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+/*
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+ * AAIO Advanced I/O
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+ * -----------------
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+ *
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+ * Many people moving from Windows programming to UNIX program have problems
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+ * with the missing non-blocking getch() and getche() functions provided by
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+ * conio.h. This library provides the functionality of getch(), getche() and
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+ * kbhit(). It does not require an initialization (like curses) and does
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+ * not abuse the terminal (i.e. whenever the mode of the terminal is
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+ * changed its state is stored so it can be restored). For increased
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+ * efficiency there exists funcionality to allow abuse of the terminal as well
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+ * as functions to restore or reset the terminal when the application exits.
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+ */
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+
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+/*
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+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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+Hash: SHA1
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+
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+ * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 by Daniel Aarno - <[email protected]>
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+ * M. Sc. Electrical Engineering * http://www.nada.kth.se/~bishop
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+ *
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+ * All Rights Reserved
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+ * ATTRIBUTION ASSURANCE LICENSE (adapted from the original BSD license)
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+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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+ * modification, are permitted provided that the conditions below are met.
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+ * These conditions require a modest attribution to (the
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+ * "Author"), who hopes that its promotional value may help justify the
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+ * thousands of dollars in otherwise billable time invested in writing
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+ * this and other freely available, open-source software.
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+ *
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+ * 1. Redistributions of source code, in whole or part and with or without
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+ * modification (the "Code"), must prominently display this GPG-signed
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+ * text in verifiable form.
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+ * 2. Redistributions of the Code in binary form must be accompanied by
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+ * this GPG-signed text in any documentation and, each time the resulting
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+ * executable program or a program dependent thereon is launched, a
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+ * prominent display (e.g., splash screen or banner text) of the Author's
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+ * attribution information, which includes:
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+ * (a) Name ("Daniel Aarno"),
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+ * (b) Professional identification ("M. Sc. Electrical Engineering"), and
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+ * (c) URL ("http://www.nada.kth.se/~bishop").
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+ * 3. Neither the name nor any trademark of the Author may be used to
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+ * endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
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+ * prior written permission.
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+ * 4. Users are entirely responsible, to the exclusion of the Author and
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+ * any other persons, for compliance with (1) regulations set by owners or
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+ * administrators of employed equipment, (2) licensing terms of any other
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+ * software, and (3) local regulations regarding use, including those
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+ * regarding import, export, and use of encryption software.
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+ *
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+ * THIS FREE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND
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+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
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+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
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+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR ANY CONTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR
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+ * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
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+ * EFFECTS OF UNAUTHORIZED OR MALICIOUS NETWORK ACCESS;
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+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
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+ * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
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+ * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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+Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (GNU/Linux)
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+
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+iD8DBQFCHuXui6ECThHTSIkRAk9qAKCVs7kMSUtv5YhljeQsAA52EcjTFgCeNflz
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+w0lAUG3zeHQcJ+7t6tpce4s=
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+=qlVs
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+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
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+*/
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+
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+#include <stdlib.h>
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+#include <stdio.h>
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+#include <string.h>
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+
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+#include <unistd.h>
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+#include <errno.h>
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+
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+#include <sys/types.h>
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+#include <sys/wait.h>
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+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
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+
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+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_FILIO_H
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+//needed on solaris to get FIONREAD
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+#include <sys/filio.h>
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+#endif
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+
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+
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+#ifndef RESET_PATH
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+#define RESET_PATH "/usr/bin/reset"
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+#endif
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+#ifndef STTY_PATH
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+#define STTY_PATH "/bin/stty"
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+#endif
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+
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+#define STR_SIZE 256
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+
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+#define FREE(p) free(p); (p) = NULL;
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+
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+
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+static char g_stty_lock = 0;
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+static char g_echo = -1;
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+static char *g_stty_setting = NULL;
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+
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+//////////////////////////// HELPER FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////////////
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+
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+static int
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+get_stty_setting(char* buf, int nmemb)
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+{
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+ int p[2]; //pipe
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+ int stat;
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+ int n;
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+ pid_t pid;
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+
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+ errno = 0;
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+ pipe(p); //Create a pipe
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+
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+ if((pid = fork()) == 0) { //Child process
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+ char *const argv[] = {"stty", "-g", NULL};
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+ dup2(p[1], STDOUT_FILENO); //Connect the write end of the pipe to stdout
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+ close(p[0]); //close read end of pipe
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+ close(p[1]); //close read end of pipe (now connected to stdout)
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+
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+ execv(STTY_PATH, argv); //Start stty process
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+ exit(-1); //Should never get here
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+ }
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+
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+ if(pid <= 0) { //Fork failed
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ close(p[1]); //Close write end of pipe
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+ n = read(p[0], buf, nmemb - 1); //Read the data
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+ close(p[0]); //Close read end of pipe
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+ if(n >= 0) { //If we got some data, zero terminate the string
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+ buf[n] = '\0';
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+ }
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+
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+ if(n == nmemb - 1) { //Buffer to small
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+ errno = ENOMEM;
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ //Wait for child to finish
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+ wait(&stat);
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+
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+ if(n < 0) //If read failed, return error
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ if(!WIFEXITED(stat)) { //Child did not exit OK
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+ errno = ECHILD;
