three.js/src/renderers/WebGLRenderer.js

import {
	REVISION,
	RGBAFormat,
	HalfFloatType,
	FloatType,
	UnsignedByteType,
	TriangleFanDrawMode,
	TriangleStripDrawMode,
	TrianglesDrawMode,
	LinearToneMapping,
	BackSide
} from '../constants.js';
import { _Math } from '../math/Math.js';
import { DataTexture } from '../textures/DataTexture.js';
import { Frustum } from '../math/Frustum.js';
import { Matrix4 } from '../math/Matrix4.js';
import { ShaderLib } from './shaders/ShaderLib.js';
import { UniformsLib } from './shaders/UniformsLib.js';
import { cloneUniforms } from './shaders/UniformsUtils.js';
import { Vector3 } from '../math/Vector3.js';
import { Vector4 } from '../math/Vector4.js';
import { WebGLAnimation } from './webgl/WebGLAnimation.js';
import { WebGLAttributes } from './webgl/WebGLAttributes.js';
import { WebGLBackground } from './webgl/WebGLBackground.js';
import { WebGLBufferRenderer } from './webgl/WebGLBufferRenderer.js';
import { WebGLCapabilities } from './webgl/WebGLCapabilities.js';
import { WebGLClipping } from './webgl/WebGLClipping.js';
import { WebGLExtensions } from './webgl/WebGLExtensions.js';
import { WebGLGeometries } from './webgl/WebGLGeometries.js';
import { WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer } from './webgl/WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer.js';
import { WebGLInfo } from './webgl/WebGLInfo.js';
import { WebGLMorphtargets } from './webgl/WebGLMorphtargets.js';
import { WebGLObjects } from './webgl/WebGLObjects.js';
import { WebGLPrograms } from './webgl/WebGLPrograms.js';
import { WebGLProperties } from './webgl/WebGLProperties.js';
import { WebGLRenderLists } from './webgl/WebGLRenderLists.js';
import { WebGLRenderStates } from './webgl/WebGLRenderStates.js';
import { WebGLShadowMap } from './webgl/WebGLShadowMap.js';
import { WebGLState } from './webgl/WebGLState.js';
import { WebGLTextures } from './webgl/WebGLTextures.js';
import { WebGLUniforms } from './webgl/WebGLUniforms.js';
import { WebGLUtils } from './webgl/WebGLUtils.js';
import { WebVRManager } from './webvr/WebVRManager.js';
import { WebXRManager } from './webvr/WebXRManager.js';

/**
 * @author supereggbert / http://www.paulbrunt.co.uk/
 * @author mrdoob / http://mrdoob.com/
 * @author alteredq / http://alteredqualia.com/
 * @author szimek / https://github.com/szimek/
 * @author tschw
 */

function WebGLRenderer( parameters ) {

	console.log( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer', REVISION );

	parameters = parameters || {};

	var _canvas = parameters.canvas !== undefined ? parameters.canvas : document.createElementNS( 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml', 'canvas' ),
		_context = parameters.context !== undefined ? parameters.context : null,

		_alpha = parameters.alpha !== undefined ? parameters.alpha : false,
		_depth = parameters.depth !== undefined ? parameters.depth : true,
		_stencil = parameters.stencil !== undefined ? parameters.stencil : true,
		_antialias = parameters.antialias !== undefined ? parameters.antialias : false,
		_premultipliedAlpha = parameters.premultipliedAlpha !== undefined ? parameters.premultipliedAlpha : true,
		_preserveDrawingBuffer = parameters.preserveDrawingBuffer !== undefined ? parameters.preserveDrawingBuffer : false,
		_powerPreference = parameters.powerPreference !== undefined ? parameters.powerPreference : 'default';

	var currentRenderList = null;
	var currentRenderState = null;

	// public properties

	this.domElement = _canvas;
	this.context = null;

	// clearing

	this.autoClear = true;
	this.autoClearColor = true;
	this.autoClearDepth = true;
	this.autoClearStencil = true;

	// scene graph

	this.sortObjects = true;

	// user-defined clipping

	this.clippingPlanes = [];
	this.localClippingEnabled = false;

	// physically based shading

	this.gammaFactor = 2.0;	// for backwards compatibility
	this.gammaInput = false;
	this.gammaOutput = false;

	// physical lights

	this.physicallyCorrectLights = false;

	// tone mapping

	this.toneMapping = LinearToneMapping;
	this.toneMappingExposure = 1.0;
	this.toneMappingWhitePoint = 1.0;

	// morphs

	this.maxMorphTargets = 8;
	this.maxMorphNormals = 4;

	// internal properties

	var _this = this,

		_isContextLost = false,

		// internal state cache

		_framebuffer = null,

		_currentRenderTarget = null,
		_currentFramebuffer = null,
		_currentMaterialId = - 1,

		// geometry and program caching

		_currentGeometryProgram = {
			geometry: null,
			program: null,
			wireframe: false
		},

		_currentCamera = null,
		_currentArrayCamera = null,

		_currentViewport = new Vector4(),
		_currentScissor = new Vector4(),
		_currentScissorTest = null,

		//

		_usedTextureUnits = 0,

		//

		_width = _canvas.width,
		_height = _canvas.height,

		_pixelRatio = 1,

		_viewport = new Vector4( 0, 0, _width, _height ),
		_scissor = new Vector4( 0, 0, _width, _height ),
		_scissorTest = false,

		// frustum

		_frustum = new Frustum(),

		// clipping

		_clipping = new WebGLClipping(),
		_clippingEnabled = false,
		_localClippingEnabled = false,

		// camera matrices cache

		_projScreenMatrix = new Matrix4(),

		_vector3 = new Vector3();

	function getTargetPixelRatio() {

		return _currentRenderTarget === null ? _pixelRatio : 1;

	}

	// initialize

	var _gl;

	try {

		var contextAttributes = {
			alpha: _alpha,
			depth: _depth,
			stencil: _stencil,
			antialias: _antialias,
			premultipliedAlpha: _premultipliedAlpha,
			preserveDrawingBuffer: _preserveDrawingBuffer,
			powerPreference: _powerPreference
		};

		// event listeners must be registered before WebGL context is created, see #12753

		_canvas.addEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', onContextLost, false );
		_canvas.addEventListener( 'webglcontextrestored', onContextRestore, false );

		_gl = _context || _canvas.getContext( 'webgl', contextAttributes ) || _canvas.getContext( 'experimental-webgl', contextAttributes );

		if ( _gl === null ) {

			if ( _canvas.getContext( 'webgl' ) !== null ) {

				throw new Error( 'Error creating WebGL context with your selected attributes.' );

			} else {

				throw new Error( 'Error creating WebGL context.' );

			}

		}

		// Some experimental-webgl implementations do not have getShaderPrecisionFormat

		if ( _gl.getShaderPrecisionFormat === undefined ) {

			_gl.getShaderPrecisionFormat = function () {

				return { 'rangeMin': 1, 'rangeMax': 1, 'precision': 1 };

			};

		}

	} catch ( error ) {

		console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: ' + error.message );

	}

	var extensions, capabilities, state, info;
	var properties, textures, attributes, geometries, objects;
	var programCache, renderLists, renderStates;

	var background, morphtargets, bufferRenderer, indexedBufferRenderer;

	var utils;

	function initGLContext() {

		extensions = new WebGLExtensions( _gl );

		capabilities = new WebGLCapabilities( _gl, extensions, parameters );

		if ( ! capabilities.isWebGL2 ) {

			extensions.get( 'WEBGL_depth_texture' );
			extensions.get( 'OES_texture_float' );
			extensions.get( 'OES_texture_half_float' );
			extensions.get( 'OES_texture_half_float_linear' );
			extensions.get( 'OES_standard_derivatives' );
			extensions.get( 'OES_element_index_uint' );
			extensions.get( 'ANGLE_instanced_arrays' );

