fpc/rtl/inc/ustrings.inc

{
    This file is part of the Free Pascal run time library.
    Copyright (c) 1999-2005 by Florian Klaempfl,
    member of the Free Pascal development team.

    This file implements support routines for UTF-8 strings with FPC

    See the file COPYING.FPC, included in this distribution,
    for details about the copyright.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 **********************************************************************}


{$ifndef FPC_UNICODESTRING_TYPE_DEFINED}
{$define FPC_UNICODESTRING_TYPE_DEFINED}
{
  This file contains the implementation of the UnicodeString type,
  and all things that are needed for it.
  UnicodeString is defined as a 'silent' punicodechar :
  a punicodechar that points to (S= SizeOf(SizeInt), R= (if CPU64 then SizeOf(Longint) else SizeOf(SizeInt))):

  @-S-R : Reference count (R bytes)
  @-S   : SizeInt for size; size=number of chars. Multiply with
          sizeof(UnicodeChar) to get the number of bytes. This is compatible with Delphi.
  @      : String + Terminating #0;
  Punicodechar(Unicodestring) is a valid typecast.
  So WS[i] is converted to the address @WS+i-1.

  Constants should be assigned a reference count of -1
  Meaning that they can't be disposed of.
}

Type
  PUnicodeRec = ^TUnicodeRec;
  TUnicodeRec = Record
    CodePage    : TSystemCodePage;
    ElementSize : Word;
{$if not defined(VER3_2)}
  {$ifdef CPU64}	
    Ref         : Longint;
  {$else}
    Ref         : SizeInt;
  {$endif}
{$else}
  {$ifdef CPU64}	
    { align fields  }
	Dummy       : DWord;
  {$endif CPU64}
    Ref         : SizeInt;
{$endif}
    Len         : SizeInt;
  end;

Const
  UnicodeFirstOff = SizeOf(TUnicodeRec);
{$endif FPC_UNICODESTRING_TYPE_DEFINED}

{
  Default UnicodeChar <-> AnsiChar conversion is to only convert the
  lower 127 chars, all others are translated to '?'.

  These routines can be overridden for the Current Locale
}

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_UNICODE_2_ANSI_MOVE}
{$define FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_UNICODE_2_ANSI_MOVE}
procedure DefaultUnicode2AnsiMove(source:punicodechar;var dest:RawByteString;cp : TSystemCodePage;len:SizeInt);
var
  i : SizeInt;
  p : PAnsiChar;
begin
  setlength(dest,len);
  if not assigned(pointer(dest)) then
    exit;
  SetCodePage(dest,cp,false);
  p:=pointer(dest);         {SetLength guarantees that dest is unique}
  for i:=1 to len do
    begin
      if word(source^)<256 then
        p^:=AnsiChar(word(source^))
      else
        p^:='?';
      inc(source);
      inc(p);
    end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_UNICODE_2_ANSI_MOVE}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_ANSI_2_UNICODE}
{$define FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_ANSI_2_UNICODE}
procedure DefaultAnsi2UnicodeMove(source:pansichar;cp : TSystemCodePage;var dest:unicodestring;len:SizeInt);
var
  i : SizeInt;
  p : PUnicodeChar;
begin
  setlength(dest,len);
  p:=pointer(dest);         {SetLength guarantees that dest is unique}
  for i:=1 to len do
    begin
      p^:=unicodechar(byte(source^));
      inc(source);
      inc(p);
    end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_DEFAULT_ANSI_2_UNICODE}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_BUILTIN_WIDESTR_MANAGER}
function DefaultCharLengthPChar(const Str: PAnsiChar): PtrInt;
  begin
    DefaultCharLengthPChar:=length(Str);
  end;


function DefaultCodePointLength(const Str: PAnsiChar; MaxLookAead: PtrInt): Ptrint;
  begin
    if str[0]<>#0 then
      DefaultCodePointLength:=1
    else
      DefaultCodePointLength:=0;
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_BUILTIN_WIDESTR_MANAGER}


function DefaultGetStandardCodePage(const stdcp: TStandardCodePageEnum): TSystemCodePage;
  begin
    { don't raise an exception here. We need this for text file handling }
    if stdcp<>scpFileSystemSingleByte then
      Result:=DefaultSystemCodePage
    else
      { we could return UTF-8 here in case of FPCRTL_FILESYSTEM_UTF8, but
        without a fully functional widestring manager that will probably cause
        more problems that it solves }
      Result:=DefaultFileSystemCodePage
  end;

Procedure GetUnicodeStringManager (Out Manager : TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  manager:=widestringmanager;
end;


Procedure SetUnicodeStringManager (Const New : TUnicodeStringManager; Out Old: TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  Old:=widestringmanager;
  widestringmanager:=New;
end;


Procedure SetUnicodeStringManager (Const New : TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  widestringmanager:=New;
end;


Procedure GetWideStringManager (out Manager : TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  manager:=widestringmanager;
end;


Procedure SetWideStringManager (Const New : TUnicodeStringManager; Out old: TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  Old:=widestringmanager;
  widestringmanager:=New;
end;


Procedure SetWideStringManager (Const New : TUnicodeStringManager);
begin
  widestringmanager:=New;
end;


{****************************************************************************
                    Internal functions, not in interface.
****************************************************************************}

procedure UnicodeStringError;
  begin
    HandleErrorAddrFrameInd(204,get_pc_addr,get_frame);
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_NEW_UNICODESTRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_NEW_UNICODESTRING}
Function NewUnicodeString(Len : SizeInt) : Pointer;
{
  Allocate a new UnicodeString on the heap.
  initialize it to zero length and reference count 1.
}
begin
  Result:=GetMem(Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar)+(UnicodeFirstOff+sizeof(UnicodeChar)));
  If Result=Nil then
    UnicodeStringError;
  PUnicodeRec(Result)^.Len:=Len;  { Initial length }
  PUnicodeRec(Result)^.Ref:=1;    { Initial Refcount }
  PUnicodeRec(Result)^.CodePage:=DefaultUnicodeCodePage;
  PUnicodeRec(Result)^.ElementSize:=SizeOf(UnicodeChar);
  inc(Result,UnicodeFirstOff);    { Points to string now }
  PUnicodeChar(Result)^:=#0;      { Terminating #0 }
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_NEW_UNICODESTRING}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_DECR_REF}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_DECR_REF}
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Decr_Ref (Var S : Pointer);[Public,Alias:'FPC_UNICODESTR_DECR_REF']; compilerproc;
{
  Decreases the ReferenceCount of a non constant unicodestring;
  If the reference count is zero, deallocate the string;
}
Var
  p: PUnicodeRec;
Begin
  { Zero string }
  if S=Nil then
    exit;
  { check for constant strings ...}
  p:=PUnicodeRec(S-UnicodeFirstOff);
  S:=nil;
  if p^.Ref<0 then
    exit;

  { declocked does a MT safe dec and returns true, if the counter is 0 }
  if declocked(p^.Ref) then
    FreeMem(p);
end;

{ alias for internal use }
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Decr_Ref (Var S : Pointer);[external name 'FPC_UNICODESTR_DECR_REF'];
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_DECR_REF}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_INCR_REF}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_INCR_REF}
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Incr_Ref(S : Pointer);[Public,Alias:'FPC_UNICODESTR_INCR_REF']; compilerproc;
  Begin
    If S=Nil then
      exit;
    { constant string ? }
    If PUnicodeRec(S-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref<0 then
      exit;
    inclocked(PUnicodeRec(S-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref);
  end;

{ alias for internal use }
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Incr_Ref (S : Pointer);[external name 'FPC_UNICODESTR_INCR_REF'];
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_INCR_REF}

