ComposerDesktopProject/dev/science/cascade.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <structures.h>
#include <tkglobals.h>
#include <pnames.h>
#include <filetype.h>
#include <processno.h>
#include <modeno.h>
#include <logic.h>
#include <globcon.h>
#include <cdpmain.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <mixxcon.h>
#include <osbind.h>
#include <standalone.h>
#include <science.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sfsys.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <srates.h>


#ifdef unix
#define round(x) lround((x))
#endif

#define CASC_SPLICELEN (5)		//	mS default splicelen
#define MINECHO		(0.01)		//	-40dB, quietest echo heard
#define	CASPANCURVE	(0.4)		//	Causes pan to be faster at start
#define ROOT2		(1.4142136)
#define CAS_MAXLEVEL (0.95)

#define alternating	 is_rectified
#define spreading	 is_mapping
#define	echomax		 rampbrksize
#define	max_shredcnt total_windows

char errstr[2400];

int anal_infiles = 1;
int	sloom = 0;
int sloombatch = 0;

const char* cdp_version = "7.0.0";

//CDP LIB REPLACEMENTS
static int setup_cascade_application(dataptr dz);
static int parse_sloom_data(int argc,char *argv[],char ***cmdline,int *cmdlinecnt,dataptr dz);
static int parse_infile_and_check_type(char **cmdline,dataptr dz);
static int setup_cascade_param_ranges_and_defaults(dataptr dz);
static int handle_the_outfile(int *cmdlinecnt,char ***cmdline,dataptr dz);
static int setup_and_init_input_param_activity(dataptr dz,int tipc);
static int setup_input_param_defaultval_stores(int tipc,aplptr ap);
static int establish_application(dataptr dz);
static int initialise_vflags(dataptr dz);
static int setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(int storage_cnt,dataptr dz);
static int initialise_is_int_and_no_brk_constants(int storage_cnt,dataptr dz);
static int mark_parameter_types(dataptr dz,aplptr ap);
static int assign_file_data_storage(int infilecnt,dataptr dz);
static int get_tk_cmdline_word(int *cmdlinecnt,char ***cmdline,char *q);
static int get_the_process_no(char *prog_identifier_from_cmdline,dataptr dz);
static int get_the_mode_from_cmdline(char *str,dataptr dz);
static int setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(dataptr dz,int brkcnt);
static int handle_the_special_data(char *str,double *clipmin,dataptr dz);
static void pancalc(double position,double *leftgain,double *rightgain);
static int get_the_mode_from_cmdline(char *str,dataptr dz);
static int create_cascade_sndbufs(int clipmax,dataptr dz);
static int cascade_params_preprocess(int *clipmax,double *clipmin,int *is_shred,int *max_shredno,dataptr dz);
static void initialise_cascade_random_sequence(int seed);
static void do_shredding(int *shredcnt,int *csscnt,int passno,int cliplen,int spliclen,int max_shredno,dataptr dz);
static void permute_chunks(dataptr dz);
static void insert(int n,int t,dataptr dz);
static void prefix(int n,dataptr dz);
static void shuflup(int k,dataptr dz);
static int cascade(double clipmin,int clipmax,int is_shred,int max_shredno,dataptr dz);

/**************************************** MAIN *********************************************/

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	int exit_status;
	dataptr dz = NULL;
	char **cmdline;
	int  cmdlinecnt, is_shred = 0, max_shredno = 0;
	int n, clipmax;
	double clipmin = 0.0;
	aplptr ap;
	int is_launched = FALSE;
	if(argc==2 && (strcmp(argv[1],"--version") == 0)) {
		fprintf(stdout,"%s\n",cdp_version);
		fflush(stdout);
		return 0;
	}
						/* CHECK FOR SOUNDLOOM */
	if((sloom = sound_loom_in_use(&argc,&argv)) > 1) {
		sloom = 0;
		sloombatch = 1;
	}
	if(sflinit("cdp")){
		sfperror("cdp: initialisation\n");
		return(FAILED);
	}
						  /* SET UP THE PRINCIPLE DATASTRUCTURE */
	if((exit_status = establish_datastructure(&dz))<0) {					// CDP LIB
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	dz->itemcnt = 0;
	if(!sloom) {
		if(argc == 1) {
			usage1();	
			return(FAILED);
		} else if(argc == 2) {
			usage2(argv[1]);	
			return(FAILED);
		}
	}
	if(!sloom) {
		if((exit_status = make_initial_cmdline_check(&argc,&argv))<0) {		// CDP LIB
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(FAILED);
		}
		cmdline    = argv;
		cmdlinecnt = argc;
		if((exit_status = get_the_process_no(argv[0],dz))<0) {
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(FAILED);
		}
		cmdline++;
		cmdlinecnt--;
		dz->maxmode = 10;
		if((exit_status = get_the_mode_from_cmdline(cmdline[0],dz))<0) {
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(exit_status);
		}
		cmdline++;
		cmdlinecnt--;
		// setup_particular_application =
		if((exit_status = setup_cascade_application(dz))<0) {
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(FAILED);
		}
		if((exit_status = count_and_allocate_for_infiles(cmdlinecnt,cmdline,dz))<0) {		// CDP LIB
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(FAILED);
		}
	} else {
		//parse_TK_data() =
		if((exit_status = parse_sloom_data(argc,argv,&cmdline,&cmdlinecnt,dz))<0) {
			exit_status = print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(exit_status);		 
		}
	}
	ap = dz->application;

	// parse_infile_and_hone_type() = 
	if((exit_status = parse_infile_and_check_type(cmdline,dz))<0) {
		exit_status = print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	// setup_param_ranges_and_defaults() =
	if((exit_status = setup_cascade_param_ranges_and_defaults(dz))<0) {
		exit_status = print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	// open_first_infile		CDP LIB
	if((exit_status = open_first_infile(cmdline[0],dz))<0) {	
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);	
		return(FAILED);
	}
	cmdlinecnt--;
	cmdline++;

//	handle_extra_infiles() : redundant
	// handle_outfile() = 
	if((exit_status = handle_the_outfile(&cmdlinecnt,&cmdline,dz))<0) {
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}

//	handle_formants()			redundant
//	handle_formant_quiksearch()	redundant
	if((dz->lparray = (int **)malloc(5 * sizeof(int *)))==NULL) {			//	Arrays for input cut times, and shred-cut times
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create \"int\" arrays.\n");	//	and for remembering randomised vals, for use in 2nd pass
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);												//	(to ensure output level does not change).
	}
	if(dz->mode >= 5) {
		if((exit_status = handle_the_special_data(cmdline[0],&clipmin,dz))<0) {
			print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
			return(FAILED);
		}
		cmdlinecnt--;
		cmdline++;
	}
	if((exit_status = read_parameters_and_flags(&cmdline,&cmdlinecnt,dz))<0) {		// CDP LIB
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
//	check_param_validity_and_consistency()		redundant
	is_launched = TRUE;
	dz->bufcnt = 6;
	if((dz->sampbuf = (float **)malloc(sizeof(float *) * (dz->bufcnt+1)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY establishing sample buffers.\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->sbufptr = (float **)malloc(sizeof(float *) * dz->bufcnt))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY establishing sample buffer pointers.\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	for(n = 0;n <dz->bufcnt; n++)
		dz->sampbuf[n] = dz->sbufptr[n] = (float *)0;
	dz->sampbuf[n] = (float *)0;

	//param_preprocess()
	if((exit_status = cascade_params_preprocess(&clipmax,&clipmin,&is_shred,&max_shredno,dz))<0) {
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	if((exit_status = create_cascade_sndbufs(clipmax,dz))<0) {
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	//spec_process_file =
	if((exit_status = cascade(clipmin,clipmax,is_shred,max_shredno,dz))<0) {
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	if((exit_status = complete_output(dz))<0) {										// CDP LIB
		print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(exit_status,is_launched,dz);
		return(FAILED);
	}
	exit_status = print_messages_and_close_sndfiles(FINISHED,is_launched,dz);		// CDP LIB
	free(dz);
	return(SUCCEEDED);
}

/**********************************************
		REPLACED CDP LIB FUNCTIONS
**********************************************/


/****************************** SET_PARAM_DATA *********************************/

int set_param_data(aplptr ap, int special_data,int maxparamcnt,int paramcnt,char *paramlist)
{
	ap->special_data   = (char)special_data;	   
	ap->param_cnt      = (char)paramcnt;
	ap->max_param_cnt  = (char)maxparamcnt;
	if(ap->max_param_cnt>0) {
		if((ap->param_list = (char *)malloc((size_t)(ap->max_param_cnt+1)))==NULL) {	
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: for param_list\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		strcpy(ap->param_list,paramlist); 
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/****************************** SET_VFLGS *********************************/

int set_vflgs
(aplptr ap,char *optflags,int optcnt,char *optlist,char *varflags,int vflagcnt, int vparamcnt,char *varlist)
{
	ap->option_cnt 	 = (char) optcnt;			/*RWD added cast */
	if(optcnt) {
		if((ap->option_list = (char *)malloc((size_t)(optcnt+1)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: for option_list\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		strcpy(ap->option_list,optlist);
		if((ap->option_flags = (char *)malloc((size_t)(optcnt+1)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: for option_flags\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		strcpy(ap->option_flags,optflags); 
	}
	ap->vflag_cnt = (char) vflagcnt;		   
	ap->variant_param_cnt = (char) vparamcnt;
	if(vflagcnt) {
		if((ap->variant_list  = (char *)malloc((size_t)(vflagcnt+1)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: for variant_list\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		strcpy(ap->variant_list,varlist);		
		if((ap->variant_flags = (char *)malloc((size_t)(vflagcnt+1)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: for variant_flags\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		strcpy(ap->variant_flags,varflags);

