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<h1 class="page">jMonkeyEngine 3 Tutorial (1) - Hello SimpleApplication</h1>
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Prerequisites:</strong> This tutorial assumes that you have <a href="../../documentation.html#install" class="xref page">downloaded the jMonkeyEngine SDK</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In this tutorial series, we assume that you use the jMonkeyEngine <a href="../../sdk/sdk.html" class="xref page">SDK</a>. As an intermediate or advanced Java developer, you will quickly see that, in general, you can develop jMonkeyEngine code in any integrated development environment (NetBeans IDE, Eclipse, IntelliJ) or even from the <a href="../../getting-started/simpleapplication_from_the_commandline.html" class="xref page">command line</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>OK, let&#8217;s get ready to create our first jMonkeyEngine3 application.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="create-a-project"><a class="anchor" href="#create-a-project"></a>Create a project</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In the jMonkeyEngine SDK:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Choose <code><span class="menuseq"><b class="menu">File</b>&#160;<i class="fa fa-angle-right caret"></i> <b class="menuitem">New Project</b></span></code> from the main menu.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In the New Project wizard, select the template <code><span class="menuseq"><b class="menu">JME3</b>&#160;<i class="fa fa-angle-right caret"></i> <b class="menuitem">Basic Game</b></span></code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Click <b class="button">Next</b>.</p>
<div class="olist loweralpha">
<ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
<li>
<p>Specify a project name, e.g. &#8220;HelloWorldTutorial&#8221;.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Specify a path where to store your new project, e.g. a <code>jMonkeyProjects</code> directory in your home directory.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Click <b class="button">Finish</b>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This will create a basic jme3 application for an easy start with jme3. You can click the run button to run it: You will see a blue cube.
If you have questions, read more about <a href="../../sdk/project_creation.html" class="xref page">Project Creation</a> here.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>We recommend to go through the steps yourself, as described in the tutorials. Alternatively, you can create a project based on the <a href="../../sdk/sample_code.html" class="xref page">JmeTests</a> template in the jMonkeyEngine SDK. It will create a project that already contains the <code>jme3test.helloworld</code> samples (and many others). For example, you can use the JmeTests project to verify whether you got the solution right.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="extend-simpleapplication"><a class="anchor" href="#extend-simpleapplication"></a>Extend SimpleApplication</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For this tutorial, you need a jme3test.helloworld package in your project, with the file HelloJME3.java in it.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In the jMonkeyEngine SDK:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>In the <code>Source Packages</code> node of your project, <b class="button">RMB</b> select the &#8220;mygame&#8221; package.</p>
<div class="olist loweralpha">
<ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
<li>
<p>Choose: <code><span class="menuseq"><b class="menu">Refactor</b>&#160;<i class="fa fa-angle-right caret"></i> <b class="menuitem">Rename</b></span></code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Enter the New Name: <code>jme3test.helloworld</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Click <b class="button">Refactor</b> when ready.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>In the newly refactored package, <b class="button">RMB</b> select the <code>Main.java</code> class.</p>
<div class="olist loweralpha">
<ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
<li>
<p>Choose: <code><span class="menuseq"><b class="menu">Refactor</b>&#160;<i class="fa fa-angle-right caret"></i> <b class="menuitem">Rename</b></span></code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Enter the New Name: <code>HelloJME3</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Click <b class="button">Refactor</b> when ready.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You follow this same basic procedure for the remaining tutorials.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
The remaining tutorials all use the same <code>jme3test.helloworld</code> package. Just refactor the &#8220;Main.java&#8221; class name to the tutorial examples class name rather than creating a new project for each.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="code-sample"><a class="anchor" href="#code-sample"></a>Code Sample</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Replace the contents of the HelloJME3.java file with the following code.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">package jme3test.helloworld;

import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
import com.jme3.material.Material;
import com.jme3.scene.Geometry;
import com.jme3.scene.shape.Box;
import com.jme3.math.ColorRGBA;

/** Sample 1 - how to get started with the most simple JME 3 application.
 * Display a blue 3D cube and view from all sides by
 * moving the mouse and pressing the WASD keys. */
public class HelloJME3 extends SimpleApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        HelloJME3 app = new HelloJME3();
        app.start(); // start the game
    }