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_SHORTSTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_SHORTSTR}
procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_To_ShortStr (out res: ShortString;const S2 : UnicodeString); [Public, alias: 'FPC_UNICODESTR_TO_SHORTSTR'];compilerproc;
{
  Converts a UnicodeString to a ShortString;
}
Var
  Size : SizeInt;
  temp : ansistring;
begin
  res:='';
  Size:=Length(S2);
  if Size>0 then
    begin
      If Size>high(res) then
        Size:=high(res);
      widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(PUnicodeChar(S2),temp,DefaultSystemCodePage,Size);
      res:=temp;
    end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_SHORTSTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_ShortStr_To_UnicodeStr (Const S2 : ShortString): UnicodeString;compilerproc;
{
  Converts a ShortString to a UnicodeString;
}
Var
  Size : SizeInt;
begin
  result:='';
  Size:=Length(S2);
  if Size>0 then
    widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(PAnsiChar(@S2[1]),DefaultSystemCodePage,result,Size);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_ANSISTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_ANSISTR}
Function fpc_UnicodeStr_To_AnsiStr (const S2 : UnicodeString;cp : TSystemCodePage): AnsiString; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a UnicodeString to an AnsiString
}
Var
  Size : SizeInt;
begin
  result:='';
  Size:=Length(S2);
  if Size>0 then
    widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(PUnicodeChar(Pointer(S2)),result,TranslatePlaceholderCP(cp),Size);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_ANSISTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_AnsiStr_To_UnicodeStr (Const S2 : RawByteString): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
{
  Converts an AnsiString to a UnicodeString;
}
Var
  Size : SizeInt;
  cp: TSystemCodePage;
begin
  result:='';
  Size:=Length(S2);
  if Size>0 then
  begin
    cp:=TranslatePlaceholderCP(StringCodePage(S2));
    widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(PAnsiChar(S2),cp,result,Size);
  end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDESTR}
Function fpc_UnicodeStr_To_WideStr (const S2 : UnicodeString): WideString; compilerproc;
  begin
    SetLength(Result,Length(S2));
    Move(pointer(S2)^,Pointer(Result)^,Length(S2)*sizeof(WideChar));
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_WideStr_To_UnicodeStr (Const S2 : WideString): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
  begin
    SetLength(Result,Length(S2));
    Move(pointer(S2)^,Pointer(Result)^,Length(S2)*sizeof(WideChar));
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_PWideChar_To_UnicodeStr(const p : pwidechar): unicodestring; compilerproc;
var
  Size : SizeInt;
begin
  result:='';
  if p=nil then
    exit;
  Size := IndexWord(p^, -1, 0);
  Setlength(result,Size);
  if Size>0 then
    Move(p^,PUnicodeChar(Pointer(result))^,Size*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_ANSISTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_ANSISTR}
Function fpc_PWideChar_To_AnsiStr(const p : pwidechar;cp : TSystemCodePage): ansistring; compilerproc;
var
  Size : SizeInt;
begin
  result:='';
  if p=nil then
    exit;
  Size := IndexWord(p^, -1, 0);
  if Size>0 then
    widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc(P,result,TranslatePlaceholderCP(cp),Size);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_ANSISTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}
procedure fpc_PWideChar_To_ShortStr(out res : shortstring;const p : pwidechar); compilerproc;
var
  Size : SizeInt;
  temp: ansistring;
begin
  res:='';
  if p=nil then
    exit;
  Size:=IndexWord(p^, high(PtrInt), 0);
  if Size>0 then
    begin
      widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc(p,temp,DefaultSystemCodePage,Size);
      res:=temp;
    end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_PWIDECHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_ASSIGN}
{$define FPC_UNICODESTR_ASSIGN}
{ checked against the ansistring routine, 2001-05-27 (FK) }
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Assign (Var S1 : Pointer;S2 : Pointer);[Public,Alias:'FPC_UNICODESTR_ASSIGN']; compilerproc;
{
  Assigns S2 to S1 (S1:=S2), taking in account reference counts.
}
begin
  If S2<>nil then
    If PUnicodeRec(S2-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref>0 then
      inclocked(PUnicodeRec(S2-UnicodeFirstOff)^.ref);
  { Decrease the reference count on the old S1 }
  fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref (S1);
  s1:=s2;
end;