		}

		extensions.get( 'OES_texture_float_linear' );

		utils = new WebGLUtils( _gl, extensions, capabilities );

		state = new WebGLState( _gl, extensions, utils, capabilities );
		state.scissor( _currentScissor.copy( _scissor ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ) );
		state.viewport( _currentViewport.copy( _viewport ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ) );

		info = new WebGLInfo( _gl );
		properties = new WebGLProperties();
		textures = new WebGLTextures( _gl, extensions, state, properties, capabilities, utils, info );
		attributes = new WebGLAttributes( _gl );
		geometries = new WebGLGeometries( _gl, attributes, info );
		objects = new WebGLObjects( geometries, info );
		morphtargets = new WebGLMorphtargets( _gl );
		programCache = new WebGLPrograms( _this, extensions, capabilities );
		renderLists = new WebGLRenderLists();
		renderStates = new WebGLRenderStates();

		background = new WebGLBackground( _this, state, objects, _premultipliedAlpha );

		bufferRenderer = new WebGLBufferRenderer( _gl, extensions, info, capabilities );
		indexedBufferRenderer = new WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer( _gl, extensions, info, capabilities );

		info.programs = programCache.programs;

		_this.context = _gl;
		_this.capabilities = capabilities;
		_this.extensions = extensions;
		_this.properties = properties;
		_this.renderLists = renderLists;
		_this.state = state;
		_this.info = info;

	}

	initGLContext();

	// vr

	var vr = null;

	if ( typeof navigator !== 'undefined' ) {

		vr = ( 'xr' in navigator ) ? new WebXRManager( _this ) : new WebVRManager( _this );

	}

	this.vr = vr;

	// shadow map

	var shadowMap = new WebGLShadowMap( _this, objects, capabilities.maxTextureSize );

	this.shadowMap = shadowMap;

	// API

	this.getContext = function () {

		return _gl;

	};

	this.getContextAttributes = function () {

		return _gl.getContextAttributes();

	};

	this.forceContextLoss = function () {

		var extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_lose_context' );
		if ( extension ) extension.loseContext();

	};

	this.forceContextRestore = function () {

		var extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_lose_context' );
		if ( extension ) extension.restoreContext();

	};

	this.getPixelRatio = function () {

		return _pixelRatio;

	};

	this.setPixelRatio = function ( value ) {

		if ( value === undefined ) return;

		_pixelRatio = value;

		this.setSize( _width, _height, false );

	};

	this.getSize = function () {

		return {
			width: _width,
			height: _height
		};

	};

	this.setSize = function ( width, height, updateStyle ) {

		if ( vr.isPresenting() ) {

			console.warn( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: Can\'t change size while VR device is presenting.' );
			return;

		}

		_width = width;
		_height = height;

		_canvas.width = width * _pixelRatio;
		_canvas.height = height * _pixelRatio;

		if ( updateStyle !== false ) {

			_canvas.style.width = width + 'px';
			_canvas.style.height = height + 'px';

		}

		this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );

	};

	this.getDrawingBufferSize = function () {

		return {
			width: _width * _pixelRatio,
			height: _height * _pixelRatio
		};

	};

	this.setDrawingBufferSize = function ( width, height, pixelRatio ) {

		_width = width;
		_height = height;

		_pixelRatio = pixelRatio;

		_canvas.width = width * pixelRatio;
		_canvas.height = height * pixelRatio;

		this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );

	};

	this.getCurrentViewport = function () {

		return _currentViewport;

	};

	this.setViewport = function ( x, y, width, height ) {

		_viewport.set( x, _height - y - height, width, height );
		state.viewport( _currentViewport.copy( _viewport ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ) );

	};

	this.setScissor = function ( x, y, width, height ) {

		_scissor.set( x, _height - y - height, width, height );
		state.scissor( _currentScissor.copy( _scissor ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ) );

	};

	this.setScissorTest = function ( boolean ) {

		state.setScissorTest( _scissorTest = boolean );

	};

	// Clearing

	this.getClearColor = function () {

		return background.getClearColor();

	};

	this.setClearColor = function () {

		background.setClearColor.apply( background, arguments );

	};

	this.getClearAlpha = function () {

		return background.getClearAlpha();

	};

	this.setClearAlpha = function () {

		background.setClearAlpha.apply( background, arguments );

	};

	this.clear = function ( color, depth, stencil ) {

		var bits = 0;

		if ( color === undefined || color ) bits |= _gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;
		if ( depth === undefined || depth ) bits |= _gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
		if ( stencil === undefined || stencil ) bits |= _gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;

		_gl.clear( bits );

	};

	this.clearColor = function () {

		this.clear( true, false, false );

	};

	this.clearDepth = function () {

		this.clear( false, true, false );

	};

	this.clearStencil = function () {

		this.clear( false, false, true );

	};

	//

	this.dispose = function () {

		_canvas.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', onContextLost, false );
		_canvas.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextrestored', onContextRestore, false );

		renderLists.dispose();
		renderStates.dispose();
		properties.dispose();
		objects.dispose();

		vr.dispose();

		animation.stop();

	};

	// Events

	function onContextLost( event ) {

		event.preventDefault();

		console.log( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: Context Lost.' );

		_isContextLost = true;

	}

	function onContextRestore( /* event */ ) {

		console.log( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: Context Restored.' );

		_isContextLost = false;

		initGLContext();

	}

	function onMaterialDispose( event ) {

		var material = event.target;

		material.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onMaterialDispose );

		deallocateMaterial( material );

	}

	// Buffer deallocation

	function deallocateMaterial( material ) {

		releaseMaterialProgramReference( material );

		properties.remove( material );

	}


	function releaseMaterialProgramReference( material ) {

		var programInfo = properties.get( material ).program;

		material.program = undefined;

		if ( programInfo !== undefined ) {

			programCache.releaseProgram( programInfo );

		}

	}

	// Buffer rendering

	function renderObjectImmediate( object, program ) {

		object.render( function ( object ) {

			_this.renderBufferImmediate( object, program );

		} );

	}

	this.renderBufferImmediate = function ( object, program ) {

		state.initAttributes();

		var buffers = properties.get( object );

		if ( object.hasPositions && ! buffers.position ) buffers.position = _gl.createBuffer();
		if ( object.hasNormals && ! buffers.normal ) buffers.normal = _gl.createBuffer();
		if ( object.hasUvs && ! buffers.uv ) buffers.uv = _gl.createBuffer();
		if ( object.hasColors && ! buffers.color ) buffers.color = _gl.createBuffer();

		var programAttributes = program.getAttributes();

		if ( object.hasPositions ) {

			_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.position );
			_gl.bufferData( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, object.positionArray, _gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

			state.enableAttribute( programAttributes.position );
			_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttributes.position, 3, _gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0 );

		}

		if ( object.hasNormals ) {

			_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.normal );
			_gl.bufferData( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, object.normalArray, _gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

			state.enableAttribute( programAttributes.normal );
			_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttributes.normal, 3, _gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0 );

		}

		if ( object.hasUvs ) {

			_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.uv );
			_gl.bufferData( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, object.uvArray, _gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

			state.enableAttribute( programAttributes.uv );
			_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttributes.uv, 2, _gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0 );

