mbedtls: Re-add patch to disable VIA padlock

The comment mentioned a conflict with libwebsockets, but we actually
still get this conflict even now that we don't use libwebsockets.
Not sure what component is clashing but we should basically just keep
this patch.

Follow-up to #36823.

(cherry picked from commit 8189abd64a0871871fbae5a8e94753b99a2af2ae)

thirdparty/README.md

@@ -274,6 +274,9 @@ File extracted from upstream release tarball (`-apache.tgz` variant):
 - LICENSE and apache-2.0.txt files
 - Applied the patch in `thirdparty/mbedtls/patches/1453.diff` (PR 1453).
   Soon to be merged upstream. Check it out at next update.
+- Applied the patch in `thirdparty/mbedtls/patches/padlock.diff`. This disables
+  VIA padlock support which defines a symbol `unsupported` which clashes with
+  a pre-defined symbol.
 - Added 2 files `godot_core_mbedtls_platform.{c,h}` providing configuration
   for light bundling with core.
 

thirdparty/mbedtls/include/mbedtls/config.h

@@ -2542,7 +2542,9 @@
  *
  * This modules adds support for the VIA PadLock on x86.
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C
+// -- GODOT start --
+// #define MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C
+// -- GODOT end --
 
 /**
  * \def MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C

thirdparty/mbedtls/patches/padlock.diff

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+--- a/thirdparty/mbedtls/include/mbedtls/config.h
++++ b/thirdparty/mbedtls/include/mbedtls/config.h
+@@ -2477,7 +2477,9 @@
+  *
+  * This modules adds support for the VIA PadLock on x86.
+  */
+-#define MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C
++// -- GODOT start --
++// #define MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C
++// -- GODOT end --
+ 
+ /**
+  * \def MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C