{ alias for internal use }
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Assign (Var S1 : Pointer;S2 : Pointer);[external name 'FPC_UNICODESTR_ASSIGN'];
{$endif FPC_UNICODESTR_ASSIGN}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT}
procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Concat (var DestS:Unicodestring;const S1,S2 : UnicodeString); compilerproc;
Var
  S1Len,S2Len : SizeInt;
  OldDestP,NewDestP,RealDestP,Src : Pointer;
begin
  { only assign if s1 or s2 is empty }
  if Length(S1)=0 then
    begin
      DestS:=s2;
      exit;
    end;
  if Length(S2)=0 then
    begin
      DestS:=s1;
      exit;
    end;
  S1Len:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S1)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len;
  S2Len:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S2)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len;
  OldDestP:=Pointer(DestS);
  { Reallocate when possible; in the hope this will reuse the chunk more often than do a redundant copy. }
  if Assigned(OldDestP) and (PUnicodeRec(OldDestP-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref=1) then
    begin
      RealDestP:=OldDestP-UnicodeFirstOff;
      NewDestP:=ReallocMem(RealDestP,UnicodeFirstOff+sizeof(UnicodeChar)+(S1Len+S2Len)*sizeof(UnicodeChar))+UnicodeFirstOff;
      { Copy S2 first, as in the case of OldDestP = Pointer(S2) it must be copied first and in other cases the order does not matter. }
      Src:=Pointer(S2);
      if Src=OldDestP then
        Src:=NewDestP;
      Move(Src^,PUnicodeChar(NewDestP)[S1Len],S2Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
      if OldDestP<>Pointer(S1) then { Not an append, need to copy S1? }
          Move(Pointer(S1)^,NewDestP^,S1Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
    end
  else
    begin
      NewDestP:=NewUnicodeString(S1Len+S2Len);
      Move(Pointer(S1)^,NewDestP^,S1Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
      Move(Pointer(S2)^,PUnicodeChar(NewDestP)[S1Len],S2Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
      fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref(Pointer(DestS));
    end;
  PUnicodeChar(NewDestP)[S1Len+S2Len]:=#0;
  PUnicodeRec(NewDestP-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len:=S1Len+S2Len;
  Pointer(DestS):=NewDestP;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT_MULTI}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT_MULTI}
procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Concat_multi (var DestS:Unicodestring;const sarr:array of Unicodestring); compilerproc;
Var
  lowstart,i,Size,NewLen : SizeInt;
  p,pc,OldDestP,NewDestP,RealDestP : pointer;
begin
  lowstart:=low(sarr);
  { skip empty strings }
  while (lowstart<=high(sarr)) and (sarr[lowstart]='') do
    inc(lowstart);
  if lowstart>high(sarr) then
    begin
      DestS:=''; { All source strings empty }
      exit;
    end;
  { Calculate size of the result so we can do
    a single call to SetLength() }
  NewLen:=0;
  for i:=lowstart to high(sarr) do
    inc(NewLen,length(sarr[i]));
  { In the case of the only nonempty string, return it directly. }
  if NewLen=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(sarr[lowstart])-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len then
    begin
      DestS:=sarr[lowstart];
      exit;
    end;
  OldDestP:=Pointer(DestS);
  { Reallocate when possible; in the hope this will reuse the chunk more often than do a redundant copy. }
  if Assigned(OldDestP) and (PUnicodeRec(OldDestP-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref=1) then
    begin
      RealDestP:=OldDestP-UnicodeFirstOff;
      NewDestP:=ReallocMem(RealDestP,UnicodeFirstOff+sizeof(UnicodeChar)+NewLen*sizeof(UnicodeChar))+UnicodeFirstOff;
      { First string can be skipped if appending. }
      if OldDestP=Pointer(sarr[lowstart]) then
        inc(lowstart);
    end
  else
    begin
      { Create new string. }
      OldDestP:=nil; { This case is distinguished as "not assigned(olddestp)". Also prevents "if p=olddestp" in the loop below shared with the ReallocMem branch. }
      NewDestP:=NewUnicodeString(NewLen);
    end;
  { Copy strings from last to the first, so that possible occurences of DestS could read from the beginning of the reallocated DestS. }
  pc:=NewDestP+NewLen*sizeof(UnicodeChar);
  for i:=high(sarr) downto lowstart do
    begin
      p:=Pointer(sarr[i]);
      if not Assigned(p) then
        continue;
      if p=OldDestP then
        { DestS occured among pieces in the ReallocMem case! Use the new pointer. Its header still conveniently contains old DestS length. }
        p:=NewDestP;
      Size:=PUnicodeRec(p-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar);
      dec(pc,size);
      Move(p^,pc^,Size);
    end;
  if not assigned(OldDestP) then
    fpc_UnicodeStr_Decr_Ref(Pointer(DestS));
  PUnicodeChar(NewDestP)[NewLen]:=#0;
  PUnicodeRec(NewDestP-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len:=NewLen; { Careful, loop above relies on the old Len in the NewDestP header. }
  Pointer(DestS):=NewDestP;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_CONCAT_MULTI}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UCHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UCHAR}
Function fpc_Char_To_UChar(const c : AnsiChar): UnicodeChar; compilerproc;
var
  w: unicodestring;
begin
  widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(@c,DefaultSystemCodePage,w,1);
  fpc_Char_To_UChar:=w[1];
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UCHAR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_Char_To_UnicodeStr(const c : AnsiChar): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a AnsiChar to a UnicodeString;
}
begin
  widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(@c,DefaultSystemCodePage,result,1);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_CHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_CHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_CHAR}
Function fpc_UChar_To_Char(const c : UnicodeChar): AnsiChar; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a UnicodeChar to a AnsiChar;
}
var
  s: ansistring;
begin
  widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(@c, s, DefaultSystemCodePage, 1);
  if length(s)=1 then
    fpc_UChar_To_Char:= s[1]
  else
    fpc_UChar_To_Char:='?';
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_CHAR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}
function fpc_UChar_To_ShortStr(const c : WideChar): shortstring; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a WideChar to a ShortString;
}
var
  s: ansistring;
begin
  widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc(@c,s,DefaultSystemCodePage,1);
  result:=s;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_SHORTSTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_UChar_To_UnicodeStr(const c : UnicodeChar): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a UnicodeChar to a UnicodeString;
}
begin
  Setlength (fpc_UChar_To_UnicodeStr,1);
  fpc_UChar_To_UnicodeStr[1]:= c;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_ANSISTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_ANSISTR}
Function fpc_UChar_To_AnsiStr(const c : UnicodeChar;cp : TSystemCodePage): AnsiString; compilerproc;
{
  Converts a UnicodeChar to a AnsiString;
}
begin
  widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(@c, fpc_UChar_To_AnsiStr, TranslatePlaceholderCP(cp), 1);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCHAR_TO_ANSISTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_PCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_PCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_PChar_To_UnicodeStr(const p : PAnsiChar): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
Var
  L : SizeInt;
begin
  if (not assigned(p)) or (p[0]=#0) Then
  begin
    fpc_pchar_to_unicodestr := '';
    exit;
  end;
  l:=IndexChar(p^,-1,#0);
  widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(P,DefaultSystemCodePage,fpc_PChar_To_UnicodeStr,l);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_PCHAR_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_CHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_CHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_CharArray_To_UnicodeStr(const arr: array of ansichar; zerobased: boolean = true): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
var
  i  : SizeInt;
begin
  if zerobased then
    begin
      if arr[0]=#0 Then
        begin
          fpc_chararray_to_unicodestr:='';
          exit;
        end;
      i:=IndexChar(arr,high(arr)+1,#0);
      if i=-1 then
        i:=high(arr)+1;
    end
  else
    i:=high(arr)+1;
  widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(pansichar(@arr),DefaultSystemCodePage,fpc_CharArray_To_UnicodeStr,i);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_CHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}
Function fpc_WideCharArray_To_UnicodeStr(const arr: array of widechar; zerobased: boolean = true): UnicodeString; compilerproc;
var
  i  : SizeInt;
begin
  if (zerobased) then
    begin
      i:=IndexWord(arr,high(arr)+1,0);
      if i = -1 then
        i := high(arr)+1;
    end
  else
    i := high(arr)+1;
  SetLength(fpc_WideCharArray_To_UnicodeStr,i);
  Move(arr[0], Pointer(fpc_WideCharArray_To_UnicodeStr)^,i*sizeof(WideChar));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_SHORTSTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_SHORTSTR}
{ due to their names, the following procedures should be in wstrings.inc,
  however, the compiler generates code using this functions on all platforms }
procedure fpc_WideCharArray_To_ShortStr(out res : shortstring;const arr: array of widechar; zerobased: boolean = true);[public,alias:'FPC_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_SHORTSTR']; compilerproc;
var
  l: longint;
  index: ptrint;
  len: byte;
  temp: ansistring;
begin
  l := high(arr)+1;
  if l>=high(res)+1 then
    l:=high(res)
  else if l<0 then
    l:=0;
  if zerobased then
    begin
      index:=IndexWord(arr[0],l,0);
      if index<0 then
        len:=l
      else
        len:=index;
    end
  else
    len:=l;
  widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc (pwidechar(@arr),temp,DefaultSystemCodePage,len);
  res:=temp;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_SHORTSTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_ANSISTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_ANSISTR}
Function fpc_WideCharArray_To_AnsiStr(const arr: array of widechar; cp : TSystemCodePage; zerobased: boolean = true): AnsiString; compilerproc;
var
  i  : SizeInt;
begin
  if (zerobased) then
    begin
      i:=IndexWord(arr,high(arr)+1,0);
      if i = -1 then
        i := high(arr)+1;
    end
  else
    i := high(arr)+1;
  if i > 0 then
    widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc (pwidechar(@arr),RawByteString(fpc_WideCharArray_To_AnsiStr),TranslatePlaceholderCP(cp),i)
  else
    fpc_WideCharArray_To_AnsiStr:='';
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_ANSISTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_WIDESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_WIDESTR}
Function fpc_WideCharArray_To_WideStr(const arr: array of widechar; zerobased: boolean = true): WideString; compilerproc;
var
  i  : SizeInt;
begin
  if (zerobased) then
    begin
      i:=IndexWord(arr,high(arr)+1,0);
      if i = -1 then
        i := high(arr)+1;
    end
  else
    i := high(arr)+1;
  SetLength(fpc_WideCharArray_To_WideStr,i);
  Move(arr[0], Pointer(fpc_WideCharArray_To_WideStr)^,i*sizeof(WideChar));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDECHARARRAY_TO_WIDESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_CHARARRAY}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_CHARARRAY}
procedure fpc_unicodestr_to_chararray(out res: array of AnsiChar; const src: UnicodeString); compilerproc;
var
  len: SizeInt;
  temp: ansistring;
begin
  len := length(src);
  { make sure we don't dereference src if it can be nil (JM) }
  if len > 0 then
    widestringmanager.unicode2ansimoveproc(punicodechar(@src[1]),temp,DefaultSystemCodePage,len);
  len := length(temp);
  if len > length(res) then
    len := length(res);
{$push}
{$r-}
  move(temp[1],res[0],len);
  fillchar(res[len],length(res)-len,0);
{$pop}
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_UNICODECHARARRAY}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
{$define FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
procedure fpc_ansistr_to_widechararray(out res: array of widechar; const src: RawByteString); compilerproc;
var
  len: SizeInt;
  temp: widestring;
begin
  len := length(src);
  { make sure we don't dereference src if it can be nil (JM) }
  if len > 0 then
    widestringmanager.ansi2widemoveproc(pansichar(@src[1]),TranslatePlaceholderCP(StringCodePage(src)),temp,len);
  len := length(temp);
  if len > length(res) then
    len := length(res);
{$push}
{$r-}
  move(temp[1],res[0],len*sizeof(widechar));
  fillchar(res[len],(length(res)-len)*SizeOf(WideChar),0);
{$pop}
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_ANSISTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
{$define FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
procedure fpc_shortstr_to_widechararray(out res: array of widechar; const src: ShortString); compilerproc;
var
  len: longint;
  temp : widestring;
begin
  len := length(src);
  { make sure we don't access AnsiChar 1 if length is 0 (JM) }
  if len > 0 then
    widestringmanager.ansi2widemoveproc(pansichar(@src[1]),DefaultSystemCodePage,temp,len);
  len := length(temp);
  if len > length(res) then
    len := length(res);
{$push}
{$r-}
  move(temp[1],res[0],len*sizeof(widechar));
  fillchar(res[len],(length(res)-len)*SizeOf(WideChar),0);
{$pop}
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_SHORTSTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}
procedure fpc_unicodestr_to_widechararray(out res: array of widechar; const src: UnicodeString); compilerproc;
var
  len: SizeInt;
begin
  len := length(src);
  if len > length(res) then
    len := length(res);
{$push}
{$r-}
  { make sure we don't try to access element 1 of the widestring if it's nil }
  if len > 0 then
    move(src[1],res[0],len*SizeOf(WideChar));
  fillchar(res[len],(length(res)-len)*SizeOf(WideChar),0);
{$pop}
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_TO_WIDECHARARRAY}