		}

		if ( object.hasColors ) {

			_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.color );
			_gl.bufferData( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, object.colorArray, _gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

			state.enableAttribute( programAttributes.color );
			_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttributes.color, 3, _gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0 );

		}

		state.disableUnusedAttributes();

		_gl.drawArrays( _gl.TRIANGLES, 0, object.count );

		object.count = 0;

	};

	this.renderBufferDirect = function ( camera, fog, geometry, material, object, group ) {

		var frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.normalMatrix.determinant() < 0 );

		state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW );

		var program = setProgram( camera, fog, material, object );

		var updateBuffers = false;

		if ( _currentGeometryProgram.geometry !== geometry.id ||
			_currentGeometryProgram.program !== program.id ||
			_currentGeometryProgram.wireframe !== ( material.wireframe === true ) ) {

			_currentGeometryProgram.geometry = geometry.id;
			_currentGeometryProgram.program = program.id;
			_currentGeometryProgram.wireframe = material.wireframe === true;
			updateBuffers = true;

		}

		if ( object.morphTargetInfluences ) {

			morphtargets.update( object, geometry, material, program );

			updateBuffers = true;

		}

		//

		var index = geometry.index;
		var position = geometry.attributes.position;
		var rangeFactor = 1;

		if ( material.wireframe === true ) {

			index = geometries.getWireframeAttribute( geometry );
			rangeFactor = 2;

		}

		var attribute;
		var renderer = bufferRenderer;

		if ( index !== null ) {

			attribute = attributes.get( index );

			renderer = indexedBufferRenderer;
			renderer.setIndex( attribute );

		}

		if ( updateBuffers ) {

			setupVertexAttributes( material, program, geometry );

			if ( index !== null ) {

				_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, attribute.buffer );

			}

		}

		//

		var dataCount = Infinity;

		if ( index !== null ) {

			dataCount = index.count;

		} else if ( position !== undefined ) {

			dataCount = position.count;

		}

		var rangeStart = geometry.drawRange.start * rangeFactor;
		var rangeCount = geometry.drawRange.count * rangeFactor;

		var groupStart = group !== null ? group.start * rangeFactor : 0;
		var groupCount = group !== null ? group.count * rangeFactor : Infinity;

		var drawStart = Math.max( rangeStart, groupStart );
		var drawEnd = Math.min( dataCount, rangeStart + rangeCount, groupStart + groupCount ) - 1;

		var drawCount = Math.max( 0, drawEnd - drawStart + 1 );

		if ( drawCount === 0 ) return;

		//

		if ( object.isMesh ) {

			if ( material.wireframe === true ) {

				state.setLineWidth( material.wireframeLinewidth * getTargetPixelRatio() );
				renderer.setMode( _gl.LINES );

			} else {

				switch ( object.drawMode ) {

					case TrianglesDrawMode:
						renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLES );
						break;

					case TriangleStripDrawMode:
						renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLE_STRIP );
						break;

					case TriangleFanDrawMode:
						renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLE_FAN );
						break;

				}

			}


		} else if ( object.isLine ) {

			var lineWidth = material.linewidth;

			if ( lineWidth === undefined ) lineWidth = 1; // Not using Line*Material

			state.setLineWidth( lineWidth * getTargetPixelRatio() );

			if ( object.isLineSegments ) {

				renderer.setMode( _gl.LINES );

			} else if ( object.isLineLoop ) {

				renderer.setMode( _gl.LINE_LOOP );

			} else {

				renderer.setMode( _gl.LINE_STRIP );

			}

		} else if ( object.isPoints ) {

			renderer.setMode( _gl.POINTS );

		} else if ( object.isSprite ) {

			renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLES );

		}

		if ( geometry && geometry.isInstancedBufferGeometry ) {

			if ( geometry.maxInstancedCount > 0 ) {

				renderer.renderInstances( geometry, drawStart, drawCount );

			}

		} else {

			renderer.render( drawStart, drawCount );

		}

	};

	function setupVertexAttributes( material, program, geometry ) {

		if ( geometry && geometry.isInstancedBufferGeometry & ! capabilities.isWebGL2 ) {

			if ( extensions.get( 'ANGLE_instanced_arrays' ) === null ) {

				console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.setupVertexAttributes: using THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry but hardware does not support extension ANGLE_instanced_arrays.' );
				return;

			}

		}

		state.initAttributes();

		var geometryAttributes = geometry.attributes;

		var programAttributes = program.getAttributes();

		var materialDefaultAttributeValues = material.defaultAttributeValues;

		for ( var name in programAttributes ) {

			var programAttribute = programAttributes[ name ];

			if ( programAttribute >= 0 ) {

				var geometryAttribute = geometryAttributes[ name ];

				if ( geometryAttribute !== undefined ) {

					var normalized = geometryAttribute.normalized;
					var size = geometryAttribute.itemSize;

					var attribute = attributes.get( geometryAttribute );

					// TODO Attribute may not be available on context restore

					if ( attribute === undefined ) continue;

					var buffer = attribute.buffer;
					var type = attribute.type;
					var bytesPerElement = attribute.bytesPerElement;

					if ( geometryAttribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {

						var data = geometryAttribute.data;
						var stride = data.stride;
						var offset = geometryAttribute.offset;

						if ( data && data.isInstancedInterleavedBuffer ) {

							state.enableAttributeAndDivisor( programAttribute, data.meshPerAttribute );

							if ( geometry.maxInstancedCount === undefined ) {

								geometry.maxInstancedCount = data.meshPerAttribute * data.count;

							}

						} else {

							state.enableAttribute( programAttribute );

						}

						_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer );
						_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttribute, size, type, normalized, stride * bytesPerElement, offset * bytesPerElement );

					} else {

						if ( geometryAttribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

							state.enableAttributeAndDivisor( programAttribute, geometryAttribute.meshPerAttribute );

							if ( geometry.maxInstancedCount === undefined ) {

								geometry.maxInstancedCount = geometryAttribute.meshPerAttribute * geometryAttribute.count;

							}

						} else {

							state.enableAttribute( programAttribute );

						}

						_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer );
						_gl.vertexAttribPointer( programAttribute, size, type, normalized, 0, 0 );

					}

				} else if ( materialDefaultAttributeValues !== undefined ) {

					var value = materialDefaultAttributeValues[ name ];

					if ( value !== undefined ) {

						switch ( value.length ) {

							case 2:
								_gl.vertexAttrib2fv( programAttribute, value );
								break;

							case 3:
								_gl.vertexAttrib3fv( programAttribute, value );
								break;

							case 4:
								_gl.vertexAttrib4fv( programAttribute, value );
								break;

							default:
								_gl.vertexAttrib1fv( programAttribute, value );

						}

					}

				}

			}

		}

		state.disableUnusedAttributes();

	}

	// Compile

	this.compile = function ( scene, camera ) {

		currentRenderState = renderStates.get( scene, camera );
		currentRenderState.init();

		scene.traverse( function ( object ) {

			if ( object.isLight ) {

				currentRenderState.pushLight( object );

				if ( object.castShadow ) {

					currentRenderState.pushShadow( object );

				}

			}

		} );

		currentRenderState.setupLights( camera );

		scene.traverse( function ( object ) {

			if ( object.material ) {

				if ( Array.isArray( object.material ) ) {

					for ( var i = 0; i < object.material.length; i ++ ) {

						initMaterial( object.material[ i ], scene.fog, object );

					}

				} else {

					initMaterial( object.material, scene.fog, object );

				}

			}

		} );

	};