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ //Child exit OK, we read some data and all is well here, return exit
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+ //status of child
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+ return WEXITSTATUS(stat);
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+}
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+
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+static int
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+set_stty_setting(const char* s)
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+{
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+ char* buf;
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+ int l;
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+
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+ l = strlen(STTY_PATH);
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+ buf = (char*)malloc(strlen(s) + l + 1);
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+ (void)memcpy(buf, STTY_PATH, l);
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+ buf[l] = ' ';
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+ buf[l + 1] = '\0';
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+ (void)strcat(buf, s);
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+
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+ l = system(buf);
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+ FREE(buf);
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+
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+ return l;
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+}
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+
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+static int
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+getch_2(void)
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+{
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+ char buf[STR_SIZE];
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+ int i;
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+
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+ if(0 != get_stty_setting(buf, STR_SIZE)) {
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ //set stty to raw mode, no echo
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting("raw -echo")) {
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+ //if not able to set stty raw mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ i = getchar();
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting(buf)) {
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+ //Reset stty to original mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ system("stty -g > /dev/null");
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+
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+ if(i == EOF)
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ return i;
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+}
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+
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+static int
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+getche_2(void)
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+{
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+ char buf[STR_SIZE];
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+ int i;
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+
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+ if(0 != get_stty_setting(buf, STR_SIZE)) {
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ //set stty to raw mode, no echo
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting("raw echo")) {
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+ //if not able to set stty raw mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ i = getchar();
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting(buf)) {
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+ //Reset stty to original mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ if(i == EOF)
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ return i;
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+}
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+
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+static int
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+kbhit_2(void)
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+{
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+ char buf[STR_SIZE];
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+ int i;
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+
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+ if(0 != get_stty_setting(buf, STR_SIZE)) {
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ //set stty to raw mode, no echo
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting("raw -echo")) {
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+ //if not able to set stty raw mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ if(-1 == ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, FIONREAD, &i))
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting(buf)) {
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+ //Reset stty to original mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ return i;
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+}
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+
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+// EXPORTED LIBRARY ROUTINES //
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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+
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+int
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+aaio_grant_tty_lock(void)
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+{
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+ if(g_stty_lock) {
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+ errno = EPERM;
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ if(g_stty_setting == NULL) {
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+ g_stty_setting = (char*)malloc(STR_SIZE);
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+ if(g_stty_setting == NULL)
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ if(0 != get_stty_setting(g_stty_setting, STR_SIZE)) {
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+ FREE(g_stty_setting);
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ if(set_stty_setting("raw -echo") < 0) {
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+ FREE(g_stty_setting);
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ g_stty_lock = 1;
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+ g_echo = 0;
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+
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+ return 0;
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+}
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+
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+int
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+aaio_reset(void)
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+{
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+ if(set_stty_setting(g_stty_setting))
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ FREE(g_stty_setting);
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+ g_stty_lock = 0;
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+
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+ return 0;
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+}
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+
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+int
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+aaio_hard_reset(void)
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+{
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+ if(system(RESET_PATH))
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ FREE(g_stty_setting);
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+ g_stty_lock = 0;
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+
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+ return 0;
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+}
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+
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+int
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+getch(void)
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+{
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+ if(!g_stty_lock)
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+ return getch_2(); //Switch modes back and forth == slower
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+
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+ //We got the lock here, abuse the stty any way we like
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+ if(g_echo) { //We don't want echo
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+ g_echo = 0;
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+ if(0 != system("/bin/stty -echo")) //Disable echo
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ return getchar();
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+}
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+
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+int
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+getche(void)
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+{
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+ if(!g_stty_lock)
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+ return getche_2(); //Switch modes back and forth == slower
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+
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+ //We got the lock here, abuse the stty any way we like
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+ if(!g_echo) { //We want echo
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+ g_echo = 1;
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+ if(0 != system("/bin/stty echo")) //Enable echo
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+
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+ return getchar();
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+}
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+
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+int
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+kbhit(void)
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+{
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+ int i;
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+
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+ if(!g_stty_lock)
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+ return kbhit_2();
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+
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+ //We got the lock here, abuse the stty any way we like
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+
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+ if(g_echo) { //If we have echo, disable it
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+ g_echo = 0;
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+ if(0 != set_stty_setting("raw -echo")) {
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+ //if not able to set stty raw, no echo mode
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+ return -1;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ if(-1 == ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, FIONREAD, &i))
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+ return -1;
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+
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+ return i;
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+}
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+
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+int aaio_flush(void)
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+{
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+ int n = kbhit();
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+ int i;
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+
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+ for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
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+ (void)getch();
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+
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+ return n;
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+}
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richarddobson