{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE}
Function fpc_UnicodeStr_Compare(const S1,S2 : UnicodeString): SizeInt;[Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_COMPARE']; compilerproc;
{
  Compares 2 UnicodeStrings;
  The result is
   <0 if S1<S2
   0 if S1=S2
   >0 if S1>S2
}
Var
  MaxI,Temp : SizeInt;
begin
  if pointer(S1)=pointer(S2) then
   begin
     fpc_UnicodeStr_Compare:=0;
     exit;
   end;
  Maxi:=Length(S1);
  temp:=Length(S2);
  If MaxI>Temp then
   MaxI:=Temp;
  Temp:=CompareWord(S1[1],S2[1],MaxI);
  if temp=0 then
   temp:=Length(S1)-Length(S2);
  fpc_UnicodeStr_Compare:=Temp;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE_EQUAL}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE_EQUAL}
Function fpc_UnicodeStr_Compare_Equal(const S1,S2 : UnicodeString): SizeInt;[Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_COMPARE_EQUAL']; compilerproc;
{
  Compares 2 UnicodeStrings for equality only;
  The result is
   0 if S1=S2
   <>0 if S1<>S2
}
Var
  MaxI : SizeInt;
begin
  if pointer(S1)=pointer(S2) then
    exit(0);
  Maxi:=Length(S1);
  If MaxI<>Length(S2) then
    exit(-1)
  else
    exit(CompareWord(S1[1],S2[1],MaxI));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COMPARE_EQUAL}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_RANGECHECK}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_RANGECHECK}
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_RangeCheck(p: Pointer; index: SizeInt);[Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_RANGECHECK']; compilerproc;
begin
  if (p=nil) or (index>PUnicodeRec(p-UnicodeFirstOff)^.len) or (Index<1) then
    HandleErrorAddrFrameInd(201,get_pc_addr,get_frame);
end;

Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_ZeroBased_RangeCheck(p: Pointer; index: SizeInt);[Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_ZEROBASED_RANGECHECK']; compilerproc;
begin
  if (p=nil) or (index>=PUnicodeRec(p-UnicodeFirstOff)^.len) or (Index<0) then
    HandleErrorAddrFrameInd(201,get_pc_addr,get_frame);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_RANGECHECK}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_SETLENGTH}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_SETLENGTH}
Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_SetLength(Var S : UnicodeString; l : SizeInt);[Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_SETLENGTH']; compilerproc;
{
  Sets The length of string S to L.
  Makes sure S is unique, and contains enough room.
}
Var
  Temp : Pointer;
  lens, lena : SizeUInt;
begin
   if (l>0) then
    begin
      if Pointer(S)=nil then
        begin
          { Need a complete new string...}
          Pointer(s):=NewUnicodeString(l);
        end
      else
        if (PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref = 1) then
          begin
            Temp:=Pointer(s)-UnicodeFirstOff;
            lens:=MemSize(Temp);
            lena:=SizeUInt(L*sizeof(UnicodeChar)+(UnicodeFirstOff+sizeof(UnicodeChar)));
            if (lena>lens) or ((lens>32) and (lena<=SizeInt(SizeUint(lens) div 2))) then
              Pointer(S):=reallocmem(Temp, lena)+UnicodeFirstOff;
          end
      else
        begin
          { Reallocation is needed... }
          Temp:=NewUnicodeString(l);
          { also move terminating null }
          lens:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len+1;
          if l<lens then
            lens:=l;
          Move(Pointer(S)^,Temp^,lens * Sizeof(UnicodeChar));
          fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref(Pointer(S));
          Pointer(S):=Temp;
        end;
      { Force nil termination in case it gets shorter }
      PWord(Pointer(S)+l*sizeof(UnicodeChar))^:=0;
      PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len:=l;
    end
  else  { length=0, deallocate the string }
    fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref (Pointer(S));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_SETLENGTH}

{*****************************************************************************
                     Public functions, In interface.
*****************************************************************************}

function UnicodeCharToString(S : PUnicodeChar) : UnicodeString;
  begin
     result:=UnicodeCharLenToString(s,Length(UnicodeString(s)));
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_STRING_TO_UNICODECHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_STRING_TO_UNICODECHAR}
function StringToUnicodeChar(const Src : RawByteString;Dest : PUnicodeChar;DestSize : SizeInt) : PUnicodeChar;
  begin
    result:=StringToWideChar(Src,Dest,DestSize);
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_STRING_TO_UNICODECHAR}


function WideCharToString(S : PWideChar) : UnicodeString;
  begin
     result:=WideCharLenToString(s,Length(WideString(s)));
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_STRING_LEN_TO_WIDECHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_STRING_LEN_TO_WIDECHAR}
function StringToWideChar(const Src : RawByteString;Dest : PWideChar;DestSize : SizeInt) : PWideChar;
  var
    temp: widestring;
    Len: SizeInt;
  begin
     widestringmanager.Ansi2WideMoveProc(PAnsiChar(Src),StringCodePage(Src),temp,Length(Src));
     Len:=Length(temp);
     if DestSize<=Len then
       Len:=Destsize-1;
     move(temp[1],Dest^,Len*SizeOf(WideChar));
     Dest[Len]:=#0;
     result:=Dest;
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_STRING_LEN_TO_WIDECHAR}

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODEFROMLOCALECHARS}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODEFROMLOCALECHARS}
function UnicodeFromLocaleChars(CodePage, Flags: Cardinal; LocaleStr: PAnsiChar;
  LocaleStrLen: SizeInt; UnicodeStr: PWideChar; UnicodeStrLen: SizeInt): SizeInt; overload;

var
  temp: widestring;
  Len: SizeInt;
begin
  widestringmanager.Ansi2WideMoveProc(LocaleStr,CodePage,temp,LocaleStrLen);
  Len:=Length(temp);
  // Only move when we have room.
  if (UnicodeStrLen>0) then
    begin  
    if UnicodeStrLen<=Len then
      Len:=UnicodeStrLen-1;
    move(temp[1],UnicodeStr^,Len*SizeOf(WideChar));
    UnicodeStr[Len]:=#0;
    end;
  // Return length  
  result:=len;
end;
{$endif ndef FPC_HAS_UNICODEFROMLOCALECHARS}

function UnicodeFromLocaleChars(const LocaleName: AnsiString; Flags: Cardinal;
  LocaleStr: PAnsiChar; LocaleStrLen: SizeInt; UnicodeStr: PWideChar;
  UnicodeStrLen: SizeInt): SizeInt; overload;

var
  CP : TSystemCodePage;

begin
  if not LocaleNameToCodePage(LocaleName,CP) then
    Result:=0
  else
    Result:=UnicodeFromLocaleChars(CP,Flags,LocaleStr,LocaleStrLen,UnicodeStr,UnicodeStrLen);
end;

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}
function UnicodeCharLenToString(S : PUnicodeChar;Len : SizeInt) : UnicodeString;
  begin
    SetLength(result,Len);
    Move(S^,Pointer(Result)^,Len*2);
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}


procedure UnicodeCharLenToStrVar(Src : PUnicodeChar;Len : SizeInt;out Dest : UnicodeString);
  begin
    Dest:=UnicodeCharLenToString(Src,Len);
  end;


procedure UnicodeCharLenToStrVar(Src : PUnicodeChar;Len : SizeInt;out Dest : AnsiString);
  begin
    Dest:=AnsiString(UnicodeCharLenToString(Src,Len));
  end;


procedure UnicodeCharToStrVar(S : PUnicodeChar;out Dest : AnsiString);
  begin
    Dest:=AnsiString(UnicodeCharToString(S));
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}
function WideCharLenToString(S : PWideChar;Len : SizeInt) : UnicodeString;
  begin
    SetLength(result,Len);
    Move(S^,Pointer(Result)^,Len*2);
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDECHAR_LEN_TO_STRING}


procedure WideCharLenToStrVar(Src : PWideChar;Len : SizeInt;out Dest : UnicodeString);
  begin
    Dest:=WideCharLenToString(Src,Len);
  end;


procedure WideCharLenToStrVar(Src : PWideChar;Len : SizeInt;out Dest : AnsiString);
  begin
    Dest:=AnsiString(WideCharLenToString(Src,Len));
  end;


procedure WideCharToStrVar(S : PWideChar;out Dest : UnicodeString);
  begin
    Dest:=WideCharToString(S);
  end;


procedure WideCharToStrVar(S : PWideChar;out Dest : AnsiString);
  begin
    Dest:=AnsiString(WideCharToString(S));
  end;


Function fpc_unicodestr_Unique_func(Var S : UnicodeString): Pointer; external name 'FPC_UNICODESTR_UNIQUE';


