javascript
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three.js
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<head>
	<title>three.js webgl - instancing - lambert shader</title>
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<body>

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	<div id="info">
		<a href="http://threejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">three.js</a> - instancing - lambert shader
		<div id="notSupported" style="display:none">Sorry your graphics card + browser does not support hardware instancing</div>
	</div>

	<script type="module">
		import * as THREE from '../build/three.module.js';

		import Stats from './jsm/libs/stats.module.js';

		import { OrbitControls } from './jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js';
		import { Curves } from './jsm/curves/CurveExtras.js';

		THREE.ShaderLib.customDepthRGBA = { // this is a cut-and-paste of the depth shader -- modified to accommodate instancing for this app

			uniforms: THREE.ShaderLib.depth.uniforms,

			vertexShader:
				`
				// instanced
				#ifdef INSTANCED

					attribute vec3 instanceOffset;
					attribute float instanceScale;

				#endif

				#include <common>
				#include <uv_pars_vertex>
				#include <displacementmap_pars_vertex>
				#include <morphtarget_pars_vertex>
				#include <skinning_pars_vertex>
				#include <logdepthbuf_pars_vertex>
				#include <clipping_planes_pars_vertex>

				void main() {

					#include <uv_vertex>

					#include <skinbase_vertex>

					#ifdef USE_DISPLACEMENTMAP

						#include <beginnormal_vertex>
						#include <morphnormal_vertex>
						#include <skinnormal_vertex>

					#endif

					#include <begin_vertex>

					// instanced
					#ifdef INSTANCED

						transformed *= instanceScale;
						transformed = transformed + instanceOffset;

					#endif

					#include <morphtarget_vertex>
					#include <skinning_vertex>
					#include <displacementmap_vertex>
					#include <project_vertex>
					#include <logdepthbuf_vertex>
					#include <clipping_planes_vertex>

				}
			`,

			fragmentShader: THREE.ShaderChunk.depth_frag

		};

		THREE.ShaderLib.lambert = { // this is a cut-and-paste of the lambert shader -- modified to accommodate instancing for this app

			uniforms: THREE.ShaderLib.lambert.uniforms,

			vertexShader:
				`
				#define LAMBERT

				#ifdef INSTANCED
					attribute vec3 instanceOffset;
					attribute vec3 instanceColor;
					attribute float instanceScale;
				#endif

				varying vec3 vLightFront;
				varying vec3 vIndirectFront;

				#ifdef DOUBLE_SIDED
					varying vec3 vLightBack;
					varying vec3 vIndirectBack;
				#endif

				#include <common>
				#include <uv_pars_vertex>
				#include <uv2_pars_vertex>
				#include <envmap_pars_vertex>
				#include <bsdfs>
				#include <lights_pars_begin>
				#include <color_pars_vertex>
				#include <fog_pars_vertex>
				#include <morphtarget_pars_vertex>
				#include <skinning_pars_vertex>
				#include <shadowmap_pars_vertex>
				#include <logdepthbuf_pars_vertex>
				#include <clipping_planes_pars_vertex>

				void main() {

					#include <uv_vertex>
					#include <uv2_vertex>
					#include <color_vertex>

					// vertex colors instanced
					#ifdef INSTANCED
						#ifdef USE_COLOR
							vColor.xyz = instanceColor.xyz;
						#endif
					#endif

					#include <beginnormal_vertex>
					#include <morphnormal_vertex>
					#include <skinbase_vertex>
					#include <skinnormal_vertex>
					#include <defaultnormal_vertex>

					#include <begin_vertex>

					// position instanced
					#ifdef INSTANCED
						transformed *= instanceScale;
						transformed = transformed + instanceOffset;
					#endif

					#include <morphtarget_vertex>
					#include <skinning_vertex>
					#include <project_vertex>
					#include <logdepthbuf_vertex>
					#include <clipping_planes_vertex>

					#include <worldpos_vertex>
					#include <envmap_vertex>
					#include <lights_lambert_vertex>
					#include <shadowmap_vertex>
					#include <fog_vertex>

				}
				`,

			fragmentShader: THREE.ShaderLib.lambert.fragmentShader

		};


