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water.html

water.html 44 KB
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  8. <title>Simple Water</title>
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  510. </style>
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  511. </head>
    512. 

  512. <body class="article toc2 toc-left">
    513. 

  513. <div id="header">
    514. 

  514. <h1>Simple Water</h1>
    515. 

  515. <div class="details">
    516. 

  516. <span id="author" class="author"></span><br>
    517. 

  517. <span id="revnumber">version ,</span>
    518. 

  518. <span id="revdate">2016/03/17 20:48</span>
    519. 

  519. </div>
    520. 

  520. <div id="toc" class="toc2">
    521. 

  521. <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
    522. 

  522. <ul class="sectlevel1">
    523. 

  523. <li><a href="#simplewaterprocessor">SimpleWaterProcessor</a></li>
    524. 

  524. <li><a href="#usage">Usage</a></li>
    525. 

  525. <li><a href="#sample-code">Sample Code</a></li>
    526. 

  526. <li><a href="#settings">Settings</a></li>
    527. 

  527. </ul>
    528. 

  528. </div>
    529. 

  529. </div>
    530. 

  530. <div id="content">
    531. 

  531. <div id="preamble">
    532. 

  532. <div class="sectionbody">
    533. 

  533. <div class="paragraph">
    534. 

  534. <p>jMonkeyEngine offers a SimpleWaterProcessor that turns any quad (flat rectangle) into a reflective water surface with waves. You can use this quad for simple limited water surfaces such as water troughs, shallow fountains, puddles, shallow water in channels. The SimpleWaterProcessor has less performance impact on your game than the full featured <a href="../../jme3/advanced/post-processor_water.html">SeaMonkey WaterFilter</a>; the main difference is that the SimpleWaterProcessor does not include under-water effects.</p>
    535. 

  535. </div>
    536. 

  536. <div class="paragraph">
    537. 

  537. <p>Here is some background info for JME3&#8217;s basic water implementation:</p>
    538. 

  538. </div>
    539. 

  539. <div class="ulist">
    540. 

  540. <ul>
    541. 

  541. <li>
    542. 

  542. <p><a href="http://www.jmonkeyengine.com/forum/index.php?topic=14740.0">http://www.jmonkeyengine.com/forum/index.php?topic=14740.0</a></p>
    543. 

  543. </li>
    544. 

  544. <li>
    545. 

  545. <p><a href="http://www.bonzaisoftware.com/water_tut.html">http://www.bonzaisoftware.com/water_tut.html</a></p>
    546. 

  546. </li>
    547. 

  547. <li>
    548. 

  548. <p><a href="http://www.gametutorials.com/Articles/RealisticWater.pdf">http://www.gametutorials.com/Articles/RealisticWater.pdf</a></p>
    549. 

  549. </li>
    550. 

  550. </ul>
    551. 

  551. </div>
    552. 

  552. <div class="imageblock" style="text-align: center">
    553. 

  553. <div class="content">
    554. 

  554. <img src="http://www.jmonkeyengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/simplewaterdemo.jpg" alt="simplewaterdemo.jpg" height="180">
    555. 

  555. </div>
    556. 

  556. </div>
    557. 

  557. </div>
    558. 

  558. </div>
    559. 

  559. <div class="sect1">
    560. 

  560. <h2 id="simplewaterprocessor">SimpleWaterProcessor</h2>
    561. 

  561. <div class="sectionbody">
    562. 

  562. <div class="paragraph">
    563. 

  563. <p>A JME3 scene with water can use a <code>com.jme3.water.SimpleWaterProcessor</code> (which implements the SceneProcessor interface).</p>
    564. 

  564. </div>
    565. 

  565. <div class="paragraph">
    566. 

  566. <p>To achieve a water effect, JME3 uses shaders and a special material, <code>Common/MatDefs/Water/SimpleWater.j3md</code>. The water surface is a quad, and we use normal map and dU/dV map texturing to simulate the waves.</p>
    567. 

  567. </div>
    568. 

  568. <div class="olist arabic">
    569. 

  569. <ol class="arabic">
    570. 

  570. <li>
    571. 

  571. <p>Every frame, we render to three texture maps:</p>
    572. 

  572. <div class="ulist">
    573. 

  573. <ul>
    574. 

  574. <li>
    575. 