Procedure UniqueString (Var S : UnicodeString);{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}
  begin
    fpc_unicodestr_Unique_func(S);
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_UNIQUE}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_UNIQUE}
Function fpc_unicodestr_Unique(Var S : Pointer): Pointer; [Public,Alias : 'FPC_UNICODESTR_UNIQUE']; compilerproc;
{
  Make sure reference count of S is 1,
  using copy-on-write semantics.
}
Var
  SNew : Pointer;
  L    : SizeInt;
begin
  pointer(result) := pointer(s);
  If (result<>nil) and (PUnicodeRec(result-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref<>1) then
   begin
     L:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.len;
     SNew:=NewUnicodeString (L);
     Move (PUnicodeChar(S)^,SNew^,(L+1)*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
     PUnicodeRec(SNew-UnicodeFirstOff)^.len:=L;
     fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref (Pointer(S));  { Thread safe }
     pointer(S):=SNew;
     pointer(result):=SNew;
   end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_UNIQUE}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COPY}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COPY}
Function Fpc_UnicodeStr_Copy (Const S : UnicodeString; Index,Size : SizeInt) : UnicodeString;compilerproc;
var
  Lim : SizeInt;
  ResultAddress : Pointer;
begin
  ResultAddress:=Nil;
  dec(index);
  if Index < 0 then
    Index := 0;
  Lim:=Length(S)-Index; { Cannot overflow as both Length(S) and Index are non-negative. }
  if Size>Lim then
   Size:=Lim;
  If Size>0 then
   begin
     ResultAddress:=NewUnicodeString(Size);
     Move (PUnicodeChar(S)[Index],ResultAddress^,Size*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
     PUnicodeRec(ResultAddress-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len:=Size;
     PUnicodeChar(ResultAddress+Size*sizeof(UnicodeChar))^:=#0;
   end;
  fpc_unicodestr_decr_ref(Pointer(fpc_unicodestr_copy));
  Pointer(fpc_unicodestr_Copy):=ResultAddress;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_COPY}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODESTR_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODESTR_UNICODESTR}
Function Pos (Const Substr : UnicodeString; Const Source : UnicodeString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
var
  i,MaxLen,nsource,nsub,d : SizeInt;
begin
  Pos:=0;
  nsource:=Length(Source);
  nsub:=Length(Substr);
  if (nsub>0) and (Offset>0) and (Offset<=nsource) then
   begin
     MaxLen:=nsource-nsub+1;
     i:=Offset;
     while (i<=MaxLen) do
      begin
        d:=IndexWord(Source[i],MaxLen-i+1,word(Substr[1]));
        if d<0 then
          exit;
        if CompareWord(Substr[1],Source[i+d],nsub)=0 then
          exit(i+d);
        i:=i+d+1;
      end;
   end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODESTR_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODECHAR_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODECHAR_UNICODESTR}
{ Faster version for a unicodechar alone }
Function Pos (c : UnicodeChar; Const s : UnicodeString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
var
  ns,idx: SizeInt;
begin
  pos:=0;
  ns:=length(s);
  if (Offset>0) and (Offset<=ns) then
  begin
    idx:=IndexWord(s[Offset],ns-Offset+1,word(c));
    if idx>=0 then
      pos:=Offset+idx;
  end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_POS_UNICODECHAR_UNICODESTR}


{ DO NOT inline these! Inlining a managed typecast creates an implicit try..finally
  block, which is significant bloat without any sensible speed improvement. }
Function Pos (const c : RawByteString; Const s : UnicodeString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
  begin
    result:=Pos(UnicodeString(c),s,offset);
  end;


Function Pos (const c : ShortString; Const s : UnicodeString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
  begin
    result:=Pos(UnicodeString(c),s,OffSet);
  end;


Function Pos (const c : UnicodeString; Const s : RawByteString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
  begin
    result:=Pos(c,UnicodeString(s),OffSet);
  end;

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_OF_CHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UNICODESTR_OF_CHAR}
Function  StringOfChar(c : Unicodechar;l : SizeInt) : UnicodeString;
begin
  SetLength(StringOfChar,l);
  FillWord(Pointer(StringOfChar)^,Length(StringOfChar),word(c));
end;
{$endif}

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_POS_CHAR_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_POS_CHAR_UNICODESTR}
{ Faster version for a AnsiChar alone. Must be implemented because   }
{ pos(c: AnsiChar; const s: shortstring) also exists, so otherwise   }
{ using pos(AnsiChar,pansichar) will always call the shortstring version }
{ (exact match for first argument), also with $h+ (JM)           }
Function Pos (c : AnsiChar; Const s : UnicodeString; Offset: Sizeint = 1) : SizeInt;
var
  ns,idx: SizeInt;
begin
  pos:=0;
  ns:=length(s);
  if (Offset>0) and (Offset<=ns) then
  begin
    idx:=IndexWord(s[Offset],ns-Offset+1,word(unicodechar(c)));
    if idx>=0 then
      pos:=Offset+idx;
  end;
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_POS_CHAR_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_DELETE_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_DELETE_UNICODESTR}
Procedure fpc_unicodestr_delete(Var S : UnicodeString; Index,Size: SizeInt);
Var
  LS : SizeInt;
begin
  LS:=Length(S);
  if (Index>LS) or (Index<=0) or (Size<=0) then
    exit;

  UniqueString (S);
  { (Size+Index) will overflow if Size=MaxInt. }
  if Size>LS-Index then
    Size:=LS-Index+1;
  if Size<=LS-Index then
  begin
    Dec(Index);
    Move(PUnicodeChar(S)[Index+Size],PUnicodeChar(S)[Index],(LS-Index-Size+1)*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
  end;
  Setlength(s,LS-Size);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_DELETE_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_INSERT_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_INSERT_UNICODESTR}
Procedure fpc_unicodestr_insert(Const Source : UnicodeString; Var S : UnicodeString; Index : SizeInt);
var
  LS,LSource : SizeInt;
  selfinsert : boolean;
  srcp : PUnicodeChar;
begin
  If Source='' then
   exit;
  if S='' then
    begin
      S:=Source;
      exit;
    end;
  LSource:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(Source)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len;
  LS:=PUnicodeRec(Pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Len;
  Dec(Index);
  if index < 0 then
   index := 0;
  if index > LS then
   index := LS;
  selfinsert:=Pointer(Source)=Pointer(S);
  SetLength(S,LSource+LS);
  Move(PUnicodeChar(Pointer(S))[Index],PUnicodeChar(Pointer(S))[Index+LSource],(LS-Index)*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
  srcp:=Pointer(Source);
  if selfinsert then
    srcp:=Pointer(S);
  Move(srcp^,PUnicodeChar(Pointer(S))[Index],LSource*SizeOf(UnicodeChar));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_INSERT_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODECHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODECHAR}
Function  UpCase(c:UnicodeChar):UnicodeChar;
begin
  Result:= widestringmanager.UpperUnicodeStringProc(UnicodeString(c))[1]
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODECHAR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODESTR}
function UpCase(const s : UnicodeString) : UnicodeString;
begin
  result:=widestringmanager.UpperUnicodeStringProc(s);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UPCASE_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODECHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODECHAR}
Function  LowerCase(c:UnicodeChar):UnicodeChar;
begin
  Result:= widestringmanager.LowerUnicodeStringProc(UnicodeString(c))[1]
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODECHAR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODESTR}
function LowerCase(const s : UnicodeString) : UnicodeString;
begin
  result:=widestringmanager.LowerUnicodeStringProc(s);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_LOWERCASE_UNICODESTR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PUNICODECHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PUNICODECHAR}
Procedure fpc_setstring_unicodestr_pwidechar(Out S : UnicodeString; Buf : PUnicodeChar; Len : SizeInt); compilerproc;
begin
  SetLength(S,Len);
  If (Buf<>Nil) and (Len>0) then
    Move (Buf[0],S[1],Len*sizeof(UnicodeChar));
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PUNICODECHAR}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PCHAR}
{$define FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PCHAR}
Procedure fpc_setstring_unicodestr_pansichar(Out S : UnicodeString; Buf : PAnsiChar; Len : SizeInt); compilerproc;
begin
  If (Buf<>Nil) and (Len>0) then
    widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc(Buf,DefaultSystemCodePage,S,Len)
  else
    SetLength(S,Len);
end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_SETSTRING_UNICODESTR_PCHAR}


{$ifndef FPUNONE}
Function fpc_Val_Real_UnicodeStr(Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): ValReal; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_REAL_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_Real_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
      SS:=ShortString(S);
      Val(SS,fpc_Val_Real_UnicodeStr,code);
    end;
end;
{$endif}


{$ifndef FPC_STR_ENUM_INTERN}
function fpc_val_enum_unicodestr(str2ordindex:pointer;const s:unicodestring;out code:valsint):longint;compilerproc;
var
  ss: ShortString;
begin
  if length(s)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
      ss:=ShortString(s);
      val(ss,fpc_val_enum_unicodestr,code);
    end;
end;
{$endif FPC_STR_ENUM_INTERN}


