j3md</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- teapot.setMaterial(mat);
- rootNode.attachChild(teapot);----</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div></div></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>Load a scene</p>
- </div></div></td>
- <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
- <p>You load scenes just like you load models:</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">Scenes/house/main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>);
- rootNode.attachChild(scene);----</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div></div></td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="nullpointerexception-cannot-locate-resource">NullPointerException: Cannot locate resource?</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><strong>Problem:</strong></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>My game runs fine when I run it right from the jMonkeyEngine SDK. But when I run the stand-alone executables (.jar, .jnlp .exe, .app), a DesktopAssetManager error message occurs in the console, and it quits?</p>
- </div>
- <div class="listingblock">
- <div class="content">
- <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code>----com.jme3.asset.DesktopAssetManager loadAsset
- WARNING: Cannot locate resource: Scenes/town/main.scene
- com.jme3.app.Application handleError
- SEVERE: Uncaught exception thrown in Thread[LWJGL Renderer Thread,5,main]
- java.lang.NullPointerException
- ----
- *Reason:*</code></pre>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>If you use the default build script, <strong>original models and scenes (.mesh.xml, .obj, .blend, .zip), are excluded</strong> from the distribution automatically. A stand-alone executable includes converted <strong>.j3o files</strong> (models and scenes) only. The default build script makes sure to bundle existing .j3o files in the distribution, but you need to remember to convert the models (from mesh.xml–>.j3o, or .obj–>.j3o, etc) yourself.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><strong>Solution</strong></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>Before building the executable, you must use the jMonkeyEngine SDK’s context menu action to <a href="sdk/model_loader_and_viewer.html">convert 3D models to .j3o binary format</a>.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="olist arabic">
- <ol class="arabic">
- <li>
- <p>Save your original models (.mesh.xml, .scene, .blend, or .obj files, plus textures) into <code>assets/Textures/</code>. (!)</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Open the jME3 project in the jMonkeyEngine SDK.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Browse to the <code>assets</code> directory in the Projects window.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Right-click an original model in <code>assets/Textures/</code>, and choose “Convert to JME3 binary.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>The converted file appears in the same directory as the original file. It has the same name and a <code>.j3o</code> suffix.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Move the .j3o file into the <code>assets/Models/</code> or <code>assets/Scenes/</code> directory.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Use the assetManager’s <code>load()</code> method to load the <code>.j3o</code> file.</p>
- </li>
- </ol>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>This ensures that the model’s Texture paths keep working between your 3D mesh editor and JME3.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><a href="sdk/default_build_script.html">default build script</a></p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect1">
- <h2 id="asset-handling-for-other-ides-codeless-projects">Asset Handling For Other IDEs: Codeless Projects</h2>
- <div class="sectionbody">
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><strong>Problem:</strong></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>I use another IDE than jMonkeyEngine SDK for coding (Eclipse, IntelliJ, text editor). Where is my <code>asset</code> folder and .j3o converter?</p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><strong>Solution:</strong></p>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p>You can code in any IDE, but you must create a so-called codeless project in the jMonkeyEngine SDK to maintain assets. <strong>A code-less jMonkeyEngine project does not meddle with your sources or custom build scripts.</strong> You merely use it to convert models to .j3o binaries.</p>
- </div>
- <div class="olist arabic">
- <ol class="arabic">
- <li>
- <p>Create your (Eclipse or whatever) project as you like.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Create a directory in your project folder and name it, for example, <code>assets</code>.<br>
- Store your assets there as described above.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Download and install the jMonkeyEngine SDK.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>In the SDK, go to File → Import Projects → External Project Assets.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>Select your (Eclipse or whatever) project and your assets folder in the Import Wizard.</p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>You can now open this (Eclipse or whatever) project in the jMonkeyEngine SDK.<br>
- Convert assets as described above.</p>
- </li>
- </ol>
- </div>
- <div class="paragraph">
- <p><a href="jme3/advanced/save_and_load.html">BinaryExporter</a></p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div id="footer">
- <div id="footer-text">
- Last updated 2016-05-21 23:44:18 UTC
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