	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/***************************** APPLICATION_INIT **************************/

int application_init(dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	int storage_cnt;
	int tipc, brkcnt;
	aplptr ap = dz->application;
	if(ap->vflag_cnt>0)
		initialise_vflags(dz);	  
	tipc  = ap->max_param_cnt + ap->option_cnt + ap->variant_param_cnt;
	ap->total_input_param_cnt = (char)tipc;
	if(tipc>0) {
		if((exit_status = setup_input_param_range_stores(tipc,ap))<0)			  
			return(exit_status);
		if((exit_status = setup_input_param_defaultval_stores(tipc,ap))<0)		  
			return(exit_status);
		if((exit_status = setup_and_init_input_param_activity(dz,tipc))<0)	  
			return(exit_status);
	}
	brkcnt = tipc;
	//THERE ARE NO INPUTFILE brktables USED IN THIS PROCESS
	if(brkcnt>0) {
		if((exit_status = setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(dz,brkcnt))<0)			  
			return(exit_status);
	}
	if((storage_cnt = tipc + ap->internal_param_cnt)>0) {		  
		if((exit_status = setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(storage_cnt,dz))<0)	  
			return(exit_status);
		if((exit_status = initialise_is_int_and_no_brk_constants(storage_cnt,dz))<0)	  
			return(exit_status);
	}													   
 	if((exit_status = mark_parameter_types(dz,ap))<0)	  
		return(exit_status);
	
	// establish_infile_constants() replaced by
	dz->infilecnt = 1;
	//establish_bufptrs_and_extra_buffers():
	return(FINISHED);
}

/********************** SETUP_PARAMETER_STORAGE_AND_CONSTANTS ********************/
/* RWD mallo changed to calloc; helps debug verison run as release! */

int setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(int storage_cnt,dataptr dz)
{
	if((dz->param       = (double *)calloc(storage_cnt, sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(): 1\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->iparam      = (int    *)calloc(storage_cnt, sizeof(int)   ))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(): 2\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->is_int      = (char   *)calloc(storage_cnt, sizeof(char)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(): 3\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->no_brk      = (char   *)calloc(storage_cnt, sizeof(char)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_parameter_storage_and_constants(): 5\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/************** INITIALISE_IS_INT_AND_NO_BRK_CONSTANTS *****************/

int initialise_is_int_and_no_brk_constants(int storage_cnt,dataptr dz)
{
	int n;
	for(n=0;n<storage_cnt;n++) {
		dz->is_int[n] = (char)0;
		dz->no_brk[n] = (char)0;
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/***************************** MARK_PARAMETER_TYPES **************************/

int mark_parameter_types(dataptr dz,aplptr ap)
{
	int n, m;							/* PARAMS */
	for(n=0;n<ap->max_param_cnt;n++) {
		switch(ap->param_list[n]) {
		case('0'):	break; /* dz->is_active[n] = 0 is default */
		case('i'):	dz->is_active[n] = (char)1; dz->is_int[n] = (char)1;dz->no_brk[n] = (char)1; break;
		case('I'):	dz->is_active[n] = (char)1;	dz->is_int[n] = (char)1; 						 break;
		case('d'):	dz->is_active[n] = (char)1;							dz->no_brk[n] = (char)1; break;
		case('D'):	dz->is_active[n] = (char)1;	/* normal case: double val or brkpnt file */	 break;
		default:
			sprintf(errstr,"Programming error: invalid parameter type in mark_parameter_types()\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
	}						 		/* OPTIONS */
	for(n=0,m=ap->max_param_cnt;n<ap->option_cnt;n++,m++) {
		switch(ap->option_list[n]) {
		case('i'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; dz->is_int[m] = (char)1;	dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1; break;
		case('I'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; dz->is_int[m] = (char)1; 						 break;
		case('d'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; 							dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1; break;
		case('D'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1;	/* normal case: double val or brkpnt file */	 break;
		default:
			sprintf(errstr,"Programming error: invalid option type in mark_parameter_types()\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
	}								/* VARIANTS */
	for(n=0,m=ap->max_param_cnt + ap->option_cnt;n < ap->variant_param_cnt; n++, m++) {
		switch(ap->variant_list[n]) {
		case('0'): break;
		case('i'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; dz->is_int[m] = (char)1;	dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1; break;
		case('I'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; dz->is_int[m] = (char)1;	 						 break;
		case('d'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; 							dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1; break;
		case('D'): dz->is_active[m] = (char)1; /* normal case: double val or brkpnt file */		 break;
		default:
			sprintf(errstr,"Programming error: invalid variant type in mark_parameter_types()\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
	}								/* INTERNAL */
	for(n=0,
	m=ap->max_param_cnt + ap->option_cnt + ap->variant_param_cnt; n<ap->internal_param_cnt; n++,m++) {
		switch(ap->internal_param_list[n]) {
		case('0'):  break;	 /* dummy variables: variables not used: but important for internal paream numbering!! */
		case('i'):	dz->is_int[m] = (char)1;	dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1;	break;
		case('d'):								dz->no_brk[m] = (char)1;	break;
		default:
			sprintf(errstr,"Programming error: invalid internal param type in mark_parameter_types()\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/************************ HANDLE_THE_OUTFILE *********************/

int handle_the_outfile(int *cmdlinecnt,char ***cmdline,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	char *filename = (*cmdline)[0];
	if(filename[0]=='-' && filename[1]=='f') {
		dz->floatsam_output = 1;
		dz->true_outfile_stype = SAMP_FLOAT;
		filename+= 2;
	}
	if(!sloom) {
		if(file_has_invalid_startchar(filename) || value_is_numeric(filename)) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Outfile name %s has invalid start character(s) or looks too much like a number.\n",filename);
			return(DATA_ERROR);
		}
	}
	strcpy(dz->outfilename,filename);
	switch(dz->mode) {
	case(0):
	case(5):
		dz->outfile->channels = dz->infile->channels;
		break;
	case(1):
	case(2):
	case(6):
	case(7):
		dz->infile->channels  = 2;	//	Mono in, stereo out
		dz->outfile->channels = 2;
		break;
	case(3):
	case(4):
	case(8):
	case(9):
		dz->infile->channels  = 8;	//	Mono in, 8-chan out
		dz->outfile->channels = 8;
		break;
	}
	if((exit_status = create_sized_outfile(dz->outfilename,dz))<0)
		return(exit_status);
	switch(dz->mode) {
	case(0):
	case(5):
		break;	// input channels = output channels
	default:
		dz->infile->channels = 1;	//	Mono in
		break;
	}
	(*cmdline)++;
	(*cmdlinecnt)--;
	return(FINISHED);
}

/***************************** ESTABLISH_APPLICATION **************************/

int establish_application(dataptr dz)
{
	aplptr ap;
	if((dz->application = (aplptr)malloc(sizeof (struct applic)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"establish_application()\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	ap = dz->application;
	memset((char *)ap,0,sizeof(struct applic));
	return(FINISHED);
}

/************************* INITIALISE_VFLAGS *************************/

int initialise_vflags(dataptr dz)
{
	int n;
	if((dz->vflag  = (char *)malloc(dz->application->vflag_cnt * sizeof(char)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY: vflag store,\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	for(n=0;n<dz->application->vflag_cnt;n++)
		dz->vflag[n]  = FALSE;
	return FINISHED;
}

/************************* SETUP_INPUT_PARAM_DEFAULTVALS *************************/

int setup_input_param_defaultval_stores(int tipc,aplptr ap)
{
	int n;
	if((ap->default_val = (double *)malloc(tipc * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY for application default values store\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	for(n=0;n<tipc;n++)
		ap->default_val[n] = 0.0;
	return(FINISHED);
}

/***************************** SETUP_AND_INIT_INPUT_PARAM_ACTIVITY **************************/

int setup_and_init_input_param_activity(dataptr dz,int tipc)
{
	int n;
	if((dz->is_active = (char   *)malloc((size_t)tipc))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_param_activity()\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	for(n=0;n<tipc;n++)
		dz->is_active[n] = (char)0;
	return(FINISHED);
}