	// Animation Loop

	var onAnimationFrameCallback = null;

	function onAnimationFrame( time ) {

		if ( vr.isPresenting() ) return;
		if ( onAnimationFrameCallback ) onAnimationFrameCallback( time );

	}

	var animation = new WebGLAnimation();
	animation.setAnimationLoop( onAnimationFrame );

	if ( typeof window !== 'undefined' ) animation.setContext( window );

	this.setAnimationLoop = function ( callback ) {

		onAnimationFrameCallback = callback;
		vr.setAnimationLoop( callback );

		animation.start();

	};

	// Rendering

	this.render = function ( scene, camera, renderTarget, forceClear ) {

		if ( ! ( camera && camera.isCamera ) ) {

			console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.render: camera is not an instance of THREE.Camera.' );
			return;

		}

		if ( _isContextLost ) return;

		// reset caching for this frame

		_currentGeometryProgram.geometry = null;
		_currentGeometryProgram.program = null;
		_currentGeometryProgram.wireframe = false;
		_currentMaterialId = - 1;
		_currentCamera = null;

		// update scene graph

		if ( scene.autoUpdate === true ) scene.updateMatrixWorld();

		// update camera matrices and frustum

		if ( camera.parent === null ) camera.updateMatrixWorld();

		if ( vr.enabled ) {

			camera = vr.getCamera( camera );

		}

		//

		currentRenderState = renderStates.get( scene, camera );
		currentRenderState.init();

		scene.onBeforeRender( _this, scene, camera, renderTarget );

		_projScreenMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse );
		_frustum.setFromMatrix( _projScreenMatrix );

		_localClippingEnabled = this.localClippingEnabled;
		_clippingEnabled = _clipping.init( this.clippingPlanes, _localClippingEnabled, camera );

		currentRenderList = renderLists.get( scene, camera );
		currentRenderList.init();

		projectObject( scene, camera, 0, _this.sortObjects );

		if ( _this.sortObjects === true ) {

			currentRenderList.sort();

		}

		//

		if ( _clippingEnabled ) _clipping.beginShadows();

		var shadowsArray = currentRenderState.state.shadowsArray;

		shadowMap.render( shadowsArray, scene, camera );

		currentRenderState.setupLights( camera );

		if ( _clippingEnabled ) _clipping.endShadows();

		//

		if ( this.info.autoReset ) this.info.reset();

		if ( renderTarget === undefined ) {

			renderTarget = null;

		}

		this.setRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		//

		background.render( currentRenderList, scene, camera, forceClear );

		// render scene

		var opaqueObjects = currentRenderList.opaque;
		var transparentObjects = currentRenderList.transparent;

		if ( scene.overrideMaterial ) {

			var overrideMaterial = scene.overrideMaterial;

			if ( opaqueObjects.length ) renderObjects( opaqueObjects, scene, camera, overrideMaterial );
			if ( transparentObjects.length ) renderObjects( transparentObjects, scene, camera, overrideMaterial );

		} else {

			// opaque pass (front-to-back order)

			if ( opaqueObjects.length ) renderObjects( opaqueObjects, scene, camera );

			// transparent pass (back-to-front order)

			if ( transparentObjects.length ) renderObjects( transparentObjects, scene, camera );

		}

		//

		if ( renderTarget ) {

			// Generate mipmap if we're using any kind of mipmap filtering

			textures.updateRenderTargetMipmap( renderTarget );

			// resolve multisample renderbuffers to a single-sample texture if necessary

			textures.updateMultisampleRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		}

		// Ensure depth buffer writing is enabled so it can be cleared on next render

		state.buffers.depth.setTest( true );
		state.buffers.depth.setMask( true );
		state.buffers.color.setMask( true );

		state.setPolygonOffset( false );

		scene.onAfterRender( _this, scene, camera );

		if ( vr.enabled ) {

			vr.submitFrame();

		}

		// _gl.finish();

		currentRenderList = null;
		currentRenderState = null;

	};

	function projectObject( object, camera, groupOrder, sortObjects ) {

		if ( object.visible === false ) return;

		var visible = object.layers.test( camera.layers );

		if ( visible ) {

			if ( object.isGroup ) {

				groupOrder = object.renderOrder;

			} else if ( object.isLight ) {

				currentRenderState.pushLight( object );

				if ( object.castShadow ) {

					currentRenderState.pushShadow( object );

				}

			} else if ( object.isSprite ) {

				if ( ! object.frustumCulled || _frustum.intersectsSprite( object ) ) {

					if ( sortObjects ) {

						_vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld )
							.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );

					}

					var geometry = objects.update( object );
					var material = object.material;

					currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector3.z, null );

				}

			} else if ( object.isImmediateRenderObject ) {

				if ( sortObjects ) {

					_vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld )
						.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );

				}

				currentRenderList.push( object, null, object.material, groupOrder, _vector3.z, null );

			} else if ( object.isMesh || object.isLine || object.isPoints ) {

				if ( object.isSkinnedMesh ) {

					object.skeleton.update();

				}

				if ( ! object.frustumCulled || _frustum.intersectsObject( object ) ) {

					if ( sortObjects ) {

						_vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld )
							.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );

					}

					var geometry = objects.update( object );
					var material = object.material;

					if ( Array.isArray( material ) ) {

						var groups = geometry.groups;

						for ( var i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

							var group = groups[ i ];
							var groupMaterial = material[ group.materialIndex ];

							if ( groupMaterial && groupMaterial.visible ) {

								currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, groupMaterial, groupOrder, _vector3.z, group );

							}

						}

					} else if ( material.visible ) {

						currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector3.z, null );

					}

				}

			}

		}

		var children = object.children;

		for ( var i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			projectObject( children[ i ], camera, groupOrder, sortObjects );

		}

	}

	function renderObjects( renderList, scene, camera, overrideMaterial ) {

		for ( var i = 0, l = renderList.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			var renderItem = renderList[ i ];

			var object = renderItem.object;
			var geometry = renderItem.geometry;
			var material = overrideMaterial === undefined ? renderItem.material : overrideMaterial;
			var group = renderItem.group;

			if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

				_currentArrayCamera = camera;

				var cameras = camera.cameras;

				for ( var j = 0, jl = cameras.length; j < jl; j ++ ) {

					var camera2 = cameras[ j ];

					if ( object.layers.test( camera2.layers ) ) {

						if ( 'viewport' in camera2 ) { // XR

							state.viewport( _currentViewport.copy( camera2.viewport ) );

						} else {

							var bounds = camera2.bounds;

							var x = bounds.x * _width;
							var y = bounds.y * _height;
							var width = bounds.z * _width;
							var height = bounds.w * _height;

							state.viewport( _currentViewport.set( x, y, width, height ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ) );

						}

						currentRenderState.setupLights( camera2 );

						renderObject( object, scene, camera2, geometry, material, group );

					}

				}

			} else {

				_currentArrayCamera = null;

				renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );

			}

		}

	}

	function renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group ) {

		object.onBeforeRender( _this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
		currentRenderState = renderStates.get( scene, _currentArrayCamera || camera );

		object.modelViewMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.matrixWorldInverse, object.matrixWorld );
		object.normalMatrix.getNormalMatrix( object.modelViewMatrix );

		if ( object.isImmediateRenderObject ) {

			state.setMaterial( material );

			var program = setProgram( camera, scene.fog, material, object );

			_currentGeometryProgram.geometry = null;
			_currentGeometryProgram.program = null;
			_currentGeometryProgram.wireframe = false;

			renderObjectImmediate( object, program );

		} else {

			_this.renderBufferDirect( camera, scene.fog, geometry, material, object, group );

