ComposerDesktopProject/dev/standnew/convert_to_midi.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983-2023 Trevor Wishart and Composers Desktop Project Ltd
 * http://www.trevorwishart.co.uk
 * http://www.composersdesktop.com
 *
 This file is part of the CDP System.

    The CDP System is free software; you can redistribute it
    and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

    The CDP System is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
    License along with the CDP System; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
    02111-1307 USA
 *
 */
/*
 * CREATE STANDARD MIDI FILE FROM CDP FRQ BRKPNT FILE FOR STABLE PITCHES (WHICH HAS NOTE STARTS AND ENDS)
 *
 *  Assumes a single voice, using a sigle MIDI channel (0)
 *  and note-off occurs before following note-on
 *
 *  If "staccato" is set to 0, program reads note on and note off times.
 *  If "staccato" > 0, note-offs are generated from note ons, and note-ends in input file are ignored.
 *
 *  CALL WITH
 *  convert_to_midi(seqfile,envfile,infiledatalen,staccato,outfilename,system);
 *
 *  where infiledatalen is no of midi notes in input = 1/4 of entries in frq-brkpnt file. 
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <sfsys.h>   // RWD for macro defs

//#if defined unix || defined __GNUC__
#define round(x) lround((x))
//#else
//# ifndef round
//static int round(double d);
//static int twround(double d);   //RWD
//#define round(x) twround((x))   //RWD
//# endif
//#endif


#define MIDI_NOTE_ON    (unsigned char)144  /*  0x90 = 1001 0000 = 1001 is Note-on : 0000 is channel number */
#define MIDI_NOTE_OFF   (unsigned char)128  /*  0x80 = 1000 0000 = 1001 is Note-on : 0000 is channel number */
#define LOW_A           6.875               /*  Frequency of A below MIDI 0 */
#define CONVERT_LOG10_TO_LOG2   3.321928    /* MiditoHz conversions */
#define TRUE    1
#define FALSE   0
#define NEWLINE     ('\n')
#define ENDOFSTR    ('\0')

static void Write_ThisIsAMIDI_MThdChunk_with_mS_timings (char format_type,char track_cnt,FILE *fp);
static void WriteTrackID (unsigned int midi_track_data_bytes,FILE *fp);
static void WriteVarLen (unsigned int value,FILE *fp);
static void WriteNormalLong (unsigned int value,FILE *fp);
static void Write_TrackEnd (FILE *fp);
static void create_note(double timestep,char midi,double thislevel,int on,FILE *fp);
static char HzToMidi (double frq);
static int  get_float_from_within_string(char **str,double *val);
static int midi_data_bytes_in_midi_track (int infiledatalen,double *seqdata,double staccato);
static int  CalcVarLen (unsigned int value);
static void Write_ThisIsAMIDI_PC_header(unsigned int total_bytes_in_file,FILE *fp);

#ifndef round
static int round(double d);
#endif

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    FILE *fp;
    double *seqdata, *envdata, *p, *end;
    char *q;
    double lasttime, thistime, nexttime, timestep, thislevel, stacdur;
    int on, padbyte;
    int n,m,k;
    unsigned int midi_track_data_bytes, total_bytes_in_file;
    char temp[200];
    int system;
    char seqfile[64];
    char envfile[64];
    int infiledatalen;
    double staccato;
    char outfilename[64];
    char thismidi;

    if(argc == 1) {
        fprintf(stdout,"Converts frqequency-brkpnt and peakdata textfiles to a standard midi data file.\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"USAGE:\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"convert_to_midi  frqbrkpnt  peakvals  datalen  staccato  outfilename  system\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"FRQBRKPNT   File of time-frq pairs for note starts and ends.\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"PEAKVALS    Levels of each note (Range 0-1).\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"DATALEN     Number of peaks (no. of vals in 'frqbrkpnt' should be datalen * 4)\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"STACCATO    Force staccato output.\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"OUTFILENAME (File extension will be forced to '.mid' or '.rmi')\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"SYSTEM      0 gives Standard Midi File, with extension '.mid'\n");
        fprintf(stdout,"            1 gives PC Midi File, with extension '.rmi'\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 1;
    }
    if(argc != 7) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: WRONG NUMBER OF ARGUMENTS\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    strcpy(seqfile,argv[1]);
    strcpy(envfile,argv[2]);
    if(sscanf(argv[3],"%d",&infiledatalen)<1) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: CANNOT READ INFILE DATA LENGTH [%s].\n",argv[3]);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }   
    if(sscanf(argv[4],"%lf",&staccato)<1) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: CANNOT READ STACCATO DURATION [%s].\n",argv[4]);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }   
    strcpy(outfilename,argv[5]);
    q = outfilename + strlen(outfilename);
    q--;
    while(*q != '.') {
        q--;
        if(q <= outfilename)
            break;
    }
    if(q > outfilename)
        *q = ENDOFSTR;
    if(sscanf(argv[6],"%d",&system)<1) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: CANNOT READ HEADER TYPE [%s].\n",argv[4]);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }   
    if(system == 1)
        strcat(outfilename,".rmi");
    else
        strcat(outfilename,".mid");