Function fpc_Val_Currency_UnicodeStr(Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): Currency; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_CURRENCY_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  if length(S)>255 then
    begin
      fpc_Val_Currency_UnicodeStr:=0;
      code:=256;
    end
  else
    begin
      SS:=ShortString(S);
      Val(SS,fpc_Val_Currency_UnicodeStr,code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_UInt_UnicodeStr ({$ifndef VER3_2}DestSize: SizeInt;{$endif VER3_2} Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): ValUInt; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_UINT_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_UInt_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
      SS:=ShortString(S);
      Val(SS,fpc_Val_UInt_UnicodeStr,code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_SInt_UnicodeStr (DestSize: SizeInt; Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): ValSInt; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_SINT_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_SInt_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
      SS:=ShortString(S);
      fpc_Val_SInt_UnicodeStr := int_Val_SInt_ShortStr(DestSize,SS,Code);
    end;
end;


{$ifndef CPU64}

Function fpc_Val_qword_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): qword; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_QWORD_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_qword_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_qword_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_int64_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): Int64; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_INT64_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_int64_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_int64_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;

{$endif CPU64}


{$if defined(CPU16) or defined(CPU8)}
Function fpc_Val_longword_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): longword; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_LONGWORD_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_longword_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_longword_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_longint_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): LongInt; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_LONGINT_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_longint_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_longint_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_word_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): word; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_WORD_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_word_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_word_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;


Function fpc_Val_smallint_UnicodeStr (Const S : UnicodeString; out Code : ValSInt): SmallInt; [public, alias:'FPC_VAL_SMALLINT_UNICODESTR']; compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_Val_smallint_UnicodeStr:=0;
  if length(S)>255 then
    code:=256
  else
    begin
       SS:=ShortString(S);
       Val(SS,fpc_Val_smallint_UnicodeStr,Code);
    end;
end;
{$endif CPU16 or CPU8}


{$ifndef FPUNONE}
procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Float(d : ValReal;len,fr,rt : SizeInt;out s : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
var
  ss: shortstring;
begin
  str_real(len,fr,d,treal_type(rt),ss);
  s:=UnicodeString(ss);
end;
{$endif}


{$ifndef FPC_STR_ENUM_INTERN}
procedure fpc_unicodestr_enum(ordinal,len:sizeint;typinfo,ord2strindex:pointer;out s:unicodestring);compilerproc;
var
  ss: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_shortstr_enum(ordinal,len,typinfo,ord2strindex,ss);
  s:=UnicodeString(ss);
end;
{$endif FPC_STR_ENUM_INTERN}

procedure fpc_unicodestr_bool(b : boolean;len:sizeint;out s:unicodestring);compilerproc;
var
  ss: ShortString;
begin
  fpc_shortstr_bool(b,len,ss);
  s:=UnicodeString(ss);
end;

procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Currency(c : Currency;len,fr : SizeInt;out s : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
var
  ss: shortstring;
begin
  str(c:len:fr,ss);
  s:=UnicodeString(ss);
end;

Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_SInt(v : ValSint; Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  Str (v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_UInt(v : ValUInt;Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  str(v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


{$ifndef CPU64}

Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Int64(v : Int64; Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  Str (v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Qword(v : Qword;Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  str(v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;

{$endif CPU64}


{$if defined(CPU16) or defined(CPU8)}

Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_LongInt(v : LongInt; Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  Str (v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_LongWord(v : LongWord;Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  str(v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_SmallInt(v : SmallInt; Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  Str (v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;


Procedure fpc_UnicodeStr_Word(v : Word;Len : SizeInt; out S : UnicodeString);compilerproc;
Var
  SS: ShortString;
begin
  str(v:Len,SS);
  S:=UnicodeString(SS);
end;

{$endif CPU16 or CPU8}


function UnicodeToUtf8(Dest: PAnsiChar; Source: PUnicodeChar; MaxBytes: SizeInt): SizeInt;{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}
  begin
    if assigned(Source) then
      Result:=UnicodeToUtf8(Dest,MaxBytes,Source,Length(Source))
    else
      Result:=0;
  end;


function UnicodeToUtf8(Dest: PAnsiChar; MaxDestBytes: SizeUInt; Source: PUnicodeChar; SourceChars: SizeUInt): SizeUInt;
{$ifdef EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}
begin
  runerror(217);
end;
{$else EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}
  var
    i,j : SizeUInt;
    lw : longword;
  begin
    result:=0;
    if source=nil then
      exit;
    i:=0;
    j:=0;
    if assigned(Dest) then
      begin
        while (i<SourceChars) and (j<MaxDestBytes) do
          begin
            lw:=ord(Source[i]);
            case lw of
              0..$7f:
                begin
                  Dest[j]:=AnsiChar(lw);
                  inc(j);
                end;
              $80..$7ff:
                begin
                  if j+1>=MaxDestBytes then
                    break;
                  Dest[j]:=AnsiChar($c0 or (lw shr 6));
                  Dest[j+1]:=AnsiChar($80 or (lw and $3f));
                  inc(j,2);
                end;
              $800..$d7ff,$e000..$ffff:
                begin
                  if j+2>=MaxDestBytes then
                    break;
                  Dest[j]:=AnsiChar($e0 or (lw shr 12));
                  Dest[j+1]:=AnsiChar($80 or ((lw shr 6) and $3f));
                  Dest[j+2]:=AnsiChar($80 or (lw and $3f));
                  inc(j,3);
                end;
              $d800..$dbff:
                {High Surrogates}
                begin
                  if j+3>=MaxDestBytes then
                    break;
                  if (i+1<sourcechars) and
                     (word(Source[i+1]) >= $dc00) and
                     (word(Source[i+1]) <= $dfff) then
                    begin
                      { $d7c0 is ($d800 - ($10000 shr 10)) }
                      lw:=(longword(lw-$d7c0) shl 10) + (ord(source[i+1]) xor $dc00);
                      Dest[j]:=AnsiChar($f0 or (lw shr 18));
                      Dest[j+1]:=AnsiChar($80 or ((lw shr 12) and $3f));
                      Dest[j+2]:=AnsiChar($80 or ((lw shr 6) and $3f));
                      Dest[j+3]:=AnsiChar($80 or (lw and $3f));
                      inc(j,4);
                      inc(i);
                    end;
                end;
              end;
            inc(i);
          end;

        if j>SizeUInt(MaxDestBytes-1) then
          j:=MaxDestBytes-1;

        Dest[j]:=#0;
      end
    else
      begin
        while i<SourceChars do
          begin
            case word(Source[i]) of
              $0..$7f:
                inc(j);
              $80..$7ff:
                inc(j,2);
              $800..$d7ff,$e000..$ffff:
                inc(j,3);
              $d800..$dbff:
                begin
                  if (i+1<sourcechars) and
                     (word(Source[i+1]) >= $dc00) and
                     (word(Source[i+1]) <= $dfff) then
                    begin
                      inc(j,4);
                      inc(i);
                    end;
                end;
            end;
            inc(i);
          end;
      end;
    result:=j+1;
  end;
{$endif EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}


function Utf8ToUnicode(Dest: PUnicodeChar; Source: PAnsiChar; MaxChars: SizeInt): SizeInt;{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}
  begin
    if assigned(Source) then
      Result:=Utf8ToUnicode(Dest,MaxChars,Source,length(Source),True)
    else
      Result:=0;
  end;


function UTF8ToUnicode(Dest: PUnicodeChar; MaxDestChars: SizeUInt; Source: PAnsiChar; SourceBytes: SizeUInt): SizeUInt;{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}

begin
  Result:=Utf8ToUnicode(Dest,MaxDestChars,Source,SourceBytes,True);
end;

function Utf8ToUnicode(Dest: PUnicodeChar; MaxDestChars: SizeUInt; Source: PAnsiChar; SourceBytes: SizeUInt; IgnoreInvalid : Boolean): SizeUInt;