/************************* SETUP_CASCADE_APPLICATION *******************/

int setup_cascade_application(dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	aplptr ap;
	if((exit_status = establish_application(dz))<0)		// GLOBAL
		return(FAILED);
	ap = dz->application;
	// SEE parstruct FOR EXPLANATION of next 2 functions
	if(dz->mode < 5)  {
		if((exit_status = set_param_data(ap,0   ,3,3,"DID"))<0)
			return(FAILED);
	} else {
		if((exit_status = set_param_data(ap,CASCLIPS,3,1,"0I0"))<0)
			return(FAILED);
	}
	if((exit_status = set_vflgs(ap,"ersNC",5,"IDiII","aln",3,0,"000"))<0)
		return(FAILED);

	// set_legal_infile_structure -->
	dz->has_otherfile = FALSE;
	// assign_process_logic -->
	dz->input_data_type = SNDFILES_ONLY;
	dz->process_type	= UNEQUAL_SNDFILE;	
	dz->outfiletype  	= SNDFILE_OUT;
	return application_init(dz);	//GLOBAL
}

/************************* PARSE_INFILE_AND_CHECK_TYPE *******************/

int parse_infile_and_check_type(char **cmdline,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	infileptr infile_info;
	if(!sloom) {
		if((infile_info = (infileptr)malloc(sizeof(struct filedata)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY for infile structure to test file data.");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		} else if((exit_status = cdparse(cmdline[0],infile_info))<0) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Failed to parse input file %s\n",cmdline[0]);
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		} else if(infile_info->filetype != SNDFILE)  {
			sprintf(errstr,"File %s is not of correct type\n",cmdline[0]);
			return(DATA_ERROR);
		} else if(!(dz->mode == 0 || dz->mode == 5) && infile_info->channels != 1) {
			sprintf(errstr,"File %s is not of correct type for Mode %d\n",cmdline[0],dz->mode+1);
			return(DATA_ERROR);
		}
		if((exit_status = copy_parse_info_to_main_structure(infile_info,dz))<0) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Failed to copy file parsing information\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
		free(infile_info);
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/************************* SETUP_CASCADE_PARAM_RANGES_AND_DEFAULTS *******************/

int setup_cascade_param_ranges_and_defaults(dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	aplptr ap = dz->application;
	// set_param_ranges()
	ap->total_input_param_cnt = (char)(ap->max_param_cnt + ap->option_cnt + ap->variant_param_cnt);
	// NB total_input_param_cnt is > 0 !!!
	if((exit_status = setup_input_param_range_stores(ap->total_input_param_cnt,ap))<0)
		return(FAILED);
	// get_param_ranges()
	if(dz->mode < 5) {
		ap->lo[CAS_CLIP]	= 0.005;
		ap->hi[CAS_CLIP]	= 60.0;
		ap->default_val[CAS_CLIP]	= .5;
		ap->lo[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 0;
		ap->hi[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 60.0;
	}
	ap->lo[CAS_ECHO]	= 1;
	ap->hi[CAS_ECHO]	= 64;
	ap->default_val[CAS_ECHO] = 8;
	ap->default_val[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 0;
	ap->lo[CAS_MAXECHO] = 0;
	ap->hi[CAS_MAXECHO] = 64;
	ap->default_val[CAS_MAXECHO] = 0;
	ap->lo[CAS_RAND] = 0;
	ap->hi[CAS_RAND] = 1;
	ap->default_val[CAS_RAND] = 0;
	ap->lo[CAS_SEED] = 0;
	ap->hi[CAS_SEED] = 64;
	ap->default_val[CAS_SEED] = 1;
	ap->lo[CAS_SHREDNO] = 0;
	ap->hi[CAS_SHREDNO] = 64;
	ap->default_val[CAS_SHREDNO] = 0;
	ap->lo[CAS_SHREDCNT] = 0;
	ap->hi[CAS_SHREDCNT] = 64;
	ap->default_val[CAS_SHREDCNT] = 0;
	dz->maxmode = 10;
	if(!sloom)
		put_default_vals_in_all_params(dz);
	return(FINISHED);
}

/********************************* PARSE_SLOOM_DATA *********************************/

int parse_sloom_data(int argc,char *argv[],char ***cmdline,int *cmdlinecnt,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	int cnt = 1, infilecnt;
	int filesize, insams, inbrksize;
	double dummy;
	int true_cnt = 0;
	aplptr ap;

	while(cnt<=PRE_CMDLINE_DATACNT) {
		if(cnt > argc) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Insufficient data sent from TK\n");
			return(DATA_ERROR);
		}
		switch(cnt) {
		case(1):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->process)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read process no. sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;

		case(2):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->mode)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read mode no. sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			if(dz->mode > 0)
				dz->mode--;
			//setup_particular_application() =
			if((exit_status = setup_cascade_application(dz))<0)
				return(exit_status);
			ap = dz->application;
			break;

		case(3):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&infilecnt)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read infilecnt sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			if(infilecnt < 1) {
				true_cnt = cnt + 1;
				cnt = PRE_CMDLINE_DATACNT;	/* force exit from loop after assign_file_data_storage */
			}
			if((exit_status = assign_file_data_storage(infilecnt,dz))<0)
				return(exit_status);
			break;
		case(INPUT_FILETYPE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->filetype)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read filetype sent from TK (%s)\n",argv[cnt]);
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_FILESIZE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&filesize)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read infilesize sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			dz->insams[0] = filesize;	
			break;
		case(INPUT_INSAMS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&insams)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read insams sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			dz->insams[0] = insams;	
			break;
		case(INPUT_SRATE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->srate)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read srate sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_CHANNELS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->channels)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read channels sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_STYPE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->stype)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read stype sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_ORIGSTYPE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->origstype)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read origstype sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_ORIGRATE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->origrate)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read origrate sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_MLEN+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->Mlen)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read Mlen sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_DFAC+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->Dfac)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read Dfac sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_ORIGCHANS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->origchans)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read origchans sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_SPECENVCNT+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->infile->specenvcnt)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read specenvcnt sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			dz->specenvcnt = dz->infile->specenvcnt;
			break;
		case(INPUT_WANTED+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->wanted)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read wanted sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_WLENGTH+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->wlength)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read wlength sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_OUT_CHANS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->out_chans)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read out_chans sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
			/* RWD these chanegs to samps - tk will have to deal with that! */
		case(INPUT_DESCRIPTOR_BYTES+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->descriptor_samps)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read descriptor_samps sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_IS_TRANSPOS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->is_transpos)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read is_transpos sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_COULD_BE_TRANSPOS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->could_be_transpos)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read could_be_transpos sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_COULD_BE_PITCH+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->could_be_pitch)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read could_be_pitch sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_DIFFERENT_SRATES+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->different_srates)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read different_srates sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_DUPLICATE_SNDS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->duplicate_snds)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read duplicate_snds sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_BRKSIZE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&inbrksize)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read brksize sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			if(inbrksize > 0) {
				switch(dz->input_data_type) {
				case(WORDLIST_ONLY):
					break;
				case(PITCH_AND_PITCH):
				case(PITCH_AND_TRANSPOS):
				case(TRANSPOS_AND_TRANSPOS):
					dz->tempsize = inbrksize;
					break;
				case(BRKFILES_ONLY):
				case(UNRANGED_BRKFILE_ONLY):
				case(DB_BRKFILES_ONLY):
				case(ALL_FILES):
				case(ANY_NUMBER_OF_ANY_FILES):
					if(dz->extrabrkno < 0) {
						sprintf(errstr,"Storage location number for brktable not established by CDP.\n");
						return(DATA_ERROR);
					}
					if(dz->brksize == NULL) {
						sprintf(errstr,"CDP has not established storage space for input brktable.\n");
						return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
					}
					dz->brksize[dz->extrabrkno]	= inbrksize;
					break;
				default:
					sprintf(errstr,"TK sent brktablesize > 0 for input_data_type [%d] not using brktables.\n",
					dz->input_data_type);
					return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
				}
				break;
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_NUMSIZE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->numsize)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read numsize sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_LINECNT+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->linecnt)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read linecnt sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_ALL_WORDS+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%d",&dz->all_words)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read all_words sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_ARATE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%f",&dz->infile->arate)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read arate sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_FRAMETIME+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dummy)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read frametime sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			dz->frametime = (float)dummy;
			break;
		case(INPUT_WINDOW_SIZE+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%f",&dz->infile->window_size)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read window_size sent from TK\n");
					return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_NYQUIST+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->nyquist)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read nyquist sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_DURATION+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->duration)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read duration sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_MINBRK+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->minbrk)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read minbrk sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_MAXBRK+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->maxbrk)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read maxbrk sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_MINNUM+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->minnum)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read minnum sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		case(INPUT_MAXNUM+4):	
			if(sscanf(argv[cnt],"%lf",&dz->maxnum)!=1) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read maxnum sent from TK\n");
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			break;
		default:
			sprintf(errstr,"case switch item missing: parse_sloom_data()\n");
			return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
		}
		cnt++;
	}
	if(cnt!=PRE_CMDLINE_DATACNT+1) {
		sprintf(errstr,"Insufficient pre-cmdline params sent from TK\n");
		return(DATA_ERROR);
	}

	if(true_cnt)
		cnt = true_cnt;
	*cmdlinecnt = 0;		

	while(cnt < argc) {
		if((exit_status = get_tk_cmdline_word(cmdlinecnt,cmdline,argv[cnt]))<0)
			return(exit_status);
		cnt++;
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/********************************* GET_TK_CMDLINE_WORD *********************************/

int get_tk_cmdline_word(int *cmdlinecnt,char ***cmdline,char *q)
{
	if(*cmdlinecnt==0) {
		if((*cmdline = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *)))==NULL)	{
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY for TK cmdline array.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
	} else {
		if((*cmdline = (char **)realloc(*cmdline,((*cmdlinecnt)+1) * sizeof(char *)))==NULL)	{
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY for TK cmdline array.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
	}
	if(((*cmdline)[*cmdlinecnt] = (char *)malloc((strlen(q) + 1) * sizeof(char)))==NULL)	{
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY for TK cmdline item %d.\n",(*cmdlinecnt)+1);
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	strcpy((*cmdline)[*cmdlinecnt],q);
	(*cmdlinecnt)++;
	return(FINISHED);
}