		}

		object.onAfterRender( _this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
		currentRenderState = renderStates.get( scene, _currentArrayCamera || camera );

	}

	function initMaterial( material, fog, object ) {

		var materialProperties = properties.get( material );

		var lights = currentRenderState.state.lights;
		var shadowsArray = currentRenderState.state.shadowsArray;

		var lightsHash = materialProperties.lightsHash;
		var lightsStateHash = lights.state.hash;

		var parameters = programCache.getParameters(
			material, lights.state, shadowsArray, fog, _clipping.numPlanes, _clipping.numIntersection, object );

		var code = programCache.getProgramCode( material, parameters );

		var program = materialProperties.program;
		var programChange = true;

		if ( program === undefined ) {

			// new material
			material.addEventListener( 'dispose', onMaterialDispose );

		} else if ( program.code !== code ) {

			// changed glsl or parameters
			releaseMaterialProgramReference( material );

		} else if ( lightsHash.stateID !== lightsStateHash.stateID ||
			lightsHash.directionalLength !== lightsStateHash.directionalLength ||
			lightsHash.pointLength !== lightsStateHash.pointLength ||
			lightsHash.spotLength !== lightsStateHash.spotLength ||
			lightsHash.rectAreaLength !== lightsStateHash.rectAreaLength ||
			lightsHash.hemiLength !== lightsStateHash.hemiLength ||
			lightsHash.shadowsLength !== lightsStateHash.shadowsLength ) {

			lightsHash.stateID = lightsStateHash.stateID;
			lightsHash.directionalLength = lightsStateHash.directionalLength;
			lightsHash.pointLength = lightsStateHash.pointLength;
			lightsHash.spotLength = lightsStateHash.spotLength;
			lightsHash.rectAreaLength = lightsStateHash.rectAreaLength;
			lightsHash.hemiLength = lightsStateHash.hemiLength;
			lightsHash.shadowsLength = lightsStateHash.shadowsLength;

			programChange = false;

		} else if ( parameters.shaderID !== undefined ) {

			// same glsl and uniform list
			return;

		} else {

			// only rebuild uniform list
			programChange = false;

		}

		if ( programChange ) {

			if ( parameters.shaderID ) {

				var shader = ShaderLib[ parameters.shaderID ];

				materialProperties.shader = {
					name: material.type,
					uniforms: cloneUniforms( shader.uniforms ),
					vertexShader: shader.vertexShader,
					fragmentShader: shader.fragmentShader
				};

			} else {

				materialProperties.shader = {
					name: material.type,
					uniforms: material.uniforms,
					vertexShader: material.vertexShader,
					fragmentShader: material.fragmentShader
				};

			}

			material.onBeforeCompile( materialProperties.shader, _this );

			// Computing code again as onBeforeCompile may have changed the shaders
			code = programCache.getProgramCode( material, parameters );

			program = programCache.acquireProgram( material, materialProperties.shader, parameters, code );

			materialProperties.program = program;
			material.program = program;

		}

		var programAttributes = program.getAttributes();

		if ( material.morphTargets ) {

			material.numSupportedMorphTargets = 0;

			for ( var i = 0; i < _this.maxMorphTargets; i ++ ) {

				if ( programAttributes[ 'morphTarget' + i ] >= 0 ) {

					material.numSupportedMorphTargets ++;

				}

			}

		}

		if ( material.morphNormals ) {

			material.numSupportedMorphNormals = 0;

			for ( var i = 0; i < _this.maxMorphNormals; i ++ ) {

				if ( programAttributes[ 'morphNormal' + i ] >= 0 ) {

					material.numSupportedMorphNormals ++;

				}

			}

		}

		var uniforms = materialProperties.shader.uniforms;

		if ( ! material.isShaderMaterial &&
			! material.isRawShaderMaterial ||
			material.clipping === true ) {

			materialProperties.numClippingPlanes = _clipping.numPlanes;
			materialProperties.numIntersection = _clipping.numIntersection;
			uniforms.clippingPlanes = _clipping.uniform;

		}

		materialProperties.fog = fog;

		// store the light setup it was created for
		if ( lightsHash === undefined ) {

			materialProperties.lightsHash = lightsHash = {};

		}

		lightsHash.stateID = lightsStateHash.stateID;
		lightsHash.directionalLength = lightsStateHash.directionalLength;
		lightsHash.pointLength = lightsStateHash.pointLength;
		lightsHash.spotLength = lightsStateHash.spotLength;
		lightsHash.rectAreaLength = lightsStateHash.rectAreaLength;
		lightsHash.hemiLength = lightsStateHash.hemiLength;
		lightsHash.shadowsLength = lightsStateHash.shadowsLength;

		if ( material.lights ) {

			// wire up the material to this renderer's lighting state

			uniforms.ambientLightColor.value = lights.state.ambient;
			uniforms.directionalLights.value = lights.state.directional;
			uniforms.spotLights.value = lights.state.spot;
			uniforms.rectAreaLights.value = lights.state.rectArea;
			uniforms.pointLights.value = lights.state.point;
			uniforms.hemisphereLights.value = lights.state.hemi;

			uniforms.directionalShadowMap.value = lights.state.directionalShadowMap;
			uniforms.directionalShadowMatrix.value = lights.state.directionalShadowMatrix;
			uniforms.spotShadowMap.value = lights.state.spotShadowMap;
			uniforms.spotShadowMatrix.value = lights.state.spotShadowMatrix;
			uniforms.pointShadowMap.value = lights.state.pointShadowMap;
			uniforms.pointShadowMatrix.value = lights.state.pointShadowMatrix;
			// TODO (abelnation): add area lights shadow info to uniforms

		}

		var progUniforms = materialProperties.program.getUniforms(),
			uniformsList =
				WebGLUniforms.seqWithValue( progUniforms.seq, uniforms );

		materialProperties.uniformsList = uniformsList;

	}

	function setProgram( camera, fog, material, object ) {

		_usedTextureUnits = 0;

		var materialProperties = properties.get( material );
		var lights = currentRenderState.state.lights;

		var lightsHash = materialProperties.lightsHash;
		var lightsStateHash = lights.state.hash;

		if ( _clippingEnabled ) {

			if ( _localClippingEnabled || camera !== _currentCamera ) {

				var useCache =
					camera === _currentCamera &&
					material.id === _currentMaterialId;

				// we might want to call this function with some ClippingGroup
				// object instead of the material, once it becomes feasible
				// (#8465, #8379)
				_clipping.setState(
					material.clippingPlanes, material.clipIntersection, material.clipShadows,
					camera, materialProperties, useCache );

			}

		}

		if ( material.needsUpdate === false ) {

			if ( materialProperties.program === undefined ) {

				material.needsUpdate = true;

			} else if ( material.fog && materialProperties.fog !== fog ) {

				material.needsUpdate = true;

			} else if ( material.lights && ( lightsHash.stateID !== lightsStateHash.stateID ||
				lightsHash.directionalLength !== lightsStateHash.directionalLength ||
				lightsHash.pointLength !== lightsStateHash.pointLength ||
				lightsHash.spotLength !== lightsStateHash.spotLength ||
				lightsHash.rectAreaLength !== lightsStateHash.rectAreaLength ||
				lightsHash.hemiLength !== lightsStateHash.hemiLength ||
				lightsHash.shadowsLength !== lightsStateHash.shadowsLength ) ) {

				material.needsUpdate = true;

			} else if ( materialProperties.numClippingPlanes !== undefined &&
				( materialProperties.numClippingPlanes !== _clipping.numPlanes ||
				materialProperties.numIntersection !== _clipping.numIntersection ) ) {

				material.needsUpdate = true;