{$ifdef EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}
begin
  runerror(217);
end;
{$else EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}
  var
    SourcePos,DestPos: SizeUint;
    UC: int32;
  begin
    if not Assigned(Source) then
      exit(0);
    SourcePos:=0;
    DestPos:=0;

    if Assigned(Dest) then
      begin
        if SourcePos<SourceBytes then { “repeat until false” + “if C then continue else break” is used instead of “while C” + “continue” for better codegen. }
          repeat
            { See generic.inc:Utf8CodePointLen for explanations. Not continuing = invalid or incomplete character. }
            if DestPos>=MaxDestChars then { Speculate 1 unicodechar. }
              break;
            inc(DestPos);
            UC:=ord(Source[SourcePos]);
            case uint32(UC) of
              0..$7F:
                begin
                  Dest[DestPos-1]:=unicodechar(UC);
                  inc(SourcePos);
                  if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                end;
              $C2..$DF:
                if (SourcePos+1<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) then
                  begin
                    Dest[DestPos-1]:=unicodechar(UC and $1F shl 6 or ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $3F);
                    inc(SourcePos,2);
                    if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                  end;
              $E0..$EF:
                if (SourcePos+2<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $C0=$80) then
                  begin
                    UC:=UC and $F shl 12 or ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $3F shl 6 or ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $3F;
                    if (UC>=$800) and (UC<=$FFFD) and not ((UC>=$D800) and (UC<=$DFFF)) then
                      begin
                        Dest[DestPos-1]:=unicodechar(UC);
                        inc(SourcePos,3);
                        if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                      end;
                  end;
              $F0..$F4:
                if (SourcePos+3<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+3]) and $C0=$80) then
                  begin
                    UC:=UC and $7 shl 18 or ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $3F shl 12 or ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $3F shl 6 or ord(Source[SourcePos+3]) and $3F-$10000;
                    if Cardinal(UC)<=$10FFFF-$10000 then
                      begin
                        dec(DestPos);
                        if DestPos+1>=MaxDestChars then { 2 unicodechars. }
                          break;
                        Dest[DestPos]:=unicodechar($D800+UC shr 10);
                        Dest[DestPos+1]:=unicodechar($DC00+UC and $3ff);
                        inc(SourcePos,4);
                        inc(DestPos,2);
                        if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                      end;
                  end;
            end;
            { Invalid or incomplete character. }
            if not IgnoreInvalid then
              HandleError(231); // Will be converted to EConversionError in sysutils
            inc(SourcePos); { Skip first byte. }
            if ord(Source[SourcePos-1]) and $C0<>$80 then { If first byte is not a continuation byte... }
              while (SourcePos<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos]) and $C0=$80) do { ..Then skip continuation bytes. }
                inc(SourcePos);
            Dest[DestPos-1]:='?';
            if SourcePos>=SourceBytes then break; { Do not add a condition to the loop, or “continue”s will jump to it instead of the beginning! }
          until false;
        if DestPos<MaxDestChars then { Null-terminate... if there is space. Count in result in either case. }
          Dest[DestPos]:=#0;
      end
    else
      { Same as above but without writing Dest. }
      if SourcePos<SourceBytes then
        repeat
          UC:=ord(Source[SourcePos]);
          inc(DestPos); { Speculate 1 unicodechar. }
          case uint32(UC) of
            0..$7F:
              begin
                inc(SourcePos);
                if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
              end;
            $C2..$DF:
              if (SourcePos+1<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) then
                begin
                  inc(SourcePos,2);
                  if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                end;
            $E0..$EF:
              if (SourcePos+2<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $C0=$80) then
                begin
                  UC:=UC and $F shl 12 or ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $3F shl 6 or ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $3F;
                  if (UC>=$800) and (UC<=$FFFD) and not ((UC>=$D800) and (UC<=$DFFF)) then
                    begin
                      inc(SourcePos,3);
                      if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                    end;
                end;
            $F0..$F4:
              if (SourcePos+3<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $C0=$80) and (ord(Source[SourcePos+3]) and $C0=$80) then
                begin
                  UC:=UC and $7 shl 18 or ord(Source[SourcePos+1]) and $3F shl 12 or ord(Source[SourcePos+2]) and $3F shl 6 or ord(Source[SourcePos+3]) and $3F-$10000;
                  if Cardinal(UC)<=$10FFFF-$10000 then
                    begin
                      inc(SourcePos,4);
                      inc(DestPos); { To 2 unicodechars in total. }
                      if SourcePos<SourceBytes then continue else break;
                    end;
                end;
          end;
          if not IgnoreInvalid then
            HandleError(231);
          inc(SourcePos);
          if ord(Source[SourcePos-1]) and $C0<>$80 then
            while (SourcePos<SourceBytes) and (ord(Source[SourcePos]) and $C0=$80) do
              inc(SourcePos);
          if SourcePos>=SourceBytes then break;
        until false;
    Result:=DestPos+1 {null terminator, in both branches};
  end;
{$endif EXCLUDE_COMPLEX_PROCS}


function UTF8Encode(const s : RawByteString) : RawByteString; inline;
  begin
    Result:=UTF8Encode(UnicodeString(s));
  end;


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UTF8ENCODE_UNICODESTRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_UTF8ENCODE_UNICODESTRING}
function UTF8Encode(const s : UnicodeString) : RawByteString;
  var
    i : SizeInt;
    hs : UTF8String;
  begin
    result:='';
    if Length(s)=0 then
      exit;
    SetLength(hs,length(s)*3);
    i:=UnicodeToUtf8(pansichar(hs),length(hs)+1,PUnicodeChar(s),length(s));
    if i>0 then
      begin
        SetLength(hs,i-1);
        result:=hs;
      end;
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UTF8ENCODE_UNICODESTRING}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UTF8DECODE_UNICODESTRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_UTF8DECODE_UNICODESTRING}
function UTF8Decode(const s : RawByteString): UnicodeString;
  var
    i : SizeInt;
    hs : UnicodeString;
  begin
    result:='';
    if Length(s)=0 then
      exit;
    SetLength(hs,length(s));
    i:=Utf8ToUnicode(PUnicodeChar(hs),length(hs)+1,pansichar(s),length(s));
    if i>0 then
      begin
        SetLength(hs,i-1);
        result:=hs;
      end;
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UTF8DECODE_UNICODESTRING}


function AnsiToUtf8(const s : RawByteString): RawByteString;{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}
  begin
    Result:=Utf8Encode(s);
  end;


function Utf8ToAnsi(const s : RawByteString) : RawByteString;{$ifdef SYSTEMINLINE}inline;{$endif}
  begin
    Result:=RawByteString(Utf8Decode(s));
  end;


{$ifdef FPC_HAS_FEATURE_DYNARRAYS}
procedure UCS4Encode(p: PWideChar; len: sizeint; out res: UCS4String);
  var
    i, reslen: sizeint;
    w: longint;
  begin
    reslen:=0;
    i:=0;
    { calculate required length }
    while (i<len) do
      begin
        if (p[i]<=#$d7ff) or (p[i]>=#$e000) then
          inc(i)
        else if (p[i]<=#$dbff) and
          (i+1<len) and
          (p[i+1]>=#$dc00) and
          (p[i+1]<=#$dfff) then
          inc(i,2)
        else
          inc(i);
        inc(reslen);
      end;
    SetLength(res,reslen+1); { +1 for null termination }
    reslen:=0;
    i:=0;
    { do conversion }
    while (i<len) do
      begin
        w:=ord(p[i]);
        if (w<=$d7ff) or (w>=$e000) then
          res[reslen]:=w
        else if (w<=$dbff) and
          (i+1<len) and
          (p[i+1]>=#$dc00) and
          (p[i+1]<=#$dfff) then
          begin
            res[reslen]:=(UCS4Char(w-$d7c0) shl 10)+(UCS4Char(p[i+1]) xor $dc00);
            inc(i);
          end
        else { invalid surrogate pair }
          res[reslen]:=w;
        inc(i);
        inc(reslen);
      end;
    res[reslen]:=0;
  end;

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_UNICODESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_UNICODESTR}
function UnicodeStringToUCS4String(const s : UnicodeString) : UCS4String;
  begin
    UCS4Encode(PWideChar(s),Length(s),result);
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_UNICODESTR}