/****************************** ASSIGN_FILE_DATA_STORAGE *********************************/

int assign_file_data_storage(int infilecnt,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	int no_sndfile_system_files = FALSE;
	dz->infilecnt = infilecnt;
	if((exit_status = allocate_filespace(dz))<0)
		return(exit_status);
	if(no_sndfile_system_files)
		dz->infilecnt = 0;
	return(FINISHED);
}



/************************* redundant functions: to ensure libs compile OK *******************/

int assign_process_logic(dataptr dz)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

void set_legal_infile_structure(dataptr dz)
{}

int set_legal_internalparam_structure(int process,int mode,aplptr ap)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

int setup_internal_arrays_and_array_pointers(dataptr dz)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

int establish_bufptrs_and_extra_buffers(dataptr dz)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

int read_special_data(char *str,dataptr dz)	
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

int inner_loop
(int *peakscore,int *descnt,int *in_start_portion,int *least,int *pitchcnt,int windows_in_buf,dataptr dz)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}

int get_process_no(char *prog_identifier_from_cmdline,dataptr dz)
{
	return(FINISHED);
}


/******************************** USAGE1 ********************************/

int usage1()
{
	usage2("cascade");
	return(USAGE_ONLY);
}

/********************************************************************************************/

int get_the_process_no(char *prog_identifier_from_cmdline,dataptr dz)
{
	if(!strcmp(prog_identifier_from_cmdline,"cascade"))				dz->process = CASCADE;
	else {
		sprintf(errstr,"Unknown program identification string '%s'\n",prog_identifier_from_cmdline);
		return(USAGE_ONLY);
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/******************************** SETUP_AND_INIT_INPUT_BRKTABLE_CONSTANTS ********************************/

int setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(dataptr dz,int brkcnt)
{	
	int n;
	if((dz->brk      = (double **)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(double *)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 1\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->brkptr   = (double **)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(double *)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 6\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->brksize  = (int    *)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 2\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->firstval = (double  *)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 3\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);												  
	}
	if((dz->lastind  = (double  *)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 4\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->lastval  = (double  *)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 5\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	if((dz->brkinit  = (int     *)malloc(brkcnt * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"setup_and_init_input_brktable_constants(): 7\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	for(n=0;n<brkcnt;n++) {
		dz->brk[n]     = NULL;
		dz->brkptr[n]  = NULL;
		dz->brkinit[n] = 0;
		dz->brksize[n] = 0;
	}
	return(FINISHED);
}

/******************************** USAGE2 ********************************/

int usage2(char *str)
{
	if(!strcmp(str,"cascade")) {
		fprintf(stdout,
	    "USAGE: cascade cascade 1-5  inf outf clipsize  echos clipmax [-eechosmax] \n"
	    "OR:    cascade cascade 6-10 inf outf cuts echos [-eechosmax]\n"
		"\n"
		"AND:	[-rrand] [-sseed] [-Nshredno -Cshredcnt -a] [-l] [-n]\n"
		"\n"
		"Successive segments of src are repeat-echoed, and echosets superimposed on src.\n"
		"\n"
		"Modes\n"
		"1,6:  N-channels in -> N channels out: Every echo in same N-channels.\n"
		"2,7:  Mono (left in output)  ->stereo: Echosets pan to right.\n"
		"3,8:  Mono (centre in output)->stereo: Echosets pan alternately to L and R.\n"
		"4,9:  Mono (ch1 in output) -> 8chan: Every echo steps R, to next channel.\n"
		"5,10: Mono (ch1 in outout) -> 8chan: Echos of 1st echoset step R,next set step L,etc.\n"
		"\n"
		"CLIPSIZE (Modes 1-5)  Duration of segments to echo. Time-variable.\n"
		"or       (Range .005 to 60 secs)\n"
		"CUTS     (Modes 6-10) Textfile of (successive) src cut-times, creating segs to echo.\n"
		"\n"
		"ECHOS    Number of echos. Time-variable. (Range 1 to 64)\n"
		"\n"
		"CLIPMAX  Max duration of clips (time-variable). \"CLIPSIZE\" now read as minimum.\n"
		"         Actual clipsize is a random val between \"clipsize\" and \"clipmax\".\n"
		"         If \"clipmax\" is set to zero, it is ignored.\n"
		"\n"
		"ECHOSMAX Max number of echos (time-variable). \"ECHOS\" now read as minimum.\n"
		"         Actual number of echos is a random val between \"echos\" and \"echosmax\".\n"
		"         If \"echosmax\" is set to zero, it is ignored.\n"
		"\n"
		"RAND     Randomise timesteps between echos in echo-set: Range 0-1, time-variable.\n"
		"SEED     With same non-zero value, randomised vals are exactly same on new pass.\n"
		"\n"
		"SHREDNO  In each echo-stream, cut previous echo into \"shredno\" parts,\n"
		"         and random-shuffle parts to make next echo. Range 2-16,time-variable.\n"
		"SHREDCNT No of shreds to do, to create next echo element. Range 1-16,time-variable.\n"
		"         BOTH \"shredno\" and \"shredcnt\" must be set for shredding to take place.\n" 
		"-a   Also shred original clip. Only valid if \"shredno\" & \"shredcnt\" set.\n"
		"\n"
		"-l   Echos decay linearly in level (default, log decay - initial decays faster).\n"
		"-n   If output low, normalise it. (high output is normalised by default).\n");
	} else
		fprintf(stdout,"Unknown option '%s'\n",str);
	return(USAGE_ONLY);
}

int usage3(char *str1,char *str2)
{
	fprintf(stderr,"Insufficient parameters on command line.\n");
	return(USAGE_ONLY);
}

/******************************** CASCADE ********************************/

int cascade(double clipmin,int clipmax,int is_shred,int max_shredno,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status, clipcnt, inchans, outchans, passno, panright, thischan;
	double thistime, atten, level, splicatten = -1.0, leftgain, rightgain, maxsamp, diff, pan, panfactor, normaliser = 0.0, srate, offset;
	int readsamps = 0, totalsamps = 0, totalabsamps, lastsamptime, ebufpos, obufpos, startobufpos, shredcnt, rcnt, csscnt;
	int outgrps, maxwrite, cliplen, rval, echocnt, samps_written, effective_cliplen, randrange, true_gp_ebufpos, true_gp_obufpos, offsetcnt, maxclips, e, n, m;
	int *cliparray = NULL, *clipstore = dz->lparray[3];
	double *offsets;
	float *ibuf, *echobuf, *obuf, *ovflwbuf;
	int spliclen, splicendstt, minclip;
	maxclips = (int)ceil(dz->duration/clipmin) + 4;				//	Maximum possible number of clips cut from file (+4 for SAFETY)
	if((offsets = (double *)malloc((maxclips * dz->echomax) * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create offsets array. (2)\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);										//	Stores any random offset values, during passno 0, for use in pass 1
	}
	if(is_shred && dz->iparam[CAS_SEED] == 0)						//	Shredding uses a rand process, which needs to be identical on the 2 passes
		dz->iparam[CAS_SEED] = 2;									//	SO if SEED has not been set (non-zero val) set a value now (2 : arbitrary)	
	dz->tempsize = (dz->insams[0]/dz->infile->channels) * dz->outfile->channels;
	ibuf	 = dz->sampbuf[0];
	echobuf  = dz->sampbuf[3];
	obuf	 = dz->sampbuf[4];
	ovflwbuf = dz->sampbuf[5];
	inchans  = dz->infile->channels;
	outchans = dz->outfile->channels;
	srate = (double)dz->infile->srate;
	spliclen = (int)round(CASC_SPLICELEN * MS_TO_SECS * srate);
	minclip = spliclen * 2 * inchans;
	if(dz->mode >= 5)
		cliparray = dz->lparray[0];

