java
/
jMonkeyEngine-wiki
同期ミラー https://github.com/jMonkeyEngine/wiki.git


			
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<body class="article toc2 toc-left">
<div id="header">
<h1>jMonkeyEngine 3 Tutorial (3) - Hello Assets</h1>
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
<ul class="sectlevel1">
<li><a href="#amostra-de-código">Amostra de Código</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#carregando-um-modelo">Carregando um modelo</a></li>
<li><a href="#carregando-ativos-de-caminhos-personalizados">Carregando Ativos de Caminhos Personalizados</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#criando-modelos-e-cenas">Criando Modelos e Cenas</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#formatos-de-arquivo-de-modelo">Formatos de Arquivo de Modelo</a></li>
<li><a href="#carregando-modelos-e-a-cena">Carregando Modelos e a Cena</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#exercício-como-carregar-ativos">Exercício - Como Carregar Ativos</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Anterior: <a href="jme3/beginner/hello_node_pt.html">Hello Node pt</a>,
Próximo: <a href="jme3/beginner/hello_main_event_loop_pt.html">Hello Update Loop pt</a></p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Neste tutorial nós aprenderemos a carregar modelos 3D e colcoar texto no grafo de cena, usando o <a href="jme3/advanced/asset_manager.html">Gerenciador de Ativo (Asset Manager)</a> da JME. Você também aprenderá como determinar os caminhos corretos, e quais formatos de arquivo usar.</p>
</div>
<div class="imageblock" style="text-align: center">
<div class="content">
<img src="images/beginner-assets-models.png" alt="beginner-assets-models.png" height="250">
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><a href="sdk/sample_code.html">Problema no achar os arquivos para executar a amostra?</a>`jme3-test-data.jar`“““““““</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="amostra-de-código">Amostra de Código</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java"><span class="keyword">package</span> <span class="namespace">jme3test.helloworld</span>;

<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.font.BitmapText</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.light.DirectionalLight</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.material.Material</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.math.Vector3f</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.scene.Geometry</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.scene.Spatial</span>;
<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">com.jme3.scene.shape.Box</span>;

<span class="comment">/** Sample 3 - how to load an OBJ model, and OgreXML model,
 * a material/texture, or text. */</span>
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="type">class</span> <span class="class">HelloAssets</span> <span class="directive">extends</span> SimpleApplication {

    <span class="directive">public</span> <span class="directive">static</span> <span class="type">void</span> main(<span class="predefined-type">String</span><span class="type">[]</span> args) {
        HelloAssets app = <span class="keyword">new</span> HelloAssets();
        app.start();
    }

    <span class="annotation">@Override</span>
    <span class="directive">public</span> <span class="type">void</span> simpleInitApp() {

        Spatial teapot = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Teapot/Teapot.obj</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        Material mat_default = <span class="keyword">new</span> Material(
            assetManager, <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Common/MatDefs/Misc/ShowNormals.j3md</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        teapot.setMaterial(mat_default);
        rootNode.attachChild(teapot);

        <span class="comment">// Create a wall with a simple texture from test_data</span>
        <span class="predefined-type">Box</span> box = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="predefined-type">Box</span>(Vector3f.ZERO, <span class="float">2.5f</span>,<span class="float">2.5f</span>,<span class="float">1.0f</span>);
        Spatial wall = <span class="keyword">new</span> Geometry(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Box</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>, box );
        Material mat_brick = <span class="keyword">new</span> Material(
            assetManager, <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        mat_brick.setTexture(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">ColorMap</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>,
            assetManager.loadTexture(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Textures/Terrain/BrickWall/BrickWall.jpg</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>));
        wall.setMaterial(mat_brick);
        wall.setLocalTranslation(<span class="float">2.0f</span>,-<span class="float">2.5f</span>,<span class="float">0.0f</span>);
        rootNode.attachChild(wall);