  575. <p>For the water surface (reflection), we take a snapshot of the environment, flip it upside down, and clip it to the visible water surface. Note that we do not actually use a “water texture color map: The “texture of the water is solely a distorted reflection.</p>
    576. 

  576. </li>
    577. 

  577. <li>
    578. 

  578. <p>For the “wavy distortion (refraction), we use the derivative of a normal map, a dU/dV map.</p>
    579. 

  579. </li>
    580. 

  580. <li>
    581. 

  581. <p>For the fogginess of water (depth) we use a depth map from the terrains z-buffer.</p>
    582. 

  582. </li>
    583. 

  583. </ul>
    584. 

  584. </div>
    585. 

  585. </li>
    586. 

  586. <li>
    587. 

  587. <p>In the shaders, we add all of the texture maps together.</p>
    588. 

  588. <div class="ulist">
    589. 

  589. <ul>
    590. 

  590. <li>
    591. 

  591. <p>For the “bumpy displacement of the waves, we use a normal map and a du/dv map that are shifted against each other over time to create the wave effect.</p>
    592. 

  592. </li>
    593. 

  593. <li>
    594. 

  594. <p>For the light reflection vectors on the water surface, we use the Fresnel formula, together with normal vectors.</p>
    595. 

  595. </li>
    596. 

  596. <li>
    597. 

  597. <p>We add specular lighting.</p>
    598. 

  598. </li>
    599. 

  599. </ul>
    600. 

  600. </div>
    601. 

  601. </li>
    602. 

  602. <li>
    603. 

  603. <p>(For the underwater caustics effect, we use splatted textures. – WIP/TODO)</p>
    604. 

  604. </li>
    605. 

  605. </ol>
    606. 

  606. </div>
    607. 

  607. </div>
    608. 

  608. </div>
    609. 

  609. <div class="sect1">
    610. 

  610. <h2 id="usage">Usage</h2>
    611. 

  611. <div class="sectionbody">
    612. 

  612. <div class="imageblock" style="text-align: right">
    613. 

  613. <div class="content">
    614. 

  614. <img src="../../jme3/advanced/simplewater.png" alt="simplewater.png" height="288">
    615. 

  615. </div>
    616. 

  616. </div>
    617. 

  617. <div class="olist arabic">
    618. 

  618. <ol class="arabic">
    619. 

  619. <li>
    620. 

  620. <p>Create a <code>mainScene</code> Node</p>
    621. 

  621. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    622. 

  622. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    623. 

  623. <li>
    624. 

  624. <p>Attach the <code>mainScene</code> Node to the <code>rootNode</code></p>
    625. 

  625. </li>
    626. 

  626. </ol>
    627. 

  627. </div>
    628. 

  628. </li>
    629. 

  629. <li>
    630. 

  630. <p>Load your <code>scene</code> Spatial</p>
    631. 

  631. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    632. 

  632. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    633. 

  633. <li>
    634. 

  634. <p>Add a light source to the <code>scene</code> Spatial</p>
    635. 

  635. </li>
    636. 

  636. <li>
    637. 

  637. <p>Attach the <code>scene</code> Spatial to the <code>mainScene</code> Node</p>
    638. 

  638. </li>
    639. 

  639. </ol>
    640. 

  640. </div>
    641. 

  641. </li>
    642. 

  642. <li>
    643. 

  643. <p>Load your <a href="../../jme3/advanced/sky.html">sky</a> Geometry</p>
    644. 

  644. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    645. 

  645. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    646. 

  646. <li>
    647. 

  647. <p>Attach the sky Geometry to the <code>mainScene</code> Node</p>
    648. 

  648. </li>
    649. 

  649. </ol>
    650. 

  650. </div>
    651. 

  651. </li>
    652. 

  652. <li>
    653. 

  653. <p>Create the SimpleWaterProcessor <code>waterProcessor</code></p>
    654. 

  654. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    655. 

  655. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    656. 

  656. <li>
    657. 

  657. <p>Set the processor&#8217;s ReflectionScene to the <code>mainScene</code> Spatial (!)</p>
    658. 

  658. </li>
    659. 

  659. <li>
    660. 

  660. <p>Set the processor&#8217;s Plane to where you want your water surface to be</p>
    661. 

  661. </li>
    662. 

  662. <li>
    663. 