	for(passno = 0; passno < 2; passno++) {
		display_virtual_time(0,dz);
		initialise_cascade_random_sequence(dz->iparam[CAS_SEED]);
		switch(passno) {
		case(0): fprintf(stdout,"INFO: Checking level.\n");		break;
		case(1): fprintf(stdout,"INFO: Generating output.\n");	break;
		}
		fflush(stdout);
		memset((char *)obuf,0,dz->buflen2 * 2 * sizeof(float));		//	Empty obuf and ovflwbuf
		sndseekEx(dz->ifd[0],0,0);
		panright = 1;		//	default to pan to right
		clipcnt = 0;
		thistime = 0.0;
		lastsamptime = 0;
		totalabsamps = 0;
		obufpos = 0;
		maxsamp = 0.0;
		maxwrite = 0;
		offsetcnt = 0;
		true_gp_obufpos = 0;									//	unrandomised position in obuf, in grp-samples
		dz->total_samps_written = 0;
		shredcnt = 1;
		rcnt = 0;						//	Count randomised values of echocnt and cliplen				
		csscnt = 0;						//	Count randomised values of chunk scatter				
		for(;;) {
			if(dz->mode >= 5) {
				totalsamps = cliparray[clipcnt];		//	counted in groups
				cliplen = totalsamps - lastsamptime;
				lastsamptime = totalsamps;
			} else {
				if((exit_status = read_values_from_all_existing_brktables(thistime,dz))<0)
					return exit_status;
				dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP] = (int)round(dz->param[CAS_CLIP] * dz->infile->srate);
				if(dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] == 0.0) {
					cliplen = dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP];
				} else {
					if(passno == 0) {
						dz->iparam[CAS_MAXCLIP] = (int)round(dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] * dz->infile->srate);
						diff = dz->iparam[CAS_MAXCLIP] - dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP];
						rval = (int)floor(drand48() * diff);
						cliplen = dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP] + rval;
						clipstore[rcnt++] = cliplen;
					} else 
						cliplen = clipstore[rcnt++];
				}
			}
			if(clipcnt > 0)	{											//	After 1st clip, we baktrak by splicelen, to overlap with previous clip. 
				totalabsamps -= spliclen * dz->infile->channels;		//	So totalabssamps (position in infile) baktraks by splicelen
				cliplen += spliclen;									//  and clip extended by spliclen
			}
			readsamps = cliplen * dz->infile->channels;
			clipcnt++;
			totalabsamps += readsamps;
			if(dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO] == 0)
				echocnt = dz->iparam[CAS_ECHO];
			else {
				if(passno == 0) {
					diff = dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO] - dz->iparam[CAS_ECHO];
					rval = (int)floor(drand48() * diff);
					echocnt = dz->iparam[CAS_ECHO] + rval;
					clipstore[rcnt++] = (int)echocnt;
				} else
					echocnt = (int)clipstore[rcnt++];
			}
			memset((char *)ibuf,0,dz->buflen * sizeof(float));
			if((exit_status = read_samps(ibuf,dz))<0)				//	Read samples at appropriate place
				return(exit_status);
			if(dz->ssampsread <= minclip)
				break;
			if(dz->ssampsread < readsamps) {						//	If insufficient samples to make the specified clip, shorten the clip
				totalabsamps -= readsamps;
				readsamps = dz->ssampsread; 
				cliplen = readsamps/dz->infile->channels;
				totalabsamps += readsamps;
			}
			effective_cliplen = cliplen - spliclen; 
			randrange = effective_cliplen - 1;						//	Range for possible random change of echo entry-time, in grp-samples.
			if(dz->vflag[CAS_LINEAR])
				atten = (1.0 - MINECHO)/(double)echocnt;
			else
				atten = pow(MINECHO,1.0/(double)echocnt);			//	Caluclate attenuation-at-each-echo to produce final echo level of MINECHO
			level = 1.0;
			ebufpos = 0;											//	Sample position in echobuf
			true_gp_ebufpos = 0;									//	unrandomised position in echobuf, in grp-samples
			startobufpos = obufpos;
			memset((char *)echobuf,0,dz->buflen2 * sizeof(float));	//	Clear echobuf
			splicendstt = cliplen - spliclen;						//	Start of endsplice, counted in group-samples.

			if(is_shred && dz->vflag[CAS_SHREDSRC])					//	If source is to be shredded, do it
				do_shredding(&shredcnt,&csscnt,passno,cliplen,spliclen,max_shredno,dz);

			switch(dz->mode) {	
			case(0):												//	In simple echos (no motion, but possibly multichan : mode 0)
			case(1):												//	or mono into stereo
			case(2):
			case(5):
			case(6):
			case(7):
				for(e=0;e <= echocnt; e++) {						//	For original source and all echos
					for(n=0;n < cliplen; n++)  {					//	Copy the input clip to output
						if(n < spliclen)							//	Splicing start and end when appropriate
							splicatten = (double)n/(double)spliclen;
						else if(n >= splicendstt)
							splicatten = (double)(cliplen - n - 1)/(double)spliclen;
						else
							splicatten = 1.0;								
						for(m = 0; m < inchans; m++) {
							echobuf[ebufpos] = (float)(echobuf[ebufpos] + (ibuf[(n * inchans) + m] * level * splicatten));
							ebufpos++;
						}
					}
					if(is_shred)
						do_shredding(&shredcnt,&csscnt,passno,cliplen,spliclen,max_shredno,dz);
					
					if((dz->param[CAS_RAND] > 0) && (e < echocnt)) {//	Last echo must be NOT random-shifted
						true_gp_ebufpos += cliplen;					//	to ensure complete set of echos fits within alotted buffer space
						if(e < echocnt - 1) {
							if(passno == 0) {
//HEREH STORE e
								offset  = (drand48() * 2.0) - 1.0;	//	Range -1 to 1

								offsets[offsetcnt++] = offset;
							} else
								offset = offsets[offsetcnt++];
							offset *= dz->param[CAS_RAND];			//	Range +- randparam val
							offset *= randrange;					//	Range +- within size of permissible shift
							ebufpos = true_gp_ebufpos + (int)floor(offset);
						} else
							ebufpos = true_gp_ebufpos;				//	Last echo always in unrandomised place place
						ebufpos *= inchans;							//	Change to total (ungrouped) sample count
					}
					ebufpos -= spliclen * inchans;					//	Baktrak (splices echos together if not time-randomised)
					if(dz->vflag[CAS_LINEAR])
						level -= atten;
					else
						level *= atten;								//	And attenuate from echo	to echo
				}
				ebufpos += spliclen * inchans;						//	Advance to end of echo-output, ready for outputting data
				break;
			default:									//	FOR MONO TO MULTICHANNEL
				for(e=0;e <= echocnt; e++) {						//	For original source and all echos
					for(n=0;n < cliplen; n++)  {					//	Copy the input clip to output
						if(ebufpos < spliclen)						//	Splicing start and end when appropriate
							splicatten = (double)n/(double)spliclen;
						else if(ebufpos >= splicendstt)
							splicatten = (double)(cliplen - n - 1)/(double)spliclen;
						else
							splicatten = 1.0;						//	Here source is alwats mono			
						echobuf[ebufpos++] = (float)(ibuf[n] * level * splicatten);
					}
					for(n=0; n < ebufpos; n++) {					//	Copy each echo of the clip into output buffer AT THIS STAGE
						obuf[obufpos] = (float)(obuf[obufpos] + echobuf[n]);
						obufpos += outchans;						//	advance to next corresponding channel's sample
					}
					maxwrite = max(maxwrite,obufpos);				//	Check maxwrite at each pass, as obufpos may backtrack (see next lines)
					if(is_shred)
						do_shredding(&shredcnt,&csscnt,passno,cliplen,spliclen,max_shredno,dz);
					if(dz->param[CAS_RAND] > 0) {
						thischan = obufpos % 8;
						true_gp_obufpos += cliplen - spliclen;
						if(e < echocnt - 1) {
							if(passno == 0) {
//HEREH STORE e
								offset  = (drand48() * 2.0) - 1.0;	//	Range -1 to 1
								offsets[offsetcnt++] = offset;
							} else
								offset = offsets[offsetcnt++];
							offset *= dz->param[CAS_RAND];			//	Range +- randparam val
							offset *= randrange;					//	Range +- within size of permissible shift
							obufpos = true_gp_obufpos + (int)floor(offset);
						} else										//	penultimate echo fixes final echo to be in unrandomised position
							obufpos = true_gp_obufpos;				//	Last echo always in unrandomised place place
						obufpos *= outchans;						//	Change to total (ungrouped) sample count
						obufpos += thischan;						//	Offset to existing channel
					}
					if(e < echocnt) {
						if(panright > 0)
							obufpos++;								//	Move to next output chan for next echo
						else
							obufpos--;								//	Move to previous output chan for next echo
					}
					memset((char *)echobuf,0,dz->buflen2 * sizeof(float));
					if(dz->vflag[CAS_LINEAR])
						level -= atten;
					else
						level *= atten;								//	And attenuate from echo	to echo
					ebufpos = 0;									//	Reset echobuffer for next echo
				}
				if(dz->alternating)									//	In alternating modes, swap between clockwise and anticlockwise motion
					panright = -panright;
				outgrps = maxwrite/outchans;						//	Round up maxwrite to a whole (multichan) set of samples
				if(outgrps * outchans < maxwrite)
					outgrps++;
				maxwrite = outgrps * outchans;
				break;
			}