    @Override
    public void simpleInitApp() {
        Box b = new Box(1, 1, 1); // create cube shape
        Geometry geom = new Geometry("Box", b);  // create cube geometry from the shape
        Material mat = new Material(assetManager,
          "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");  // create a simple material
        mat.setColor("Color", ColorRGBA.Blue);   // set color of material to blue
        geom.setMaterial(mat);                   // set the cube's material
        rootNode.attachChild(geom);              // make the cube appear in the scene
    }
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><b class="button">RMB</b> select the <code>HelloJME3</code> class and choose <code>Run</code>. If a jME3 settings dialog pops up, confirm the default settings.</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>You should see a simple window displaying a 3D cube.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Press the <kbd>W</kbd> <kbd>A</kbd> <kbd>S</kbd> <kbd>D</kbd> keys and move the mouse to navigate around.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Look at the FPS text and object count information in the bottom left. You will use this information during development, and you will remove it for the release. (To read the numbers correctly, consider that the 14 lines of text counts as 14 objects with 914 vertices.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Press <kbd>Esc</kbd>  to close the application.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Congratulations! Now let&#8217;s find out how it works!</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="understanding-the-code"><a class="anchor" href="#understanding-the-code"></a>Understanding the Code</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The code above has initialized the scene, and started the application.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="start-the-simpleapplication"><a class="anchor" href="#start-the-simpleapplication"></a>Start the SimpleApplication</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Look at the first line. Your HelloJME3.java class extends <code>com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public class HelloJME3 extends SimpleApplication {
  // your code...
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Every JME3 game is an instance of the <code>com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication</code> class. The SimpleApplication class is the simplest example of an application: It manages a 3D scene graph, checks for user input, updates the game state, and automatically draws the scene to the screen. These are the core features of a game engine. You extend this simple application and customize it to create your game.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You start every JME3 game from the main() method, as every standard Java application:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Instantiate your <code>SimpleApplication</code>-based class</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Call the application&#8217;s <code>start()</code> method to start the game engine.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">    public static void main(String[] args){
        HelloJME3 app = new HelloJME3(); // instantiate the game
        app.start();                     // start the game!
    }</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <code>app.start();</code> line opens the application window. Let&#8217;s learn how you put something into this window (the scene) next.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="understanding-the-terminology"><a class="anchor" href="#understanding-the-terminology"></a>Understanding the Terminology</h3>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%;">
<col style="width: 50%;">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">What you want to do</th>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">How you say that in JME3 terminology</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>You want to create a cube.</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>I create a Geometry with a 1x1x1 Box shape.</p>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>You want to use a blue color.</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>I create a Material with a blue Color property.</p>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>You want to colorize the cube blue.</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>I set the Material of the Box Geometry.</p>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>You want to add the cube to the scene.</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>I attach the Box Geometry to the rootNode.</p>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>You want the cube to appear in the center.</p>
</div></div></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><div class="content"><div class="paragraph">
<p>I create the Box at the origin = at <code>Vector3f.ZERO</code>.</p>
</div></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you are unfamiliar with the vocabulary, read more about <a href="../concepts/the_scene_graph.html" class="xref page">the Scene Graph</a> here.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="initialize-the-scene"><a class="anchor" href="#initialize-the-scene"></a>Initialize the Scene</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Look at rest of the code sample. The <code>simpleInitApp()</code> method is automatically called once at the beginning when the application starts. Every JME3 game must have this method. In the <code>simpleInitApp()</code> method, you load game objects before the game starts.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">    public void simpleInitApp() {
       // your initialization code...
    }</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The initialization code of a blue cube looks as follows:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">    public void simpleInitApp() {
        Box b = new Box(1, 1, 1); // create a 1x1x1 box shape
        Geometry geom = new Geometry("Box", b);  // create a cube geometry from the box shape
        Material mat = new Material(assetManager,
          "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");  // create a simple material
        mat.setColor("Color", ColorRGBA.Blue);   // set color of material to blue
        geom.setMaterial(mat);                   // set the cube geometry 's material
        rootNode.attachChild(geom);              // make the cube geometry appear in the scene
    }</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A typical JME3 game has the following initialization process:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>You initialize game objects:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>You create or load objects and position them.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>You make objects appear in the scene by attaching them to the <code>rootNode</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Examples:</strong> Load player, terrain, sky, enemies, obstacles, …, and place them in their start positions.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>You initialize variables:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>You create variables to track the game state.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>You set variables to their start values.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Examples:</strong> Set the <code>score</code> to 0, set <code>health</code> to 100%, …</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>You initialize keys and mouse actions:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>The following input bindings are pre-configured:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p><kbd>W</kbd> <kbd>A</kbd> <kbd>S</kbd> <kbd>D</kbd> keys – Move around in the scene</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Mouse movement and arrow keys – Turn the camera</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><kbd>Esc</kbd>  key – Quit the game</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Define your own additional keys and mouse click actions.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Examples:</strong> Click to shoot, press <kbd>Space</kbd> to jump, …</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="the-future-of-simpleapplication"><a class="anchor" href="#the-future-of-simpleapplication"></a>The Future of SimpleApplication</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>There are plans to change SimpleApplication. Sometime back it was decided that we should really re-factor the Application class. SimpleApplication especially is a mess of &#8220;magic&#8221; protected fields that on the one hand makes it really easy to slam some simple one-class application together, but on the other hand does new users no favors because they have no idea where 'cam' and 'assetManager' come from. Unfortunately, lots of code refers to Application and it&#8217;s tough to change&#8230;&#8203; especially the app states.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>So, we hatched a plan to convert the Application class to an interface. This would give us some freedom to iterate on a new set of application base classes. You can read about the changes <a href="https://hub.jmonkeyengine.org/t/jmonkeyengine-3-1-alpha-4-released/35478">here</a>. As said before we are envisioning a better design that is not enforced today, but that is already usable.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you look at SimpleApplication default constructor you will understand how it works.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public SimpleApplication() {
    this(new StatsAppState(), new FlyCamAppState(), new AudioListenerState(), new DebugKeysAppState());}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Basically the application is injected upon construction with the default AppStates. Let&#8217;s look at the second constructor.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public SimpleApplication( AppState... initialStates ) {
    super(initialStates);
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It allows you to specify what AppState you want for your application. So SimpleApplication is handy for test projects (I very often use it as is) but I recommend for a full blown-game to use it like this:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public class MyGame extends SimpleApplication {