    if((seqdata = (double *)malloc((infiledatalen * 4) * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: INSUFFICIENT MEMORY TO CREATE INPUT DATA ARRAY.\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    if((envdata = (double *)malloc(infiledatalen * sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: INSUFFICIENT MEMORY TO CREATE LOUDNESS DATA ARRAY.\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    p = seqdata;
    if((fp = fopen(seqfile,"r"))==NULL) {           
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: FAILED TO OPEN FILE %s TO READ SEQUENCE DATA\n",seqfile);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    end = p + (infiledatalen * 4);
    while(fgets(temp,200,fp)!=NULL) {    /* READ AND TEST MIDI DATA INFO, ASSUMING IT TO BE IN CORRECT FORMAT!! */
        q = temp;
        while(get_float_from_within_string(&q,p)) {
            p++;            
            if (p >= end)
                break;
        }       
    }
    fclose(fp);
    if(p - seqdata != infiledatalen * 4) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: COUNT OF MIDI DATA ITEMS DOES NOT CORRESPOND TO PARAM FOR INPUT DATA LENGTH\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }   
    p = envdata;
    end = p + infiledatalen;
    if((fp = fopen(envfile,"r"))==NULL) {           
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: FAILED TO OPEN FILE %s TO READ LOUDNESS DATA\n",envfile);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    while(fgets(temp,200,fp)!=NULL) {    /* READ AND TEST MIDI DATA INFO, ASSUMING IT TO BE IN CORRECT FORMAT!! */
        q = temp;
        while(get_float_from_within_string(&q,p)) {
            p++;            
            if (p >= end)
                break;
        }       
    }
    fclose(fp);
    if(p - envdata != infiledatalen) {
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: COUNT OF LOUDNESS ITEMS DOES NOT CORRESPOND TO PARAM FOR INPUT DATA LENGTH\n");
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }   

    if((fp = fopen(outfilename,"w"))==NULL) {           
        fprintf(stdout,"ERROR: FAILED TO OPEN MIDI DATAFILE %s TO WRITE DATA\n",outfilename);
        fflush(stdout);
        return 0;
    }
    total_bytes_in_file = 14 /* MThd Chunk */ + 4 /*MTrk track identifier */ ;
    midi_track_data_bytes = midi_data_bytes_in_midi_track(infiledatalen,seqdata,staccato);
    total_bytes_in_file += CalcVarLen(midi_track_data_bytes) + midi_track_data_bytes;
    