			//	For Mode 0 and stereo-output modes, now write to output buffer

			switch(dz->mode) {	
			case(0):
			case(5):
				for(n=0; n < ebufpos; n++) {					//	Copy echoed clip into output buffer
					obuf[obufpos] = (float)(obuf[obufpos] + echobuf[n]);
					obufpos++;
				}
				maxwrite = max(maxwrite,obufpos);
				outgrps = maxwrite/outchans;					//	Round up maxwrite to a whole (multichan) set of samples
				if(outgrps * outchans < maxwrite)
					outgrps++;
				maxwrite = outgrps * outchans;
				break;
			case(1):											//	Mono source --> Stereo
			case(2):
			case(6):
			case(7):
				panfactor = (double)(ebufpos - 1);
				for(n=0; n < ebufpos; n++) {					//	Copy echoed clip into output buffer, panning left to right
					pan = (double)n/panfactor;					//	Pan position in range 0 to 1
					pan = pow(pan,CASPANCURVE);					//	Bias the pan to be faster at start
					if(dz->spreading)
						pan = (pan * 2.0) - 1.0;				//	Pan position in range -1 to 1 left to right)
					else if(panright < 0)
						pan *= -1.0;							//	Pan position in range 0 to -1 centre to left)
					else
						;										//	Pan position in range 0 to 1 centre to right)
					pancalc(pan,&leftgain,&rightgain);
					obuf[obufpos] = (float)(obuf[obufpos] + (echobuf[n] * leftgain));
					obufpos++;
					obuf[obufpos] = (float)(obuf[obufpos] + (echobuf[n] * rightgain));
					obufpos++;
				}
				maxwrite = max(maxwrite,obufpos);
				outgrps = maxwrite/outchans;					//	Round up maxwrite to a whole (multichan) set of samples
				if(outgrps * outchans < maxwrite)
					outgrps++;
				maxwrite = outgrps * outchans;

				if(dz->alternating)
					panright = -panright;						//	Alternating modes : alternate pans to left and right) 
				break;			
			}
			
			// MOVE TO WRITE POSITION FOR NEXT SET-OF-ECHOS
																//	Move write-position for next set-of-echos, baktraking by a splicelen
			obufpos = startobufpos + ((cliplen - spliclen) * outchans);
			true_gp_obufpos = obufpos/outchans;
			if(obufpos >= dz->buflen2) {						//	and if beyond end of obuf, do write
				if(passno == 0) {
					for(n=0;n < dz->buflen2;n++)
						maxsamp = max(maxsamp,fabs(obuf[n]));
				} else {
					for(n=0;n < dz->buflen2;n++)
						obuf[n] = (float)(obuf[n] * normaliser);
					if((samps_written = fputfbufEx(obuf,dz->buflen2,dz->ofd))<=0) {
						sprintf(errstr,"Can't write to output soundfile: %s\n",sferrstr());
						return(SYSTEM_ERROR);
					}
					dz->total_samps_written += samps_written;	
				}												//	then copy back any overflow
				dz->process = GREV;								//	Force correct display of progress_bar in Loom
				display_virtual_time(totalabsamps,dz);
				dz->process = CASCADE;
				memset((char *)obuf,0,dz->buflen2 * sizeof(float));
				memcpy((char *)obuf,(char *)ovflwbuf,dz->buflen2 * sizeof(float));
				memset((char *)ovflwbuf,0,dz->buflen2 * sizeof(float));
				obufpos  -= dz->buflen2;
				true_gp_obufpos -= dz->buflen2/outchans;
				maxwrite -= dz->buflen2;
			}
			if(totalabsamps >= dz->insams[0])
				break;
			sndseekEx(dz->ifd[0],totalabsamps,0);
		}
		if(maxwrite > 0) {
			if(passno == 0) {
				for(n=0;n < maxwrite;n++)
					maxsamp = max(maxsamp,fabs(obuf[n]));
			} else {
				for(n=0;n < maxwrite;n++)
					obuf[n] = (float)(obuf[n] * normaliser);
				if((samps_written = fputfbufEx(obuf,maxwrite,dz->ofd))<=0) {		//	Write remaining samps
					sprintf(errstr,"Can't write to output soundfile: %s\n",sferrstr());
					return(SYSTEM_ERROR);
				}
				dz->total_samps_written += samps_written;
			}
			dz->process = GREV;
			display_virtual_time(totalabsamps,dz);
			dz->process = CASCADE;
		}
		if(passno == 0) {
			if(flteq(maxsamp,0.0)) {
				sprintf(errstr,"No significant signal in output.\n");
				return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
			}
			if(dz->vflag[CAS_UPNORMAL])
				normaliser = CAS_MAXLEVEL/maxsamp;
			else {
				normaliser = 1.0;
				if(maxsamp > CAS_MAXLEVEL)
					normaliser = CAS_MAXLEVEL/maxsamp;
			}
		}
	}
	return FINISHED;
}

/******************************** CASCADE_PARAMS_PREPROCESS ********************************/

int cascade_params_preprocess(int *clipmax,double *clipmin,int *is_shred,int *max_shredno,dataptr dz)
{
	int exit_status;
	double thisclipmax, thisclipmin = 0.0, thisclipmaxmin, maxecho, this_echomin, this_echomax, this_shredno;
	double effective_clipmin, mincliplen, srate = (double)dz->infile->srate;
	int this_clipmax, n, thiscut, lastclip, spliclen, min_shredcnt, min_shredno, arraysize;
	int *cliparray = NULL;
	if(dz->param[CAS_MAXECHO] == 0)
		dz->brksize[CAS_MAXECHO] = 0;
	if(dz->mode >= 5) {
		dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 0.0;
		dz->brksize[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 0;
		dz->param[CAS_CLIP] = 0.0;
		dz->brksize[CAS_CLIP] = 0;
		cliparray = dz->lparray[0];
		*clipmax = 0;
		lastclip = 0;
		for(n=0;n < dz->itemcnt;n++) {
			thiscut = cliparray[n] - lastclip;
			*clipmax = max(*clipmax,thiscut);
			lastclip = cliparray[n];
		}
	} else {
		if(dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] == 0)
			dz->brksize[CAS_MAXCLIP] = 0;
		if(dz->brksize[CAS_CLIP]) {
			if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&thisclipmax,CAS_CLIP,dz))<0)
				return exit_status;
			*clipmax = (int)ceil(thisclipmax * srate);
			if((exit_status = get_minvalue_in_brktable(&thisclipmin,CAS_CLIP,dz))<0)
				return exit_status;
		} else {
			thisclipmin = dz->param[CAS_CLIP];
			dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP] = (int)round(dz->param[CAS_CLIP] * srate);
			*clipmax = dz->iparam[CAS_CLIP];
		}
		if(dz->brksize[CAS_MAXCLIP]) {
			if((exit_status = get_minvalue_in_brktable(&thisclipmaxmin,CAS_MAXCLIP,dz))<0)
				return exit_status;
			if(thisclipmaxmin < dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP]) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Brktable for clipmax contains invalid value(s) (below %lf secs)\n",dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP]);
				return DATA_ERROR;
			}
			thisclipmin = min(thisclipmin,thisclipmaxmin);
			if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&thisclipmax,CAS_MAXCLIP,dz))<0)
				return exit_status;
			this_clipmax = (int)ceil(thisclipmax * srate);
			*clipmax = max(*clipmax,this_clipmax);
		} else if (dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] > 0) {
			if (dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] < dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP]) {
				sprintf(errstr,"Clipmax value (%lf) invalid (below %lf secs)\n",dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP],dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP]);
				return DATA_ERROR;
			}
			thisclipmin = min(thisclipmin,dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP]);
			dz->iparam[CAS_MAXCLIP] = (int)ceil(dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] * srate);//	Max Clip duration in grouped-samples
			*clipmax = max(*clipmax,dz->iparam[CAS_MAXCLIP]);
		}
		*clipmin = thisclipmin;
		effective_clipmin = *clipmin - (CASC_SPLICELEN * MS_TO_SECS);
		dz->itemcnt = (int)ceil(dz->duration/effective_clipmin) + 1;			//	Max possible number of clips
	}
	if(dz->brksize[CAS_ECHO]) {
		if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&maxecho,CAS_ECHO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		dz->echomax = (int)round(maxecho);
	} else
		dz->echomax = dz->iparam[CAS_ECHO];														// Max no of echos
	