			}

		}

		if ( material.needsUpdate ) {

			initMaterial( material, fog, object );
			material.needsUpdate = false;

		}

		var refreshProgram = false;
		var refreshMaterial = false;
		var refreshLights = false;

		var program = materialProperties.program,
			p_uniforms = program.getUniforms(),
			m_uniforms = materialProperties.shader.uniforms;

		if ( state.useProgram( program.program ) ) {

			refreshProgram = true;
			refreshMaterial = true;
			refreshLights = true;

		}

		if ( material.id !== _currentMaterialId ) {

			_currentMaterialId = material.id;

			refreshMaterial = true;

		}

		if ( refreshProgram || _currentCamera !== camera ) {

			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'projectionMatrix', camera.projectionMatrix );

			if ( capabilities.logarithmicDepthBuffer ) {

				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'logDepthBufFC',
					2.0 / ( Math.log( camera.far + 1.0 ) / Math.LN2 ) );

			}

			if ( _currentCamera !== camera ) {

				_currentCamera = camera;

				// lighting uniforms depend on the camera so enforce an update
				// now, in case this material supports lights - or later, when
				// the next material that does gets activated:

				refreshMaterial = true;		// set to true on material change
				refreshLights = true;		// remains set until update done

			}

			// load material specific uniforms
			// (shader material also gets them for the sake of genericity)

			if ( material.isShaderMaterial ||
				material.isMeshPhongMaterial ||
				material.isMeshStandardMaterial ||
				material.envMap ) {

				var uCamPos = p_uniforms.map.cameraPosition;

				if ( uCamPos !== undefined ) {

					uCamPos.setValue( _gl,
						_vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld ) );

				}

			}

			if ( material.isMeshPhongMaterial ||
				material.isMeshLambertMaterial ||
				material.isMeshBasicMaterial ||
				material.isMeshStandardMaterial ||
				material.isShaderMaterial ||
				material.skinning ) {

				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'viewMatrix', camera.matrixWorldInverse );

			}

		}

		// skinning uniforms must be set even if material didn't change
		// auto-setting of texture unit for bone texture must go before other textures
		// not sure why, but otherwise weird things happen

		if ( material.skinning ) {

			p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'bindMatrix' );
			p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'bindMatrixInverse' );

			var skeleton = object.skeleton;

			if ( skeleton ) {

				var bones = skeleton.bones;

				if ( capabilities.floatVertexTextures ) {

					if ( skeleton.boneTexture === undefined ) {

						// layout (1 matrix = 4 pixels)
						//      RGBA RGBA RGBA RGBA (=> column1, column2, column3, column4)
						//  with  8x8  pixel texture max   16 bones * 4 pixels =  (8 * 8)
						//       16x16 pixel texture max   64 bones * 4 pixels = (16 * 16)
						//       32x32 pixel texture max  256 bones * 4 pixels = (32 * 32)
						//       64x64 pixel texture max 1024 bones * 4 pixels = (64 * 64)


						var size = Math.sqrt( bones.length * 4 ); // 4 pixels needed for 1 matrix
						size = _Math.ceilPowerOfTwo( size );
						size = Math.max( size, 4 );

						var boneMatrices = new Float32Array( size * size * 4 ); // 4 floats per RGBA pixel
						boneMatrices.set( skeleton.boneMatrices ); // copy current values

						var boneTexture = new DataTexture( boneMatrices, size, size, RGBAFormat, FloatType );
						boneTexture.needsUpdate = true;

						skeleton.boneMatrices = boneMatrices;
						skeleton.boneTexture = boneTexture;
						skeleton.boneTextureSize = size;

					}

					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'boneTexture', skeleton.boneTexture );
					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'boneTextureSize', skeleton.boneTextureSize );

				} else {

					p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, skeleton, 'boneMatrices' );

				}

			}

		}

		if ( refreshMaterial ) {

			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'toneMappingExposure', _this.toneMappingExposure );
			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'toneMappingWhitePoint', _this.toneMappingWhitePoint );

			if ( material.lights ) {

				// the current material requires lighting info

				// note: all lighting uniforms are always set correctly
				// they simply reference the renderer's state for their
				// values
				//
				// use the current material's .needsUpdate flags to set
				// the GL state when required

				markUniformsLightsNeedsUpdate( m_uniforms, refreshLights );

			}

			// refresh uniforms common to several materials

			if ( fog && material.fog ) {

				refreshUniformsFog( m_uniforms, fog );

			}

			if ( material.isMeshBasicMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isMeshLambertMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );
				refreshUniformsLambert( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isMeshPhongMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );

				if ( material.isMeshToonMaterial ) {

					refreshUniformsToon( m_uniforms, material );

				} else {

					refreshUniformsPhong( m_uniforms, material );

				}

			} else if ( material.isMeshStandardMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );

				if ( material.isMeshPhysicalMaterial ) {

					refreshUniformsPhysical( m_uniforms, material );

				} else {

					refreshUniformsStandard( m_uniforms, material );

				}

			} else if ( material.isMeshMatcapMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );

				refreshUniformsMatcap( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isMeshDepthMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );
				refreshUniformsDepth( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isMeshDistanceMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );
				refreshUniformsDistance( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isMeshNormalMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsCommon( m_uniforms, material );
				refreshUniformsNormal( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isLineBasicMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsLine( m_uniforms, material );

				if ( material.isLineDashedMaterial ) {

					refreshUniformsDash( m_uniforms, material );

				}

			} else if ( material.isPointsMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsPoints( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isSpriteMaterial ) {

				refreshUniformsSprites( m_uniforms, material );

			} else if ( material.isShadowMaterial ) {

				m_uniforms.color.value = material.color;
				m_uniforms.opacity.value = material.opacity;

			}

			// RectAreaLight Texture
			// TODO (mrdoob): Find a nicer implementation

			if ( m_uniforms.ltc_1 !== undefined ) m_uniforms.ltc_1.value = UniformsLib.LTC_1;
			if ( m_uniforms.ltc_2 !== undefined ) m_uniforms.ltc_2.value = UniformsLib.LTC_2;

			WebGLUniforms.upload( _gl, materialProperties.uniformsList, m_uniforms, _this );

		}

		if ( material.isShaderMaterial && material.uniformsNeedUpdate === true ) {

			WebGLUniforms.upload( _gl, materialProperties.uniformsList, m_uniforms, _this );
			material.uniformsNeedUpdate = false;

		}

		if ( material.isSpriteMaterial ) {

			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'center', object.center );

		}

		// common matrices

		p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'modelViewMatrix', object.modelViewMatrix );
		p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'normalMatrix', object.normalMatrix );
		p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'modelMatrix', object.matrixWorld );

		return program;

	}

	// Uniforms (refresh uniforms objects)

	function refreshUniformsCommon( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.opacity.value = material.opacity;

		if ( material.color ) {

			uniforms.diffuse.value = material.color;

		}

		if ( material.emissive ) {

			uniforms.emissive.value.copy( material.emissive ).multiplyScalar( material.emissiveIntensity );

		}

		if ( material.map ) {

			uniforms.map.value = material.map;

		}

		if ( material.alphaMap ) {

			uniforms.alphaMap.value = material.alphaMap;

		}

		if ( material.specularMap ) {

			uniforms.specularMap.value = material.specularMap;

		}

		if ( material.envMap ) {

			uniforms.envMap.value = material.envMap;