        <span class="comment">// Display a line of text with a default font</span>
        guiNode.detachAllChildren();
        guiFont = assetManager.loadFont(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Interface/Fonts/Default.fnt</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        BitmapText helloText = <span class="keyword">new</span> BitmapText(guiFont, <span class="predefined-constant">false</span>);
        helloText.setSize(guiFont.getCharSet().getRenderedSize());
        helloText.setText(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Hello World</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        helloText.setLocalTranslation(<span class="integer">300</span>, helloText.getLineHeight(), <span class="integer">0</span>);
        guiNode.attachChild(helloText);

        <span class="comment">// Load a model from test_data (OgreXML + material + texture)</span>
        Spatial ninja = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
        ninja.scale(<span class="float">0.05f</span>, <span class="float">0.05f</span>, <span class="float">0.05f</span>);
        ninja.rotate(<span class="float">0.0f</span>, -<span class="float">3.0f</span>, <span class="float">0.0f</span>);
        ninja.setLocalTranslation(<span class="float">0.0f</span>, -<span class="float">5.0f</span>, -<span class="float">2.0f</span>);
        rootNode.attachChild(ninja);
        <span class="comment">// You must add a light to make the model visible</span>
        DirectionalLight sun = <span class="keyword">new</span> DirectionalLight();
        sun.setDirection(<span class="keyword">new</span> Vector3f(-<span class="float">0.1f</span>, -<span class="float">0.7f</span>, -<span class="float">1.0f</span>));
        rootNode.addLight(sun);

    }
}----
Compile e execute a amostra de c<span class="error">ó</span>digo. Voc<span class="error">ê</span> deveria ver um ninja verde com um bule colorido permanecendo atr<span class="error">á</span>s de uma parede. O texto na tela deveria dizer <span class="error">“</span>Hello World.


== O gerenciador de ativo

*Por ativos de jogo n<span class="error">ó</span>s queremos dizer todos os arquivos multim<span class="error">í</span>dia, tais como modelos, materiais e texturas, cenas inteiras, shaders customizados, m<span class="error">ú</span>sica e arquivos de som, e fontes customizadas.* JME3 vem com um objeto AssetManager pr<span class="error">á</span>tico que ajuda voc<span class="error">ê</span> a acessar seus ativos.
O AssetManager pode carregar arquivos de:


*  O classpath atual (o n<span class="error">í</span>vel <span class="keyword">do</span> topo de seu diret<span class="error">ó</span>rio de projeto),
*  O diret<span class="error">ó</span>rio <span class="error">`</span>ativos<span class="error">`</span> de seu projeto, e
*  opcionalmente, caminhos persoanlizados que voc<span class="error">ê</span> registrar.

O seguinte <span class="error">é</span> a estrutura de diret<span class="error">ó</span>rio recomendada em seu diret<span class="error">ó</span>rio de projeto:


[source]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>MyGame/assets/Interface/
MyGame/assets/MatDefs/
MyGame/assets/Materials/
MyGame/assets/Models/
MyGame/assets/Scenes/
MyGame/assets/Shaders/
MyGame/assets/Sounds/
MyGame/assets/Textures/
MyGame/build.xml            &#8592;- Ant build script
MyGame/src/&#8230;&#8203;              &#8592;- Java sources go here
MyGame/&#8230;&#8203;</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Isto é apenas um melhor prática sugerida, e é o que você consegue por padrão quando criando um novo projeto Java no &lt;&lt;sdk#,SDK&gt;&gt; da jMokeyEngine. Você pode criar um diretório de ativos e tecnicamente nomear os subdiretórios da maneira que você gostar.