	if(dz->brksize[CAS_MAXECHO]) {
		if((exit_status = get_minvalue_in_brktable(&this_echomin,CAS_MAXECHO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		if((int)round(this_echomin) < (int)round(dz->application->lo[CAS_ECHO])) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Brktable for echomax contains invalid value (%d) (below %d)\n",(int)round(this_echomin),(int)round(dz->application->lo[CAS_ECHO]));
			return DATA_ERROR;
		}
		if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&this_echomax,CAS_MAXECHO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		dz->echomax = max(dz->echomax,(int)round(this_echomax));
	} else if (dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO] > 0) {
		if ((int)round(dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO]) < (int)round(dz->application->lo[CAS_ECHO])) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Echomax value (%d) invalid (below %d)\n",(int)round(dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO]),(int)round(dz->application->lo[CAS_ECHO]));
			return DATA_ERROR;
		}
		dz->echomax = max(dz->echomax,dz->iparam[CAS_MAXECHO]);										// Max no of echos
	}
	spliclen = (int)round(CASC_SPLICELEN * MS_TO_SECS * srate);
	*clipmax += spliclen;
	if(dz->brksize[CAS_SHREDCNT]) {	
		if((exit_status = get_minvalue_in_brktable(&this_shredno,CAS_SHREDNO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		min_shredcnt = (int)round(this_shredno);
		if(min_shredcnt < 1) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Invalid shred count (%d) in shred-count file. (Minimum 1).\n",min_shredcnt);
			return DATA_ERROR;
		}
		if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&this_shredno,CAS_SHREDNO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		dz->max_shredcnt = (int)round(this_shredno);
	} else {
		min_shredcnt = dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDCNT];
		dz->max_shredcnt = dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDCNT];
	}
	if(dz->brksize[CAS_SHREDNO]) {	
		if((exit_status = get_minvalue_in_brktable(&this_shredno,CAS_SHREDNO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		min_shredno = (int)round(this_shredno);
		if(min_shredno < 2) {
			sprintf(errstr,"Invalid shred number (%d) in shred-number file. (Minimum 2).\n",min_shredno);
			return DATA_ERROR;
		}
		if((exit_status = get_maxvalue_in_brktable(&this_shredno,CAS_SHREDNO,dz))<0)
			return exit_status;
		*max_shredno = (int)round(this_shredno);
	} else {
		*max_shredno = dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];
		min_shredno = dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];
	}
	if(((min_shredno == 0) && (min_shredcnt != 0)) || ((min_shredno != 0) && (min_shredcnt == 0))) {
		sprintf(errstr,"SHRED NUMBER and SHRED COUNT must both be set, or must both be zero.\n");
		return DATA_ERROR;
	}
	if((*clipmin/(double)*max_shredno)/3.0 <= dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP]) {	//	Shreds into shredno pieces, which can be up to 1/3 as short
		mincliplen = dz->application->lo[CAS_CLIP] * (double)*max_shredno * 3.0;
		sprintf(errstr,"With shred number of (up to) %d, shortest segment must be > %.3lf secs.\n",*max_shredno,mincliplen);
		return DATA_ERROR;
	}
	if(dz->vflag[CAS_SHREDSRC] && (min_shredno == 0 || min_shredcnt == 0)) {
		sprintf(errstr,"To shred the source, both \"shred number\" or \"shred count\" must be given.\n");
		return DATA_ERROR;
	}
	if (min_shredno > 0) {
		*is_shred = 1;
		if((dz->lparray[1] = (int *)malloc((*max_shredno+1) * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create shred pointers array.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		if((dz->lparray[2] = (int *)malloc((*max_shredno) * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create shred lengths array.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		arraysize = dz->itemcnt * (dz->echomax + 1 + dz->vflag[CAS_SHREDSRC]) * dz->max_shredcnt + 4;	//	+4 = SAFETY
		if((dz->iparray = (int **)malloc(arraysize * sizeof(int *)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create shred permutation array. (1)\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
		for(n = 0; n < arraysize;n++) {
			if((dz->iparray[n] = (int *)malloc((*max_shredno + 1) * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
				sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create shred permutation array. (2)\n");
				return(MEMORY_ERROR);
			}
		}
	}
	if((dz->brksize[CAS_MAXCLIP] || dz->param[CAS_MAXCLIP] > 0) || (dz->brksize[CAS_MAXECHO] || dz->param[CAS_MAXECHO] > 0)) {
		if((dz->lparray[3] = (int *)malloc((dz->itemcnt+1) * 2 * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create randomised echocnt && cliplen arrays.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
	}
	if(*is_shred) {
					// clips			echos									// shreds-per-echo	// shred elements			
		arraysize = dz->itemcnt * (dz->echomax + 1 + dz->vflag[CAS_SHREDSRC]) * dz->max_shredcnt * (*max_shredno) + 4;
		if((dz->lparray[4] = (int *)malloc(arraysize * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
			sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create array to store randomised shred values.\n");
			return(MEMORY_ERROR);
		}
	}
	switch(dz->mode) {
	case(2):
	case(7):
	case(4):
	case(9):
		dz->alternating = 1;		//	stero : pan to right, to left, to right etc		8chan: rotate clock, anticlok, clok etc
		break;
	default:
		dz->alternating = 0;
		break;
	}
	switch(dz->mode) {
	case(1):
	case(6):
		dz->spreading = 1;
		break;
	default:
		dz->spreading = 0;
		break;
	}
	return FINISHED;
}

/******************************** CREATE_CASCADE_SNDBUFS ********************************/

int create_cascade_sndbufs(int clipmax,dataptr dz)
{
	int bigbufsize, secsize;
	int framesize1 = F_SECSIZE * dz->infile->channels;
	int framesize2 = F_SECSIZE * dz->outfile->channels;

	if(dz->sbufptr == 0 || dz->sampbuf == 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"buffer pointers not allocated: create_sndbufs()\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	dz->buflen  = clipmax * dz->infile->channels;
	if(dz->buflen < 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create input sound buffers. (1)\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	secsize = dz->buflen/framesize1;
	if(secsize * framesize1 != dz->buflen)
		secsize++;
	dz->buflen = secsize * framesize1;
	if(dz->buflen < 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create input sound buffers. (2)\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	dz->buflen2 = clipmax * (dz->echomax+1) * dz->outfile->channels; 
	if(dz->buflen2 < 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create output sound buffers. (1)\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	secsize = dz->buflen2/framesize2;
	if(secsize * framesize2 != dz->buflen2)
		secsize++;
	dz->buflen2 = secsize * framesize2;
	if(dz->buflen2 < 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create output sound buffers. (2)\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	bigbufsize = ((3 * dz->buflen) + (3 * dz->buflen2)) * sizeof(float);
	if((dz->bigbuf = (float *)malloc(bigbufsize)) == NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create total sound buffers.\n");
		return(PROGRAM_ERROR);
	}
	dz->sbufptr[0] = dz->sampbuf[0] = dz->bigbuf;					//	Inbuf
	dz->sbufptr[1] = dz->sampbuf[1] = dz->sampbuf[0] + dz->buflen;	//	Shredbuf
	dz->sbufptr[2] = dz->sampbuf[2] = dz->sampbuf[1] + dz->buflen;	//	Shredsplicebuf
	dz->sbufptr[3] = dz->sampbuf[3] = dz->sampbuf[2] + dz->buflen;	//	Calculation buf for echos
	dz->sbufptr[4] = dz->sampbuf[4] = dz->sampbuf[3] + dz->buflen2;	//	Outbuf
	dz->sbufptr[5] = dz->sampbuf[5] = dz->sampbuf[4] + dz->buflen2;	//	Overflowbuf
	dz->sampbuf[6] = dz->sampbuf[6] + dz->buflen2;
	return(FINISHED);
}

/****************************** GET_MODE *********************************/

int get_the_mode_from_cmdline(char *str,dataptr dz)
{
	char temp[200], *p;
	if(sscanf(str,"%s",temp)!=1) {
		sprintf(errstr,"Cannot read mode of program.\n");
		return(USAGE_ONLY);
	}
	p = temp + strlen(temp) - 1;
	while(p >= temp) {
		if(!isdigit(*p)) {
			fprintf(stderr,"Invalid mode of program entered.\n");
			return(USAGE_ONLY);
		}
		p--;
	}
	if(sscanf(str,"%d",&dz->mode)!=1) {
		fprintf(stderr,"Cannot read mode of program.\n");
		return(USAGE_ONLY);
	}
	if(dz->mode <= 0 || dz->mode > dz->maxmode) {
		fprintf(stderr,"Program mode value [%d] is out of range [1 - %d].\n",dz->mode,dz->maxmode);
		return(USAGE_ONLY);
	}
	dz->mode--;		/* CHANGE TO INTERNAL REPRESENTATION OF MODE NO */
	return(FINISHED);
}