    if((total_bytes_in_file/2)*2 != total_bytes_in_file) {  /* Does (single) chunk have EVEN number of bytes? */
        padbyte = 1;
    } else {
        padbyte = 0;
    }
    if (system == 1)
        total_bytes_in_file += padbyte; /* For PC, force an EVEN chunk-size */
    switch(system) {
    case(0):
        break;
    case(1): /* PC */
        Write_ThisIsAMIDI_PC_header(total_bytes_in_file,fp);
        break;
    }
    Write_ThisIsAMIDI_MThdChunk_with_mS_timings ((char)0,(char)1,fp);
        /* Assuming format type 0, 1 track only */
    WriteTrackID (midi_track_data_bytes,fp);
        /* Assuming there is 1 track, numbered 0 */
    lasttime = 0.0;
    on = 1;
    k = 0;
    for(n=0,m=1;n < infiledatalen * 4;n+=2,m+=2) {
        thistime  = seqdata[n];
        thismidi  = (char)round(HzToMidi(seqdata[m]));
        timestep  = thistime - lasttime;
        if (on) {
            thislevel = envdata[k++];
            create_note(timestep,thismidi,thislevel,1,fp);
            lasttime = thistime;
            if (staccato > 0.0) {       /* If staccato, note off determined by staccato dur */
                if(m+4 < infiledatalen) {
                    nexttime = seqdata[m+4];
                    stacdur = (nexttime - thistime)/2.0;
                    stacdur = min(stacdur,staccato);
                } else {
                    stacdur = staccato;
                }
                create_note(stacdur,thismidi,thislevel,0,fp);
                lasttime = thistime + stacdur;
            }
            on = 0;
        } else {
            if (staccato <= 0.0) {      /* IF not staccato, note-off taken from input data */
                create_note(timestep,thismidi,thislevel,0,fp);
                lasttime = thistime;    /*  But, if staccato, ignore the note off input */
            }
            on = 1;
        }
    }
    Write_TrackEnd(fp);
    if(system == 1) { /* PC riff format */
        if(padbyte)
            putc(0,fp);
    }
    fclose(fp);
    return 1;
}

/*********************** WRITE A 32-BIT REPRESENTATION OF "THIS is MIDI data = ascii MThd" ***********/

void Write_ThisIsAMIDI_MThdChunk_with_mS_timings (char format_type,char track_cnt,FILE *fp)
{
    register char buffer;
    buffer = 77;    /* M */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 84;    /* T */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 104;   /* h */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 100;   /* d */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 0;     /* sizeof MThd chunk is 6 = 0006 */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    putc(buffer,fp);
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 6;     /* sizeof MThd chunk is 6 = 0006 */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 0;     /* format_type 00 0x */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = format_type;
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 0;     /* track_cnt   00 0x */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = track_cnt;
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = (char)-25; /* -25 means 25 frames per sec */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 40;    /* 40 units per frame -> 1 unit per ms */
    putc(buffer,fp);
}

/*********************** WRITE TRACK ID  ***********/

void WriteTrackID (unsigned int midi_track_data_bytes,FILE *fp)
{
    register char buffer;
    buffer = 77;    /* M */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 84;    /* T */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 114;   /* r */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 107;   /* k */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    WriteVarLen(midi_track_data_bytes,fp);
}

/*********************** WRITE A 32-BIT int, SPLIT INTO 7-bit WORDS IN REVERSE BYTE ORDER = MIDI TIME REPRESENTATION ***********/

void WriteVarLen (unsigned int value,FILE *fp)
{
    register unsigned int buffer;
    buffer = value & 0x7F;
    while (value >>= 7) {
        buffer <<= 8;
        buffer |= ((value & 0x7F) | 0x80);
    }
    for (;;) {
        putc(buffer,fp);
        if(buffer & 0x80)
            buffer >>= 8;
        else
            break;
    }
}

/*********************** WRITE A 32-BIT int IN NORMAL ORDER ***********/

void WriteNormalLong (unsigned int value,FILE *fp)
{
    unsigned int buffer;
    int n = 0;
    while (n < 4) {
        buffer = value & 0xFF;
        putc(buffer,fp);
        value >>= 8;
        n++;
    }
}

/*********************** ASCERTAIN BYTE LENGTH OF MIDI TIME REPRESENTATION ***********/

int CalcVarLen (unsigned int value)
{
    register unsigned int buffer;
    int cnt = 0;
    buffer = value & 0x7F;
    while (value >>= 7) {
        buffer <<= 8;
        buffer |= ((value & 0x7F) | 0x80);
    }
    for (;;) {
        cnt++;
        if(buffer & 0x80)
            buffer >>= 8;
        else
            break;
    }
    return cnt;
}

/*********************** WRITE "END OF TRACK" ***********/

void Write_TrackEnd (FILE *fp)
{
    register char buffer;
    buffer = (char)-1;              /* FF = |1111|1111| = -128 */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = (char)0x2F;
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 0;
    putc(buffer,fp);
}