  663. <p>Set the processor&#8217;s WaterDepth, DistortionScale, and WaveSpeed</p>
    664. 

  664. </li>
    665. 

  665. <li>
    666. 

  666. <p>Attach the processor to the <code>viewPort</code></p>
    667. 

  667. </li>
    668. 

  668. </ol>
    669. 

  669. </div>
    670. 

  670. </li>
    671. 

  671. <li>
    672. 

  672. <p>Create a Quad <code>quad</code></p>
    673. 

  673. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    674. 

  674. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    675. 

  675. <li>
    676. 

  676. <p>Set the quad&#8217;s TextureCoordinates to specify the size of the waves</p>
    677. 

  677. </li>
    678. 

  678. </ol>
    679. 

  679. </div>
    680. 

  680. </li>
    681. 

  681. <li>
    682. 

  682. <p>Create a <code>water</code> Geometry from the Quad</p>
    683. 

  683. <div class="olist loweralpha">
    684. 

  684. <ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
    685. 

  685. <li>
    686. 

  686. <p>Set the water&#8217;s translation and rotation (same Y value as Plane above!)</p>
    687. 

  687. </li>
    688. 

  688. <li>
    689. 

  689. <p>Set the water&#8217;s material to the processor&#8217;s output material</p>
    690. 

  690. </li>
    691. 

  691. <li>
    692. 

  692. <p>Attach the <code>water</code> Geometry to the <code>rootNode</code>. (Not to the mainScene!)</p>
    693. 

  693. </li>
    694. 

  694. </ol>
    695. 

  695. </div>
    696. 

  696. </li>
    697. 

  697. </ol>
    698. 

  698. </div>
    699. 

  699. </div>
    700. 

  700. </div>
    701. 

  701. <div class="sect1">
    702. 

  702. <h2 id="sample-code">Sample Code</h2>
    703. 

  703. <div class="sectionbody">
    704. 

  704. <div class="paragraph">
    705. 

  705. <p>The sample code can be found in <code>jme3/src/jme3test/water/TestSimpleWater.java</code> and <code>jme3/src/jme3test/water/TestSceneWater.java</code>.</p>
    706. 

  706. </div>
    707. 

  707. <div class="paragraph">
    708. 

  708. <p>Here is the most important part of the code:</p>
    709. 

  709. </div>
    710. 

  710. <div class="listingblock">
    711. 

  711. <div class="content">
    712. 

  712. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java"><span class="comment">// we create a water processor</span>
    713. 

  713. SimpleWaterProcessor waterProcessor = <span class="keyword">new</span> SimpleWaterProcessor(assetManager);
    714. 

  714. waterProcessor.setReflectionScene(mainScene);
    715. 

  715. 

  716. <span class="comment">// we set the water plane</span>
    717. 

  717. Vector3f waterLocation=<span class="keyword">new</span> Vector3f(<span class="integer">0</span>,-<span class="integer">6</span>,<span class="integer">0</span>);
    718. 

  718. waterProcessor.setPlane(<span class="keyword">new</span> Plane(Vector3f.UNIT_Y, waterLocation.dot(Vector3f.UNIT_Y)));
    719. 

  719. viewPort.addProcessor(waterProcessor);
    720. 

  720. 

  721. <span class="comment">// we set wave properties</span>
    722. 

  722. waterProcessor.setWaterDepth(<span class="integer">40</span>);         <span class="comment">// transparency of water</span>
    723. 

  723. waterProcessor.setDistortionScale(<span class="float">0.05f</span>); <span class="comment">// strength of waves</span>
    724. 

  724. waterProcessor.setWaveSpeed(<span class="float">0.05f</span>);       <span class="comment">// speed of waves</span>
    725. 

  725. 

  726. <span class="comment">// we define the wave size by setting the size of the texture coordinates</span>
    727. 

  727. Quad quad = <span class="keyword">new</span> Quad(<span class="integer">400</span>,<span class="integer">400</span>);
    728. 

  728. quad.scaleTextureCoordinates(<span class="keyword">new</span> Vector2f(<span class="float">6f</span>,<span class="float">6f</span>));
    729. 

  729. 

  730. <span class="comment">// we create the water geometry from the quad</span>
    731. 

  731. Geometry water=<span class="keyword">new</span> Geometry(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span><span class="content">water</span><span class="delimiter">&quot;</span></span>, quad);
    732. 