/**************************** HANDLE_THE_SPECIAL_DATA ****************************/

int handle_the_special_data(char *str,double *clipmin,dataptr dz)
{
	int n, cnt, firsttime = 1;
	int inlen = dz->insams[0]/dz->infile->channels;					//	Length of src file, in grouped samples
	FILE *fp;
	char temp[200], *p;
	double dummy = 0, cutlen = 0.0, lasttime, endcut, srate = (double)dz->infile->srate;
	double mincut = 2 * CASC_SPLICELEN * MS_TO_SECS;					//	Min length of segment to echo > 2 * splicelen
	int mincutgpsamps = (int)ceil(mincut * (double)dz->infile->srate);	//	and in grouped_samples
	int lastclipcut;
	if((fp = fopen(str,"r"))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"Cannot open file %s to read clip lengths.\n",str);
		return(DATA_ERROR);
	}
	cnt = 0;
	lasttime = 0;
	firsttime = 1;
	*clipmin = HUGE;
	while(fgets(temp,200,fp)!=NULL) {
		p = temp;
		while(isspace(*p))
			p++;
		if(*p == ';' || *p == ENDOFSTR)	//	Allow comments in file
			continue;
		while(get_float_from_within_string(&p,&dummy)) {
			cutlen = dummy - lasttime;
			if(cutlen <= mincut) {
				if(firsttime)
					sprintf(errstr,"Invalid clip length between zero and first value (%lf) in file %s (must be greater than %lf seconds)\n",dummy,str,mincut);
				else
					sprintf(errstr,"Invalid clip length (%lf) between times (%lf & %lf) in file %s (must be greater than %lf seconds)\n",cutlen,lasttime,dummy,str,mincut);
				return(DATA_ERROR);
			}
			if(dummy <= dz->duration)		//	Look for minimum cutsize WITHIN the file to be cut
				*clipmin = min(*clipmin,cutlen);
			lasttime = dummy;
			firsttime = 0;
			cnt++;
		}
	}
	if(cnt < 2) {
		sprintf(errstr,"Must be more than 1 clip time value in file %s.\n",str);
		return(DATA_ERROR);
	}
	dz->itemcnt = cnt;

	endcut = dz->duration - dummy;			//	If data stops before file end, find remaining file segment (endcut is +ve if last cut before file end)
	if(endcut > mincut)						//	If endcut is negative, ignore. If <= mincut, gets joined into previous cut, making that larger than any previous minimum
		*clipmin = min(*clipmin,endcut);	//	If > mincut, treated as a separate cut, which could be smaller than current minimum

	if((dz->lparray[0] = (int *)malloc((dz->itemcnt + 1) * sizeof(int)))==NULL) {
		sprintf(errstr,"INSUFFICIENT MEMORY to create clip lengths array (2).\n");
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	cnt = 0;
	fseek(fp,0,0);
	while(fgets(temp,200,fp)!=NULL) {
		p = temp;
		while(isspace(*p))
			p++;
		if(*p == ';' || *p == ENDOFSTR)	//	Allow comments in file
			continue;
		while(get_float_from_within_string(&p,&dummy))
			dz->lparray[0][cnt++] = (int)round(dummy * srate);
	}
	for(n=0;n < dz->itemcnt;n++) {			//	Loose any data which is beyond end of infile
		if(dz->lparray[0][n] > inlen) {
			dz->itemcnt = n;
			break;
		}
	}
	if(dz->itemcnt <= 0) {
		sprintf(errstr,"No valid clip times in file %s.\n",str);
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	dz->lparray[0][dz->itemcnt] = inlen;	//	Add end-of-file as last cutpoint
	lastclipcut = dz->lparray[0][dz->itemcnt] - dz->lparray[0][dz->itemcnt - 1];
	if(lastclipcut < mincutgpsamps)			//	If final clip is too small, eliminate it
		dz->lparray[0][dz->itemcnt-1] = inlen;
	else
		dz->itemcnt++;
	if(dz->itemcnt <= 1) {
		sprintf(errstr,"Less than 2 valid clip times in file %s.\n",str);
		return(MEMORY_ERROR);
	}
	return FINISHED;
}

/************************************ PANCALC *******************************/

void pancalc(double position,double *leftgain,double *rightgain)
{
	int dirflag;
	double temp;
	double relpos;
	double reldist, invsquare;

	if(position < 0.0)
		dirflag = -1;		/* signal to left  */
	else
		dirflag = 1;		/* signal to right */

	if(position < 0) 
		relpos = -position;
	else 
		relpos = position;
	if(relpos <= 1.0){		/* between the speakers */
		temp = 1.0 + (relpos * relpos);
		reldist = ROOT2 / sqrt(temp);
		temp = (position + 1.0) / 2.0;
		*rightgain = temp * reldist;
		*leftgain = (1.0 - temp ) * reldist;
	} else {				/* outside the speakers */
		temp = (relpos * relpos) + 1.0;
		reldist  = sqrt(temp) / ROOT2;   /* relative distance to source */
		invsquare = 1.0 / (reldist * reldist);
		if(dirflag < 0) {	/* SIGNAL_TO_LEFT */
			*leftgain = invsquare;
			*rightgain = 0.0;
		} else {			/* SIGNAL_TO_RIGHT */
			*rightgain = invsquare;
			*leftgain = 0;
		}
	}
}

/***************************** INITIALISE_CASCADE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE ***************************/

void initialise_cascade_random_sequence(int seed)
{
	if(seed > 0)
		srand((int)seed);
	else
		initrand48();
}

/************************** DO_SHREDDING *******************************/

void do_shredding(int *shredcnt,int *csscnt,int passno,int cliplen,int spliclen,int max_shredno,dataptr dz)
{   
	double this_scatter, val, newval;
	int n, m, i, k, j, inchans = dz->infile->channels;
	int chunkscat;
	int *chunkptr = dz->lparray[1], *chunklen = dz->lparray[2], *chunkscatstore = dz->lparray[4], shbufpos;
	int total_len, chnk_len;
	int rawlen = (int)round((double)cliplen/(double)dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO]);
	float *ibuf = dz->sampbuf[0], *shredbuf = dz->sampbuf[1], *shredsplicebuf = dz->sampbuf[2], *old_addr;
	int *permm = dz->iparray[0];
	for(i = 0; i < dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDCNT]; i++) {					//	For the number of shreds required
		total_len = 0;
		chunkptr[0] = 0;
		for(n=1;n<dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];n++) {
			if(passno == 0) {
				this_scatter  = 1.0 + (((drand48() * 2.0) - 1.0)/3.0);	//	Range 2/3 to 4/3
				chunkscat = (int)(this_scatter * (double)rawlen);
				chunkscatstore[(*csscnt)++] = chunkscat;
			} else 
				 chunkscat = chunkscatstore[(*csscnt)++];
			chunkptr[n] = total_len + chunkscat;					//	Randomised position of each chunk-boundary 
			total_len += rawlen;									//	Unrandomised position of each chunk-boundary
		}
		chunkptr[n] = cliplen;
		for(n=0;n<dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];n++)
			chunklen[n] = chunkptr[n+1] - chunkptr[n];				//	Find lengths of all chunks
		(*shredcnt)++;
		if(passno == 0) {
			permute_chunks(dz);										//	Permute order of chunks
			for(n=0;n < max_shredno;n++)
				dz->iparray[*shredcnt][n] = permm[n];
		} else {
			for(n=0;n < max_shredno;n++)
				permm[n] = dz->iparray[*shredcnt][n];
		}
		memset((char *)shredbuf,0,dz->buflen * sizeof(float));
		memset((char *)shredsplicebuf,0,dz->buflen * sizeof(float));
		shbufpos = 0;
		for(j=0;j<dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];j++) {					//	For each permuted shred-element
			old_addr = &(ibuf[chunkptr[permm[j]] * inchans]);		//	Address of (permuted) chunk
			chnk_len = chunklen[permm[j]];							//	Length of  (permuted) chunk (in grouped-samples)
																	//	Copy into splicebuf
			memcpy((char *)shredsplicebuf,(char *)old_addr,(chnk_len * inchans) * sizeof(float));
			for(n=0, m = chnk_len - 1;n < spliclen;n++,m--) {		//	Splice both ends
				val = (double)n/(double)spliclen;
				for(k=0;k < inchans;k++) {
					newval = shredsplicebuf[(n * inchans) + k];
					newval *= val;
					shredsplicebuf[(n * inchans) + k] = (float)newval;
					newval = shredsplicebuf[(m * inchans) + k];
					newval *= val;
					shredsplicebuf[(m * inchans) + k] = (float)newval;
				}
			}
			for(n=0;n < chnk_len * inchans;n++)						//	Copy each chunk into shredbuf
				shredbuf[shbufpos++] = shredsplicebuf[n];
			memset((char *)shredsplicebuf,0,dz->buflen * sizeof(float));

		}															//	Once all chunks assembled
		memset((char *)ibuf,0,dz->buflen * sizeof(float));			//	Copy shredded source into source buf
		memcpy((char *)ibuf,(char *)shredbuf,(cliplen * inchans) * sizeof(float));
	}
}

/*************************** PERMUTE_CHUNKS ***************************/

void permute_chunks(dataptr dz)
{   
	int n, t;
	for(n=0;n<dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO];n++) {
		t = (int)(drand48() * (double)(n+1));	 /* TRUNCATE */
		if(t==n)
			prefix(n,dz);
		else
			insert(n,t,dz);
	}
}

/****************************** INSERT ****************************/

void insert(int n,int t,dataptr dz)
{   
	shuflup(t+1,dz);
	dz->iparray[0][t+1] = n;
}

/****************************** PREFIX ****************************/

void prefix(int n,dataptr dz)
{   
	shuflup(0,dz);
	dz->iparray[0][0] = n;
}

/****************************** SHUFLUP ****************************/

void shuflup(int k,dataptr dz)
{   
	int n;
	for(n = dz->iparam[CAS_SHREDNO] - 1; n > k; n--)
		dz->iparray[0][n] = dz->iparray[0][n-1];
}