=== Carregando Texturas

Coloque suas texturas em um subdiretório de `assets/Textures/`. Carregue a textura em um material antes que você configure o Material. A seguinte amostra de código é do método `simpleInitApp()` e carrega um modelo de parede simples:


[source,java]</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Box box = new Box(Vector3f.ZERO, 2.5f,2.5f,1.0f);
Spatial wall = new Geometry("Box", box );
Material mat_brick = new Material(
    assetManager, "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
mat_brick.setTexture("ColorMap",
    assetManager.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/BrickWall/BrickWall.jpg"));
wall.setMaterial(mat_brick);
wall.setLocalTranslation(2.0f,-2.5f,0.0f);
rootNode.attachChild(wall);</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Neste caso, você &lt;&lt;hello_material#,cria seu próprio Material&gt;&gt; e aplica ele para a geometria (Geometry). Você baseia Materiais nas descrições de material padrão (por exemplo, “Unshaded.j3md), como mostrado neste exemplo.


=== Carregando Texto e Fontes

Este exemplo exibe o texto “Hello World na fonte padrão na aresta do fundo da janela. Você anexa texto para o nó da +++&lt;abbr title="Graphical User Interface"&gt;GUI&lt;/abbr&gt;+++ (`guiNode`) – isto é um nó especial para elementos de exibição plana (ortogonal). Você exibe texto para mostrar a pontuação do jogo, a saúde do jogador, etc.
A seguinte amostra de código vai no método `simpleInitApp()`.