    public MyGame(){
         super(new MyCustomState(), new AnotherState(), ....);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyGame app = new MyGame();
        app.start();
    }

}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Then have all logic implemented in <a href="../../core/app/state/application_states.html" class="xref page">AppStates</a> and your SimpleApplication will never change much, except when you want to add a bootstrap AppState (or maybe you can have an AppState that manages AppStates&#8230;&#8203;), SimpleApplication is just the list of states you are using.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In future versions, all the code in SimpleApplication will be refactored in AppStates (InputHandlingState, RenderAppState, whatever) and you will decide what you want to use. However, for legacy sake we kept the code as is for now.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you follow this recommendation, when the changes are finalized, you will only need to do a few things different from now to make your old apps work and to create new ones.</p>
</div>
<div class="olist loweralpha">
<ol class="loweralpha" type="a">
<li>
<p>Extend BaseApplication rather than SimpleApplication when creating new apps.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Update your existing apps by changing SimpleApplication to BaseApplication in your main class.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Change any references you have made to SimpleApplication&#8217;s protected fields.</p>
<div class="openblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For example, rather than turning off the FlyCam() like so,</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">flyCam.setEnabled(false);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You would just leave the statement <code>new FlyCamAppState()</code> out of the constructor instead.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>SimpleApplication will be around for some time as it will take time for people to migrate to BaseApplication, but AppStates make life easier anyway so you may as well start using them.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="conclusion"><a class="anchor" href="#conclusion"></a>Conclusion</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You have learned that a SimpleApplication is a good starting point because it provides you with:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>A <code>simpleInitApp()</code> method where you create objects.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A <code>rootNode</code> where you attach objects to make them appear in the scene.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Useful default input settings that you can use for navigation in the scene.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When developing a game application, you want to:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Initialize the game scene</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Trigger game actions</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Respond to user input.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>See also:</strong></p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="../../sdk/project_creation.html" class="xref page">Create a JME3 project</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
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