/*********************** CREATE MIDI NOTE ON OR NOTE OFF DATA ***********/

void create_note(double timestep,char midi,double thislevel,int on,FILE *fp)
{
    register unsigned char buffer;
    unsigned int timedata;
    char velocity;
    timedata = (unsigned int)round(timestep * 1000.0);  /* TIME IN mS */
    velocity = (char)round(thislevel * 127.0);
    WriteVarLen(timedata,fp);
    if (on)
        buffer = MIDI_NOTE_ON;
    else
        buffer = MIDI_NOTE_OFF;
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = midi;
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = velocity;
    putc(buffer,fp);
}

/*********************** CONVERT FRQ TO MIDI ***********/

char HzToMidi (double frq) {
    double dmidi;
    char midi;
    if (frq < LOW_A) {
        frq = LOW_A;
    }
    dmidi = frq / LOW_A;
    dmidi = (log10(dmidi) * CONVERT_LOG10_TO_LOG2 * 12.0) - 3.0;
    midi  = (char)round(dmidi);
    if (midi > 127) {
        midi = 127;
    } else if(midi < 0) {
        midi = 0;
    }
    return midi;
}

/************************** GET_FLOAT_FROM_WITHIN_STRING **************************
 * takes a pointer TO A POINTER to a string. If it succeeds in finding 
 * a float it returns the float value (*val), and it's new position in the
 * string (*str).
 */

int  get_float_from_within_string(char **str,double *val)
{
    char   *p, *valstart;
    int    decimal_point_cnt = 0, has_digits = 0;
    p = *str;
    while(isspace(*p))
        p++;
    valstart = p;   
    switch(*p) {
    case('-'):                      break;
    case('.'): decimal_point_cnt=1; break;
    default:
        if(!isdigit(*p))
            return(FALSE);
        has_digits = TRUE;
        break;
    }
    p++;        
    while(!isspace(*p) && *p!=NEWLINE && *p!=ENDOFSTR) {
        if(isdigit(*p))
            has_digits = TRUE;
        else if(*p == '.') {
            if(++decimal_point_cnt>1)
                return(FALSE);
        } else
            return(FALSE);
        p++;
    }
    if(!has_digits || sscanf(valstart,"%lf",val)!=1)
        return(FALSE);
    *str = p;
    return(TRUE);
}

/*********************** CALCULATE NUMBER OF DATA BYTES TO FOLLOW ***********/

int midi_data_bytes_in_midi_track(int infiledatalen,double *seqdata,double staccato)
{
    double thistime, nexttime, timestep, stacdur; 
    double lasttime = 0.0;
    unsigned int timedata;
    unsigned int cnt = 0;
    int on = 1;
    int n,m;
    for(n=0,m=1;n < infiledatalen * 4;n+=2,m+=2) {
        thistime  = seqdata[n];
        timestep  = thistime - lasttime;
        lasttime = thistime;
        if (on) {
            timedata = (unsigned int)round(timestep * 1000.0);  /* TIME IN mS */
            cnt += CalcVarLen(timedata);
            cnt += 3;                   /* MIDI status + key + velocity */
            if (staccato > 0.0) {
                if(m+4 < infiledatalen) {
                    nexttime = seqdata[m+4];
                    stacdur = (nexttime - thistime)/2.0;
                    stacdur = min(stacdur,staccato);
                } else {
                    stacdur = staccato;
                }
                timedata = (unsigned int)round(stacdur * 1000.0);
                cnt += CalcVarLen(timedata);
                cnt += 3;
                lasttime = thistime + stacdur;
            }
            on = 0;
        } else {
            if (staccato <= 0.0) {
                timedata = (unsigned int)round(timestep * 1000.0);
                cnt += CalcVarLen(timedata);
                cnt += 3;
                lasttime = thistime;
            }
            on = 1;
        }
    }
    cnt += 3;       /* Add Track end bytes */
    return cnt;
}

void Write_ThisIsAMIDI_PC_header(unsigned int total_bytes_in_file,FILE *fp)
{
    register char buffer;
    buffer = 82;    /* R */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 73;    /* I */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 70;    /* F */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 70;    /* F */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    WriteNormalLong(total_bytes_in_file,fp);
    buffer = 82;    /* R */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 77;    /* M */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 73;    /* I */
    putc(buffer,fp);
    buffer = 68;    /* D */
    putc(buffer,fp);
}

//#ifndef round
#if 0
static int twround(double d)
{
    d += 0.5;
    return (int)floor(d);
}
#endif
//endif