[source,java]
----// Display a line of text with a default font
guiNode.detachAllChildren();
guiFont = assetManager.loadFont("Interface/Fonts/Default.fnt");
BitmapText helloText = new BitmapText(guiFont, false);
helloText.setSize(guiFont.getCharSet().getRenderedSize());
helloText.setText("Hello World");
helloText.setLocalTranslation(300, helloText.getLineHeight(), 0);
guiNode.attachChild(helloText);</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Dica:</strong> Limpe o texto existente no nó da <abbr title="Graphical User Interface">GUI</abbr> (guiNode) por retirar todas as suas crianças.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="carregando-um-modelo">Carregando um modelo</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Exporte seu modelo 3D no formato OgreXML (.mesh.xml, .scene, .material, .skeleton.xml) e coloque ele em um subdiretório de <code>assets/Models/</code>. A seguinte amostra de código vai no método <code>simpleInitApp()</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java"><span class="comment">// Load a model from test_data (OgreXML + material + texture)</span>
Spatial ninja = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
ninja.scale(<span class="float">0.05f</span>, <span class="float">0.05f</span>, <span class="float">0.05f</span>);
ninja.rotate(<span class="float">0.0f</span>, -<span class="float">3.0f</span>, <span class="float">0.0f</span>);
ninja.setLocalTranslation(<span class="float">0.0f</span>, -<span class="float">5.0f</span>, -<span class="float">2.0f</span>);
rootNode.attachChild(ninja);
<span class="comment">// You must add a directional light to make the model visible!</span>
DirectionalLight sun = <span class="keyword">new</span> DirectionalLight();
sun.setDirection(<span class="keyword">new</span> Vector3f(-<span class="float">0.1f</span>, -<span class="float">0.7f</span>, -<span class="float">1.0f</span>).normalizeLocal());
rootNode.addLight(sun);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Note que você precisa criar um Material se você exportou o modelo com um material. Lembre-se de adicionar uma fonte de luz, como mostrado, de outra maneira o material (e o modelo inteiro) não estará visível!</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="carregando-ativos-de-caminhos-personalizados">Carregando Ativos de Caminhos Personalizados</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>E seu jogo dependen de arquivos de modelo fornecidos pelo usuário, que não estão inclusos na distribuição? Se um arquivo não é localizado no local padrão (e.g. diretório de ativos), você pode registrar um localizador (Locator) customizado e carregá-lo de qualquer caminho.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Aqui está um exemplo de uso de um ZipLocator que está registrado para um arquivo <code>town.zip</code> no nível topo de seu diretório de projeto:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">    assetManager.registerLocator(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">town.zip</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>, ZipLocator.class);
    Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
    rootNode.attachChild(scene);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Aque está um HttpZipLocator que pode baixar modelos zipados e carregá-los:</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">    assetManager.registerLocator(
      <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">http://jmonkeyengine.googlecode.com/files/wildhouse.zip</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>,
      HttpZipLocator.class);
    Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
    rootNode.attachChild(scene);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>JME3 oferece ClasspathLocator, ZipLocator, FileLocator, HttpZipLocator, e UrlLocator (Veja <code>com.jme3.asset.plugins</code>).</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="criando-modelos-e-cenas">Criando Modelos e Cenas</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Para criar modelos 3D e cenas, você precisa de um editor de malha 3D (3D Mesh Editor) com um plugin exportador (Exporter) OgreXML. Por exemplo, você pode <a href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Blender_3D:_Noob_to_Pro/UV_Map_Basics"> criar modelos completamente texturizados com Blender</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Você pode usar o <a href="sdk.html">SDK</a> para <a href="sdk/model_loader_and_viewer.html">carregar modelos</a>, <a href="sdk/blender.html">converter modelos</a> e <a href="sdk/scene_composer.html">criar cenas</a> deles.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Se você usar Blender, exporte seus modelos como malhas Ogre XML com materiais como se segue:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Abra o menu Arquivo (File) &gt; Exportar (Export) &gt; Exportador OgreXML (OgreXML Exporter) para abrir o diálogo do exportador.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>No campo Exportar Materiais (Export Materials): Dê ao material o mesmo nome que o modelo. Por exemplo, o modelo <code>something.mesh.xml</code> acompanha <code>something.material</code>, mais (opcionalmente) <code>something.skeleton.xml</code> e alguns arquivos de textura JPG.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>No campo Exportar Malhas (Export Meshes): Selecione um subdiretório de seu diretório <code>assets/Models/</code> directory. E.g. <code>assets/Models/something/</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Ative as seguintes configurações do exportador:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Copiar Texturas (Copy Textures): YES</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Renderizar materiais (Rendering Materials): YES</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Virar Eixos (Flip Axis): YES</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Requer Materiais (Require Materials): YES</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Nome do Esqueleto segue o da malha (Skeleton name follows mesh): YES</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Clique em exportar.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="formatos-de-arquivo-de-modelo">Formatos de Arquivo de Modelo</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>JME3 pode carregar modelos Ogre XML + materials, Ogre DotScenes, bem como modelos Wavefront OBJ+MTL models. O código loadModel() trabalha com estes arquivos quando você executa o código diretamente do SDK da jMonkeyEngine SDK.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Se você construir os executáveis usando o scrit de construção padrão, então os arquivos de modelo originais (XML, OBJ, etc) não são inclusos. Quando você executar o executável, você obetrá uma mensagem de erro se você tentar carregar quaisquer modelos diretamente:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code>----com.jme3.asset.DesktopAssetManager loadAsset