{$ifndef FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UCS4STRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UCS4STRING}
function WideStringToUCS4String(const s : WideString) : UCS4String;
  begin
    UCS4Encode(PWideChar(s),Length(s),result);
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_WIDESTR_TO_UCS4STRING}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_WIDESTR}
{$define FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_WIDESTR}
{ dest should point to previously allocated wide/unicodestring }
procedure UCS4Decode(const s: UCS4String; dest: PWideChar);
var
  i: sizeint;
  nc: UCS4Char;
begin
  for i:=0 to length(s)-2 do  { -2 because s contains explicit terminating #0 }
    begin
      nc:=s[i];
      if (nc<=$ffff) then
        dest^:=widechar(nc)
      else if (dword(nc)<=$10ffff) then
        begin
          dest^:=widechar(nc shr 10 + $d7c0);
          { subtracting $10000 doesn't change low 10 bits }
          dest[1]:=widechar(nc and $3ff + $dc00);
          inc(dest);
        end
      else  { invalid code point }
        dest^:='?';
      inc(dest);
    end;
end;


function UCS4StringToUnicodeString(const s : UCS4String) : UnicodeString;
  var
    i        : SizeInt;
    reslen   : SizeInt;
  begin
    reslen:=0;
    for i:=0 to length(s)-2 do     { skip terminating #0 }
      Inc(reslen,1+ord((s[i]>$ffff) and (cardinal(s[i])<=$10ffff)));
    SetLength(result,reslen);
    UCS4Decode(s,pointer(result));
  end;


function UCS4StringToWideString(const s : UCS4String) : WideString;
  var
    i      : SizeInt;
    reslen : SizeInt;
  begin
    reslen:=0;
    for i:=0 to length(s)-2 do     { skip terminating #0 }
      Inc(reslen,1+ord((s[i]>$ffff) and (cardinal(s[i])<=$10ffff)));
    SetLength(result,reslen);
    UCS4Decode(s,pointer(result));
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_UCS4STRING_TO_WIDESTR}
{$endif FPC_HAS_FEATURE_DYNARRAYS}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_BUILTIN_WIDESTR_MANAGER}
const
  SNoUnicodestrings = 'This binary has no string conversion support compiled in.';
  SRecompileWithUnicodestrings = 'Recompile the application with a unit that installs a unicodestring manager in the program uses clause.';

procedure unimplementedunicodestring;
  begin
{$ifdef FPC_HAS_FEATURE_CONSOLEIO}
{$ifndef HAS_WIDESTRINGMANAGER}
{$ifndef FPC_SYSTEM_NO_VERBOSE_UNICODEERROR}
    If IsConsole then
      begin
      Writeln(StdErr,SNoUnicodestrings);
      Writeln(StdErr,SRecompileWithUnicodestrings);
      end;
{$endif FPC_SYSTEM_NO_VERBOSE_UNICODEERROR}
{$endif HAS_WIDESTRINGMANAGER}
{$endif FPC_HAS_FEATURE_CONSOLEIO}
    HandleErrorAddrFrameInd(234{RuntimeErrorExitCodes[reCodesetConversion]},get_pc_addr,get_frame);
  end;


function StringElementSize(const S: UnicodeString): Word; overload;
  begin
    if assigned(Pointer(S)) then
      Result:=PUnicodeRec(pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.ElementSize
    else
      Result:=SizeOf(UnicodeChar);
  end;


function StringRefCount(const S: UnicodeString): SizeInt; overload;
  begin
    if assigned(Pointer(S)) then
      Result:=PUnicodeRec(pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.Ref
    else
      Result:=0;
  end;


function StringCodePage(const S: UnicodeString): TSystemCodePage; overload;
  begin
    if assigned(Pointer(S)) then
      Result:=PUnicodeRec(pointer(S)-UnicodeFirstOff)^.CodePage
    else
      Result:=DefaultUnicodeCodePage;
  end;


{$push}
{$warnings off}
function StubUnicodeCase(const s : UnicodeString) : UnicodeString;
  begin
    unimplementedunicodestring;
  end;

function StubCompareUnicodeString(const s1, s2 : UnicodeString; Options : TCompareOptions) : PtrInt;
  begin
    unimplementedunicodestring;
  end;

function StubWideCase(const s: WideString): WideString;
  begin
    unimplementedunicodestring;
  end;

function StubCompareWideString(const s1, s2 : WideString; Options : TCompareOptions) : PtrInt;
  begin
    unimplementedunicodestring;
  end;
{$pop}

procedure initunicodestringmanager;
  begin
{$ifndef HAS_WIDESTRINGMANAGER}
    widestringmanager:=Default(TUnicodeStringManager);
{$ifdef FPC_WIDESTRING_EQUAL_UNICODESTRING}
    widestringmanager.Ansi2WideMoveProc:=@defaultAnsi2UnicodeMove;
{$else FPC_WIDESTRING_EQUAL_UNICODESTRING}
    widestringmanager.Ansi2WideMoveProc:=@DefaultAnsi2WideMove;
{$endif FPC_WIDESTRING_EQUAL_UNICODESTRING}
    widestringmanager.Wide2AnsiMoveProc:=@DefaultUnicode2AnsiMove;
    widestringmanager.UpperWideStringProc:=@StubWideCase;
    widestringmanager.LowerWideStringProc:=@StubWideCase;
    widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc:=@DefaultUnicode2AnsiMove;
    widestringmanager.Ansi2UnicodeMoveProc:=@DefaultAnsi2UnicodeMove;
    widestringmanager.UpperUnicodeStringProc:=@StubUnicodeCase;
    widestringmanager.LowerUnicodeStringProc:=@StubUnicodeCase;
    widestringmanager.GetStandardCodePageProc:=@DefaultGetStandardCodePage;
{$endif HAS_WIDESTRINGMANAGER}
    widestringmanager.CompareWideStringProc:=@StubCompareWideString;
//    widestringmanager.CompareTextWideStringProc:=@StubCompareWideString;
    widestringmanager.CompareUnicodeStringProc:=@StubCompareUnicodeString;
    widestringmanager.CharLengthPCharProc:=@DefaultCharLengthPChar;
    widestringmanager.CodePointLengthProc:=@DefaultCodePointLength;
  end;
{$endif FPC_HAS_BUILTIN_WIDESTR_MANAGER}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODESTRING}
{$define FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODESTRING}
Function ToSingleByteFileSystemEncodedFileName(const Str: UnicodeString): RawByteString;
Begin
  widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(punicodechar(Str),Result,
    DefaultFileSystemCodePage,Length(Str));
End;
{$endif FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODESTRING}


{$ifndef FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODECHARARRAY}
{$define FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODECHARARRAY}
Function ToSingleByteFileSystemEncodedFileName(const arr: array of widechar): RawByteString;
Begin
  widestringmanager.Unicode2AnsiMoveProc(@arr[0],Result,
    DefaultFileSystemCodePage,length(pwidechar(@arr[0])));
End;
{$endif FPC_HAS_TOSINGLEBYTEFILESYSTEMENCODEDFILENAME_UNICODECHARARRAY}

Function ToSingleByteFileSystemEncodedFileName(const Str: RawByteString): RawByteString;
Begin
  Result:=Str;
  SetCodePage(Result,DefaultFileSystemCodePage,True);
End;

{ Delphi compatibility: always interpret the data in the string as UTF-8,
  ignore any codepage }
function UTF8ToString(const S: RawByteString): UnicodeString; inline;
begin
  Result := UTF8Decode(S);
end;

function UTF8ToUnicodeString(const s : RawByteString): UnicodeString;
begin
   Result := UTF8Decode(S);
end;



function UTF8ToString(const S: ShortString): UnicodeString;
Var
  rs: RawByteString;
begin
  rs:=S;
  Result := UTF8Decode(rs);
end;

function UTF8ToUnicodeString(const S: ShortString): unicodestring;
begin
  Result:=UTF8ToString(S);
end;

function UTF8ToString(const S: PAnsiChar): UnicodeString;
var
  rs: RawByteString;
  Count: SizeInt;
begin
  Count := length(S);
  SetLength(rs, Count);
  if Count > 0 then
    fpc_pchar_ansistr_intern_charmove(S,0,rs,0,Count);
  Result := UTF8ToString(rs);
end;

function UTF8ToUnicodeString(const S: PAnsiChar): unicodestring;

begin
  Result:=UTF8ToString(S);
end;

{ byte and ansichar are the same on the JVM, and "array of" and "pointer to"
  are as well }
{$ifndef CPUJVM}
function UTF8ToString(const S: array of AnsiChar): UnicodeString;
var
  rs: RawByteString;
  Count: SizeInt;
begin
  Count := Length(S);
  SetLength(rs, Count);
  if Count > 0 then
    fpc_pchar_ansistr_intern_charmove(@S,Low(S),rs,0,Count);
  Result := UTF8ToString(rs);
end;

function UTF8ToString(const S: array of Byte): UnicodeString;
var
  rs: RawByteString;
  Count: SizeInt;
begin
  Count := Length(S);
  SetLength(rs, Count);
  if Count > 0 then
    fpc_pchar_ansistr_intern_charmove(pansichar(@S),Low(S),rs,0,Count);
  Result := UTF8ToString(rs);
end;
{$endif not CPUJVM}


Function LocaleNameToCodePage(const localename : shortstring; out codepage : TSystemCodePage) : Boolean;

begin
  Result:=(localename='UTF-8') or (localename='UTF8');
  if Result then
    CodePage:=CP_UTF8
  else 
    begin
    Result:=(localename='UTF-7') or (localename='UTF7');
    if Result then  
      CodePage:=CP_UTF7
    else 
      begin
      Result:=Assigned(LocaleNameToCodePageCallBack);
      If Result then
        LocaleNameToCodePageCallBack(LocaleName,CodePage,Result);
      end;
    end;  
end;