			// don't flip CubeTexture envMaps, flip everything else:
			//  WebGLRenderTargetCube will be flipped for backwards compatibility
			//  WebGLRenderTargetCube.texture will be flipped because it's a Texture and NOT a CubeTexture
			// this check must be handled differently, or removed entirely, if WebGLRenderTargetCube uses a CubeTexture in the future
			uniforms.flipEnvMap.value = material.envMap.isCubeTexture ? - 1 : 1;

			uniforms.reflectivity.value = material.reflectivity;
			uniforms.refractionRatio.value = material.refractionRatio;

			uniforms.maxMipLevel.value = properties.get( material.envMap ).__maxMipLevel;

		}

		if ( material.lightMap ) {

			uniforms.lightMap.value = material.lightMap;
			uniforms.lightMapIntensity.value = material.lightMapIntensity;

		}

		if ( material.aoMap ) {

			uniforms.aoMap.value = material.aoMap;
			uniforms.aoMapIntensity.value = material.aoMapIntensity;

		}

		// uv repeat and offset setting priorities
		// 1. color map
		// 2. specular map
		// 3. normal map
		// 4. bump map
		// 5. alpha map
		// 6. emissive map

		var uvScaleMap;

		if ( material.map ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.map;

		} else if ( material.specularMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.specularMap;

		} else if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.displacementMap;

		} else if ( material.normalMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.normalMap;

		} else if ( material.bumpMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.bumpMap;

		} else if ( material.roughnessMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.roughnessMap;

		} else if ( material.metalnessMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.metalnessMap;

		} else if ( material.alphaMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.alphaMap;

		} else if ( material.emissiveMap ) {

			uvScaleMap = material.emissiveMap;

		}

		if ( uvScaleMap !== undefined ) {

			// backwards compatibility
			if ( uvScaleMap.isWebGLRenderTarget ) {

				uvScaleMap = uvScaleMap.texture;

			}

			if ( uvScaleMap.matrixAutoUpdate === true ) {

				uvScaleMap.updateMatrix();

			}

			uniforms.uvTransform.value.copy( uvScaleMap.matrix );

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsLine( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.diffuse.value = material.color;
		uniforms.opacity.value = material.opacity;

	}

	function refreshUniformsDash( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.dashSize.value = material.dashSize;
		uniforms.totalSize.value = material.dashSize + material.gapSize;
		uniforms.scale.value = material.scale;

	}

	function refreshUniformsPoints( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.diffuse.value = material.color;
		uniforms.opacity.value = material.opacity;
		uniforms.size.value = material.size * _pixelRatio;
		uniforms.scale.value = _height * 0.5;

		uniforms.map.value = material.map;

		if ( material.map !== null ) {

			if ( material.map.matrixAutoUpdate === true ) {

				material.map.updateMatrix();

			}

			uniforms.uvTransform.value.copy( material.map.matrix );

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsSprites( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.diffuse.value = material.color;
		uniforms.opacity.value = material.opacity;
		uniforms.rotation.value = material.rotation;
		uniforms.map.value = material.map;

		if ( material.map !== null ) {

			if ( material.map.matrixAutoUpdate === true ) {

				material.map.updateMatrix();

			}

			uniforms.uvTransform.value.copy( material.map.matrix );

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsFog( uniforms, fog ) {

		uniforms.fogColor.value = fog.color;

		if ( fog.isFog ) {

			uniforms.fogNear.value = fog.near;
			uniforms.fogFar.value = fog.far;

		} else if ( fog.isFogExp2 ) {

			uniforms.fogDensity.value = fog.density;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsLambert( uniforms, material ) {

		if ( material.emissiveMap ) {

			uniforms.emissiveMap.value = material.emissiveMap;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsPhong( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.specular.value = material.specular;
		uniforms.shininess.value = Math.max( material.shininess, 1e-4 ); // to prevent pow( 0.0, 0.0 )

		if ( material.emissiveMap ) {

			uniforms.emissiveMap.value = material.emissiveMap;

		}

		if ( material.bumpMap ) {

			uniforms.bumpMap.value = material.bumpMap;
			uniforms.bumpScale.value = material.bumpScale;
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.bumpScale.value *= - 1;

		}

		if ( material.normalMap ) {

			uniforms.normalMap.value = material.normalMap;
			uniforms.normalScale.value.copy( material.normalScale );
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.normalScale.value.negate();

		}

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsToon( uniforms, material ) {

		refreshUniformsPhong( uniforms, material );

		if ( material.gradientMap ) {

			uniforms.gradientMap.value = material.gradientMap;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsStandard( uniforms, material ) {

		uniforms.roughness.value = material.roughness;
		uniforms.metalness.value = material.metalness;

		if ( material.roughnessMap ) {

			uniforms.roughnessMap.value = material.roughnessMap;

		}

		if ( material.metalnessMap ) {

			uniforms.metalnessMap.value = material.metalnessMap;

		}

		if ( material.emissiveMap ) {

			uniforms.emissiveMap.value = material.emissiveMap;

		}

		if ( material.bumpMap ) {

			uniforms.bumpMap.value = material.bumpMap;
			uniforms.bumpScale.value = material.bumpScale;
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.bumpScale.value *= - 1;

		}

		if ( material.normalMap ) {

			uniforms.normalMap.value = material.normalMap;
			uniforms.normalScale.value.copy( material.normalScale );
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.normalScale.value.negate();

		}

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

		if ( material.envMap ) {

			//uniforms.envMap.value = material.envMap; // part of uniforms common
			uniforms.envMapIntensity.value = material.envMapIntensity;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsPhysical( uniforms, material ) {

		refreshUniformsStandard( uniforms, material );

		uniforms.reflectivity.value = material.reflectivity; // also part of uniforms common

		uniforms.clearCoat.value = material.clearCoat;
		uniforms.clearCoatRoughness.value = material.clearCoatRoughness;

	}

	function refreshUniformsMatcap( uniforms, material ) {

		if ( material.matcap ) {

			uniforms.matcap.value = material.matcap;

		}

		if ( material.bumpMap ) {

			uniforms.bumpMap.value = material.bumpMap;
			uniforms.bumpScale.value = material.bumpScale;
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.bumpScale.value *= - 1;

		}

		if ( material.normalMap ) {

			uniforms.normalMap.value = material.normalMap;
			uniforms.normalScale.value.copy( material.normalScale );
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.normalScale.value.negate();

		}

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsDepth( uniforms, material ) {

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

	}

	function refreshUniformsDistance( uniforms, material ) {

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

		uniforms.referencePosition.value.copy( material.referencePosition );
		uniforms.nearDistance.value = material.nearDistance;
		uniforms.farDistance.value = material.farDistance;

	}

	function refreshUniformsNormal( uniforms, material ) {

		if ( material.bumpMap ) {

			uniforms.bumpMap.value = material.bumpMap;
			uniforms.bumpScale.value = material.bumpScale;
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.bumpScale.value *= - 1;

		}

		if ( material.normalMap ) {

			uniforms.normalMap.value = material.normalMap;
			uniforms.normalScale.value.copy( material.normalScale );
			if ( material.side === BackSide ) uniforms.normalScale.value.negate();

		}

		if ( material.displacementMap ) {

			uniforms.displacementMap.value = material.displacementMap;
			uniforms.displacementScale.value = material.displacementScale;
			uniforms.displacementBias.value = material.displacementBias;

		}

	}

	// If uniforms are marked as clean, they don't need to be loaded to the GPU.