		//

		var mesh, renderer, scene, camera, controls;
		var stats;

		init();
		animate();

		function init() {

			renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer( { antialias: true } );
			renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );
			renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
			document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );

			renderer.gammaOutput = true;

			scene = new THREE.Scene();

			scene.fog = new THREE.FogExp2( 0x000000, 0.004 );
			renderer.setClearColor( scene.fog.color, 1 );

			camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera( 40, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1000 );
			camera.position.set( 80, 40, 80 );

			scene.add( camera );

			controls = new OrbitControls( camera, renderer.domElement );
			controls.enableZoom = false;
			controls.maxPolarAngle = Math.PI / 2;

			scene.add( new THREE.AmbientLight( 0xffffff, 0.7 ) );

			var light = new THREE.DirectionalLight( 0xffffff, 0.4 );
			light.position.set( 50, 40, 0 );

			light.castShadow = true;
			light.shadow.camera.left = - 40;
			light.shadow.camera.right = 40;
			light.shadow.camera.top = 40;
			light.shadow.camera.bottom = - 40;
			light.shadow.camera.near = 10;
			light.shadow.camera.far = 180;

			light.shadow.bias = - 0.001;
			light.shadow.mapSize.width = 512;
			light.shadow.mapSize.height = 512;

			scene.add( light );

			// light shadow camera helper
			//light.shadowCameraHelper = new CameraHelper( light.shadow.camera );
			//scene.add( light.shadowCameraHelper );


			// instanced buffer geometry

			var geometry = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry();
			geometry.copy( new THREE.TorusBufferGeometry( 2, 0.5, 8, 128 ) );

			const INSTANCES = 256;

			var knot = new Curves.TorusKnot( 10 );
			var positions = knot.getSpacedPoints( INSTANCES );

			var offsets = new Float32Array( INSTANCES * 3 ); // xyz
			var colors = new Float32Array( INSTANCES * 3 ); // rgb
			var scales = new Float32Array( INSTANCES * 1 ); // s

			for ( var i = 0, l = INSTANCES; i < l; i ++ ) {

				var index = 3 * i;

				// per-instance position offset
				offsets[ index ] = positions[ i ].x;
				offsets[ index + 1 ] = positions[ i ].y;
				offsets[ index + 2 ] = positions[ i ].z;

				// per-instance color tint - optional
				colors[ index ] = 1;
				colors[ index + 1 ] = 1;
				colors[ index + 2 ] = 1;

				// per-instance scale variation
				scales[ i ] = 1 + 0.5 * Math.sin( 32 * Math.PI * i / INSTANCES );

			}

			geometry.addAttribute( 'instanceOffset', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute( offsets, 3 ) );
			geometry.addAttribute( 'instanceColor', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute( colors, 3 ) );
			geometry.addAttribute( 'instanceScale', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute( scales, 1 ) );


			// material

			var envMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load( `textures/metal.jpg`, function ( texture ) {

				texture.mapping = THREE.SphericalReflectionMapping;
				texture.encoding = THREE.sRGBEncoding;
				if ( mesh ) mesh.material.needsUpdate = true;

			} );

			var material = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( {

				color: 0xffb54a,
				envMap: envMap,
				combine: THREE.MultiplyOperation,
				reflectivity: 0.8,

				vertexColors: THREE.VertexColors,
				fog: true

			} );

			material.defines = material.defines || {};
			material.defines[ 'INSTANCED' ] = "";


			// custom depth material - required for instanced shadows

			var shader = THREE.ShaderLib[ 'customDepthRGBA' ];

			var uniforms = THREE.UniformsUtils.clone( shader.uniforms );

			var customDepthMaterial = new THREE.ShaderMaterial( {

				defines: {
					'INSTANCED': "",
					'DEPTH_PACKING': THREE.RGBADepthPacking
				},
				uniforms: uniforms,
				vertexShader: shader.vertexShader,
				fragmentShader: shader.fragmentShader

			} );

			//

			mesh = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, material );
			mesh.scale.set( 1, 1, 2 );
			mesh.castShadow = true;
			mesh.receiveShadow = true;
			mesh.customDepthMaterial = customDepthMaterial;
			mesh.frustumCulled = false;

			scene.add( mesh );

			//

			var ground = new THREE.Mesh(
				new THREE.PlaneBufferGeometry( 800, 800 ).rotateX( - Math.PI / 2 ),
				new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0x888888 } )
			);
			ground.position.set( 0, - 40, 0 );
			ground.receiveShadow = true;

			scene.add( ground );

			//

			stats = new Stats();
			document.body.appendChild( stats.dom );

			//

			window.addEventListener( 'resize', onWindowResize, false );

		}

		function onWindowResize() {

			renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );

			camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;
			camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

		}

		function animate() {

			requestAnimationFrame( animate );

			mesh.rotation.y += 0.005;

			stats.update();

			renderer.render( scene, camera );

		}


	</script>

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