WARNING: Cannot locate resource: Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml
com.jme3.app.Application handleError
SEVERE: Uncaught exception thrown in Thread[LWJGL Renderer Thread,5,main]
java.lang.NullPointerException
----
Carregando os arquivos XML/OBJ diretamente é somente aceitável durante a fase de desenvolvimento. Se seus projetista gráfico coloca arquivos atualizados para o diretório de ativos, você pode rapidamente revisar a versão mais recente em seu ambiente de desenvolvimento.</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Para teste e para a construção de liberação final, voc~e usa arquivos .j3o exclusivamente. J3o é um formato binário otimizado para aplicações jME3, e arquivos .j3o são automaticamente inclusos no arquivo JAR distribuível pelo script de construção. Quando você faz construções de teste de QA (Quality and Assurance - Averiguação da Qualidade) ou está pronto para liberar, use o <a href="sdk.html">SDK</a> para <a href="sdk/model_loader_and_viewer.html">converter</a> todos os arquivos .obj/.scene/.xml/.blend para .j3o, e somente carregue as versões .j3o.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Abra seu Projeto JME3 no SDK da jMonkeyEngine.</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Dê um clique com o botão direito em um arquivo .Blend, .OBJ, ou .mesh.xml file na janela Projetos (Projects), e escolha “converter para binário JME3 (“convert to JME3 binary)..</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>O arquivo .j3o aparece próximo ao arquivo .mesh.xml file e tem o mesmo nome.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Mude todas as linhas do seu loadModel() de acordo. Por exemplo:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial ninja = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Ninja/Ninja.j3o</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);----</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Se seu executável dá uma exceção em tempo de execução, tenha certeza de que você converteu todos os modelos para .j3o!</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="carregando-modelos-e-a-cena">Carregando Modelos e a Cena</h3>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all spread">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%;">
<col style="width: 50%;">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">tarefa?</th>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Solução!</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>Carregar um modelo com materiais</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>Use o método <code>loadModel()</code> do gerenciador de ativo (asset manager) e anexe o Spatial para o nó raiz (rootNode).</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Elephant/Elephant.mesh.xml</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
rootNode.attachChild(elephant);----
[source,java]
----Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Elephant/Elephant.j3o</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
rootNode.attachChild(elephant);----</code></pre>
</div>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>carregar um modelo sem materiais</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>Se você tiver um modelo sem materiais, você tem de dár a ele um material para fazê-lo visível.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial teapot = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Models/Teapot/Teapot.j3o</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
Material mat = <span class="keyword">new</span> Material(assetManager, <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Common/MatDefs/Misc/ShowNormals.j3md</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>); <span class="comment">// default material</span>
teapot.setMaterial(mat);
rootNode.attachChild(teapot);----</code></pre>
</div>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>Carregar uma cena</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div><div class="paragraph">
<p>Você carrega cenas da mesma forma que você carrega modelos:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">----Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Scenes/town/main.scene</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
rootNode.attachChild(scene);----
[source,java]
----Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">Scenes/town/main.j3o</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>);
rootNode.attachChild(scene);----</code></pre>
</div>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="exercício-como-carregar-ativos">Exercício - Como Carregar Ativos</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Como um exercício, vamos tentar diferentes maneiras de carregar uma cena. Você aprenderá a como carregar a cena diretamente, ou de um arquivo zip.</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p><a href="http://jmonkeyengine.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/engine/town.zip">baixe a cena de amostra town.zip</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>(Opcional:) Dezipe o arquivo town.zip para ver a estrutura da Ogre dotScene contida: Você terá um diretório chamado <code>town</code>. Ele contém arquivos XML e textura, e o arquivo chamado main.scene. (Isto é apenas para sua informação, você não precisa fazer nada com ele.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Coloque o arquivo town.zip no diretório topo de nível de seu projeto JME3, assim:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code>----jMonkeyProjects/MyGameProject/assets/
jMonkeyProjects/MyGameProject/build.xml
jMonkeyProjects/MyGameProject/src/
jMonkeyProjects/MyGameProject/town.zip
...</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Use o seguinte método para carregar modelos de um arquivo zip:


.  Verifique se `town.zip` está no diretório do projeto.
.  Registre um localizador de arquivo zip para o diretório do projeto: Adicione o seguinte código sobre `simpleInitApp(){`
[source,java]
----    assetManager.registerLocator("town.zip", ZipLocator.class);
    Spatial gameLevel = assetManager.loadModel("main.scene");
    gameLevel.setLocalTranslation(0, -5.2f, 0);
    gameLevel.setLocalScale(2);
    rootNode.attachChild(gameLevel);----
O método loadModel() agora pesquisa pelo arquivo zip diretamente para carregar os arquivos (isto significa, não escreva `loadModel(town.zip/main.scene)` ou similar!)


.  Limpe, construa e execute o projeto. +
Você deveria agora ver o Ninja+parede+bule permanecendo em uma cidade.

*Dica:*  se você registrar novos localizadores, tenha certeza de que você não tenha quaisquer conflitos de nome: Não nomeie todas as cenas `main.scene` mas dê a cada cena um nome único.


Anteriormente neste tutorial, você carregou cenas e modelos do diretório de ativo. Isto é a maneira mais comum que você estará carregando cenas e modelos. Aqui está o procedimento típico:


.  Remova o código que você adicionou para o exercício anterior.
.  Mova o diretório dezipado `town/` no diretório `assets/Scenes/` de seu projeto.
.  Adicione o seguinte código sobre `simpleInitApp() {`
[source,java]
----    Spatial gameLevel = assetManager.loadModel("Scenes/town/main.scene");
    gameLevel.setLocalTranslation(0, -5.2f, 0);
    gameLevel.setLocalScale(2);
    rootNode.attachChild(gameLevel);----
 Note que o caminho é relativo ao diretório `assets/…`.


.  Limpe, construa e execute o projeto. De novo, você deveria ver o Ninja+parede+bule em uma cidade.

Aqui está um terceiro método que você deve conhecer, carregando uma cena/modelo de um arquivo .j3o:


.  Remova o código do exercício anterior.
.  Se você j´pa não fez, abra o &lt;&lt;sdk#,SDK&gt;&gt; e abra o projeto que contém a classe HelloAsset..
.  Na janela de projetos, navegue para o diretório `assets/Scenes/town`.
.  Dê um clique com o botão direito em `main.scene` e converta a cena para binário: A jMonkeyPlatform gera um arquivo main.j3o.
.  Adicione o seguinte código em `simpleInitApp() {`
[source,java]
----    Spatial gameLevel = assetManager.loadModel("Scenes/town/main.j3o");
    gameLevel.setLocalTranslation(0, -5.2f, 0);
    gameLevel.setLocalScale(2);
    rootNode.attachChild(gameLevel);----
 Novamente, note que o caminho é relativo ao diretório `assets/…` directory.


.  Limpe, construa e execute o projeto. +
De novo, você deveria ver o Ninja+parede+bule em uma cidade.


== Conclusão

Agora você sabe como popular o grafo de cena com modelos e formas estáticas, e como construir cenas. Você aprendeu como carregar ativos usando o `gerenciador de ativos (assetManager)` e você viu que os caminhos iniciam relativos ao seu diretório de projeto. Uma outra coisa importante que você aprendeu é converter modelos para o formato .j3o para os JARs executáveis etc.


Vamos adicionar alguma ação para a cena e continuar com o  &lt;&lt;jme3/beginner/hello_main_event_loop-pt#, Loop de Atualização pt&gt;&gt;!

'''

*See also:*


*  &lt;&lt;jme3/external/blender#,O tutorial de importação Blender definitivo&gt;&gt;
*  link:http://www.jmonkeyengine.com/forum/index.php?topic=14418.0[Instantâneos de um grande modelo carregado]
*  link:http://www.youtube.com/user/aramakara[Video tutoriais for obter OgreXML do 3DS Max usando OgreMax]
*  Se você quer aprender a como carregar sons, veja &lt;&lt;hello_audio_pt#,Hello Audio pt&gt;&gt;
*  Se você quer aprender mais sobre carregar materiais, veja &lt;&lt;hello_material_pt#,Hello Material pt&gt;&gt;
&lt;tags&gt;&lt;tag target="beginner" /&gt;&lt;tag target="intro" /&gt;&lt;tag target="documentation" /&gt;&lt;tag target="lightnode" /&gt;&lt;tag target="material" /&gt;&lt;tag target="model" /&gt;&lt;tag target="node" /&gt;&lt;tag target="gui" /&gt;&lt;tag target="hud" /&gt;&lt;tag target="texture" /&gt;&lt;/tags&gt;</pre>
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Last updated 2016-05-21 23:44:18 UTC
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