	function markUniformsLightsNeedsUpdate( uniforms, value ) {

		uniforms.ambientLightColor.needsUpdate = value;

		uniforms.directionalLights.needsUpdate = value;
		uniforms.pointLights.needsUpdate = value;
		uniforms.spotLights.needsUpdate = value;
		uniforms.rectAreaLights.needsUpdate = value;
		uniforms.hemisphereLights.needsUpdate = value;

	}

	// Textures

	function allocTextureUnit() {

		var textureUnit = _usedTextureUnits;

		if ( textureUnit >= capabilities.maxTextures ) {

			console.warn( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: Trying to use ' + textureUnit + ' texture units while this GPU supports only ' + capabilities.maxTextures );

		}

		_usedTextureUnits += 1;

		return textureUnit;

	}

	this.allocTextureUnit = allocTextureUnit;

	// this.setTexture2D = setTexture2D;
	this.setTexture2D = ( function () {

		var warned = false;

		// backwards compatibility: peel texture.texture
		return function setTexture2D( texture, slot ) {

			if ( texture && texture.isWebGLRenderTarget ) {

				if ( ! warned ) {

					console.warn( "THREE.WebGLRenderer.setTexture2D: don't use render targets as textures. Use their .texture property instead." );
					warned = true;

				}

				texture = texture.texture;

			}

			textures.setTexture2D( texture, slot );

		};

	}() );

	this.setTexture3D = ( function () {

		// backwards compatibility: peel texture.texture
		return function setTexture3D( texture, slot ) {

			textures.setTexture3D( texture, slot );

		};

	}() );

	this.setTexture = ( function () {

		var warned = false;

		return function setTexture( texture, slot ) {

			if ( ! warned ) {

				console.warn( "THREE.WebGLRenderer: .setTexture is deprecated, use setTexture2D instead." );
				warned = true;

			}

			textures.setTexture2D( texture, slot );

		};

	}() );

	this.setTextureCube = ( function () {

		var warned = false;

		return function setTextureCube( texture, slot ) {

			// backwards compatibility: peel texture.texture
			if ( texture && texture.isWebGLRenderTargetCube ) {

				if ( ! warned ) {

					console.warn( "THREE.WebGLRenderer.setTextureCube: don't use cube render targets as textures. Use their .texture property instead." );
					warned = true;

				}

				texture = texture.texture;

			}

			// currently relying on the fact that WebGLRenderTargetCube.texture is a Texture and NOT a CubeTexture
			// TODO: unify these code paths
			if ( ( texture && texture.isCubeTexture ) ||
				( Array.isArray( texture.image ) && texture.image.length === 6 ) ) {

				// CompressedTexture can have Array in image :/

				// this function alone should take care of cube textures
				textures.setTextureCube( texture, slot );

			} else {

				// assumed: texture property of THREE.WebGLRenderTargetCube

				textures.setTextureCubeDynamic( texture, slot );

			}

		};

	}() );

	//

	this.setFramebuffer = function ( value ) {

		_framebuffer = value;

	};

	this.getRenderTarget = function () {

		return _currentRenderTarget;

	};

	this.setRenderTarget = function ( renderTarget ) {

		_currentRenderTarget = renderTarget;

		if ( renderTarget && properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer === undefined ) {

			textures.setupRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		}

		var framebuffer = _framebuffer;
		var isCube = false;

		if ( renderTarget ) {

			var __webglFramebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer;

			if ( renderTarget.isWebGLRenderTargetCube ) {

				framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer[ renderTarget.activeCubeFace ];
				isCube = true;

			} else if ( renderTarget.isWebGLMultisampleRenderTarget ) {

				framebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglMultisampledFramebuffer;

			} else {

				framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer;

			}

			_currentViewport.copy( renderTarget.viewport );
			_currentScissor.copy( renderTarget.scissor );
			_currentScissorTest = renderTarget.scissorTest;

		} else {

			_currentViewport.copy( _viewport ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio );
			_currentScissor.copy( _scissor ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio );
			_currentScissorTest = _scissorTest;

		}

		if ( _currentFramebuffer !== framebuffer ) {

			_gl.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
			_currentFramebuffer = framebuffer;

		}

		state.viewport( _currentViewport );
		state.scissor( _currentScissor );
		state.setScissorTest( _currentScissorTest );

		if ( isCube ) {

			var textureProperties = properties.get( renderTarget.texture );
			_gl.framebufferTexture2D( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, _gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + renderTarget.activeCubeFace, textureProperties.__webglTexture, renderTarget.activeMipMapLevel );

		}

	};

	this.readRenderTargetPixels = function ( renderTarget, x, y, width, height, buffer ) {

		if ( ! ( renderTarget && renderTarget.isWebGLRenderTarget ) ) {

			console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not THREE.WebGLRenderTarget.' );
			return;

		}

		var framebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer;

		if ( framebuffer ) {

			var restore = false;

			if ( framebuffer !== _currentFramebuffer ) {

				_gl.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );

				restore = true;

			}

			try {

				var texture = renderTarget.texture;
				var textureFormat = texture.format;
				var textureType = texture.type;

				if ( textureFormat !== RGBAFormat && utils.convert( textureFormat ) !== _gl.getParameter( _gl.IMPLEMENTATION_COLOR_READ_FORMAT ) ) {

					console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not in RGBA or implementation defined format.' );
					return;

				}

				if ( textureType !== UnsignedByteType && utils.convert( textureType ) !== _gl.getParameter( _gl.IMPLEMENTATION_COLOR_READ_TYPE ) && // IE11, Edge and Chrome Mac < 52 (#9513)
					! ( textureType === FloatType && ( capabilities.isWebGL2 || extensions.get( 'OES_texture_float' ) || extensions.get( 'WEBGL_color_buffer_float' ) ) ) && // Chrome Mac >= 52 and Firefox
					! ( textureType === HalfFloatType && ( capabilities.isWebGL2 ? extensions.get( 'EXT_color_buffer_float' ) : extensions.get( 'EXT_color_buffer_half_float' ) ) ) ) {

					console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not in UnsignedByteType or implementation defined type.' );
					return;

				}

				if ( _gl.checkFramebufferStatus( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER ) === _gl.FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE ) {

					// the following if statement ensures valid read requests (no out-of-bounds pixels, see #8604)

					if ( ( x >= 0 && x <= ( renderTarget.width - width ) ) && ( y >= 0 && y <= ( renderTarget.height - height ) ) ) {

						_gl.readPixels( x, y, width, height, utils.convert( textureFormat ), utils.convert( textureType ), buffer );

					}

				} else {

					console.error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: readPixels from renderTarget failed. Framebuffer not complete.' );

				}

			} finally {

				if ( restore ) {

					_gl.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, _currentFramebuffer );

				}

			}

		}

	};

	this.copyFramebufferToTexture = function ( position, texture, level ) {

		var width = texture.image.width;
		var height = texture.image.height;
		var glFormat = utils.convert( texture.format );

		this.setTexture2D( texture, 0 );

		_gl.copyTexImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, level || 0, glFormat, position.x, position.y, width, height, 0 );

	};

	this.copyTextureToTexture = function ( position, srcTexture, dstTexture, level ) {

		var width = srcTexture.image.width;
		var height = srcTexture.image.height;
		var glFormat = utils.convert( dstTexture.format );
		var glType = utils.convert( dstTexture.type );

		this.setTexture2D( dstTexture, 0 );

		if ( srcTexture.isDataTexture ) {

			_gl.texSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, level || 0, position.x, position.y, width, height, glFormat, glType, srcTexture.image.data );

		} else {

			_gl.texSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, level || 0, position.x, position.y, glFormat, glType, srcTexture.image );

		}

	};

}


export { WebGLRenderer };