  732. water.setLocalRotation(<span class="keyword">new</span> Quaternion().fromAngleAxis(-FastMath.HALF_PI, Vector3f.UNIT_X));
    733. 

  733. water.setLocalTranslation(-<span class="integer">200</span>, -<span class="integer">6</span>, <span class="integer">250</span>);
    734. 

  734. water.setShadowMode(ShadowMode.Receive);
    735. 

  735. water.setMaterial(waterProcessor.getMaterial());
    736. 

  736. rootNode.attachChild(water);</code></pre>
    737. 

  737. </div>
    738. 

  738. </div>
    739. 

  739. </div>
    740. 

  740. </div>
    741. 

  741. <div class="sect1">
    742. 

  742. <h2 id="settings">Settings</h2>
    743. 

  743. <div class="sectionbody">
    744. 

  744. <div class="paragraph">
    745. 

  745. <p>You can lower the render size to gain higher performance:</p>
    746. 

  746. </div>
    747. 

  747. <div class="listingblock">
    748. 

  748. <div class="content">
    749. 

  749. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">waterProcessor.setRenderSize(<span class="integer">128</span>,<span class="integer">128</span>);</code></pre>
    750. 

  750. </div>
    751. 

  751. </div>
    752. 

  752. <div class="paragraph">
    753. 

  753. <p>The deeper the water, the more transparent. (?)</p>
    754. 

  754. </div>
    755. 

  755. <div class="listingblock">
    756. 

  756. <div class="content">
    757. 

  757. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">waterProcessor.setWaterDepth(<span class="integer">40</span>);</code></pre>
    758. 

  758. </div>
    759. 

  759. </div>
    760. 

  760. <div class="paragraph">
    761. 

  761. <p>A higher distortion scale makes bigger waves.</p>
    762. 

  762. </div>
    763. 

  763. <div class="listingblock">
    764. 

  764. <div class="content">
    765. 

  765. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">waterProcessor.setDistortionScale(<span class="float">0.05f</span>);</code></pre>
    766. 

  766. </div>
    767. 

  767. </div>
    768. 

  768. <div class="paragraph">
    769. 

  769. <p>A lower wave speed makes calmer water.</p>
    770. 

  770. </div>
    771. 

  771. <div class="listingblock">
    772. 

  772. <div class="content">
    773. 

  773. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">waterProcessor.setWaveSpeed(<span class="float">0.05f</span>);</code></pre>
    774. 

  774. </div>
    775. 

  775. </div>
    776. 

  776. <div class="paragraph">
    777. 

  777. <p>If your scene does not have a lightsource, you can set the light direction for the water:</p>
    778. 

  778. </div>
    779. 

  779. <div class="listingblock">
    780. 

  780. <div class="content">
    781. 

  781. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">waterProcessor.setLightDirection( <span class="keyword">new</span> Vector3f(<span class="float">0.55f</span>, -<span class="float">0.82f</span>, <span class="float">0.15f</span>));</code></pre>
    782. 

  782. </div>
    783. 

  783. </div>
    784. 

  784. <div class="paragraph">
    785. 

  785. <p>Instead of creating a quad and specifying a plane, you can get a default waterplane from the processor:</p>
    786. 

  786. </div>
    787. 

  787. <div class="listingblock">
    788. 

  788. <div class="content">
    789. 

  789. <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">Geometry waterPlane = waterProcessor.createWaterGeometry(<span class="integer">10</span>, <span class="integer">10</span>);
    790. 

  790. waterPlane.setLocalTranslation(-<span class="integer">5</span>, <span class="integer">0</span>, <span class="integer">5</span>);
    791. 

  791. waterPlane.setMaterial(waterProcessor.getMaterial());</code></pre>
    792. 

  792. </div>
    793. 

  793. </div>
    794. 

  794. <div class="paragraph">
    795. 

  795. <p>You can offer a switch to set the water Material to a static texture – for users with slow PCs.</p>
    796. 

  796. </div>
    797. 

  797. </div>
    798. 

  798. </div>
    799. 

  799. </div>
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  800. <div id="footer">
    801. 

  801. <div id="footer-text">
    802. 

  802. Version <br>
    803. 

  803. Last updated 2016-06-05 15:58:32 UTC
    804. 

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